The Mediastinum

Question 1 of 30

1

What is the mediastinum?

Select one of the following:

The central compartment of the thoracic cavity between the two pleural sacs
The posterior compartment of the thoracic cavity behind the two pleural sacs
The abdominal cavity
The opening into the thorax bound by the first thoracic vertebra and first ribs

Explanation

Question 2 of 30

1

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the regions of the mediastinum.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Superior mediastinum

Superior compartment

Inferior compartment

Line between sternal angle and T4

Anterior mediastinum

Middle mediastinum

Posterior mediastinum

Explanation

Question 3 of 30

1

The superior thoracic aperture might also be referred to as the 'thoracic inlet', which is unusual because 'thoracic outlet' syndromes occur there.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 4 of 30

1

What is the superior thoracic aperture bound by?

Select one of the following:

T1, inside of first rib, superior border of manubrium
T1, inside of first rib, sternal angle
T2, inside of second rib, sternal angle
T1, inside of second rib, xiphisternum

Explanation

Question 5 of 30

1

The suprapleural membrane arches over the superior thoracic aperture to seal the neck from the thoracic cavity. Where is the suprapleural membrane found?

Select one of the following:

Between C7 and the first rib
Between C1 and the first rib
Between T1 and the first rib
Between T1 and the second rib

Explanation

Question 6 of 30

1

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the superior thoracic aperture. The suprapleural membrane is shown in green.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Oesophagus

Trachea

Internal jugular vein

Subclavian vessels

Second rib

Apex of right lung

First rib

Superior thoracic aperture

Common carotid artery

Manubrium

Explanation

Question 7 of 30

1

What forms the boundaries of the inferior thoracic aperture/thoracic outlet

Select one of the following:

Costal margin, tip of the 11th rib, inferior border of 12th rib, T12
Costal margin, T12
Inferior border of the 12th rib, T12
Costal margin, tip of the 11th rib, inferior border of 12th rib, L1

Explanation

Question 8 of 30

1

Where is the theoretical line that divides the mediastinum into superior and inferior compartments?

Select one of the following:

Between the sternal angle and T4
Between the jugular notch and C7
Between the sternal angle and T2
Between the xiphisternum and T7

Explanation

Question 9 of 30

1

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the borders of the superior mediastinum.
SUPERIOR - ❌
INFERIOR - continuous with the inferior mediastinum at the level of ❌
ANTERIOR - ❌ of the sternum
POSTERIOR - vertebral bodies of ❌
LATERAL - ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

thoracic inlet

base of the skull

the sternal angle

T7

C1

manubrium

body

xiphoid process

T1-T4

C1-T1

T1-T7

pleurae of the lungs

Explanation

Question 10 of 30

1

Which of the following vessels will you find in the superior mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Arch of aorta and its three major branches
Superior vena cava
Brachiocephalic veins
Left superior intercostal vein
Supreme intercostal vein
Azygos vein
Inferior vena cava
Coeliac trunk
External carotid artery
Basilic vein

Explanation

Question 11 of 30

1

Which of the following nerves will you find in the superior mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Vagus nerves
Phrenic nerves
Cardiac nerves
Sympathetic trunk
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
Right recurrent laryngeal nerve
Oesophageal plexus
Pudendal nerve
Sciatic nerve

Explanation

Question 12 of 30

1

Which of the following structures will you find in the superior mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Thymus gland
Trachea
Oesophagus
Thoracic duct
Diaphragm
Stomach
Heart

Explanation

Question 13 of 30

1

Which of the following muscles will you find in the superior mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Longus colli
Anterior scalene
Posterior scalene
Sternocleidomastoid

Explanation

Question 14 of 30

1

Drag and drop the correct answers to label the neurovasculature of the superior mediastinum.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Right reccurent laryngeal nerve

Anterior scalene

Right phrenic nerve

Brachiocephalic trunk

Left subclavian vein

Left subclavian artery

Left internal jugular vein

Left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Left common carotid artery

Explanation

Question 15 of 30

1

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the veins found in the mediastinum.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Left superior intercostal vein

Accessory hemiazygos vein

Communication between azygos/hemiazygos

Azygos vein

Arch of azygos

Superior vena cava

Right superior intercostal vein

Intercostal veins

Explanation

Question 16 of 30

1

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the arteries of the thoracic cage.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Supreme intercostal artery

Costocervical trunk

subclavian artery

Posterior intercostal artery

Collateral branch

Musculophrenic artery

Superior epigastric artery

Anterior intercostal artery

Anterior perforating branches

Internal thoracic artery

Aorta

Explanation

Question 17 of 30

1

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the borders of the anterior mediastinum.
LATERAL: ❌
ANTERIOR: ❌ of the sternum and ❌
POSTERIOR: ❌
ROOF: continuous with superior mediastinum at the level of ❌
FLOOR: ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

mediastinal pleura

costal pleura

diaphragmatic pleura

body

xiphoid process

manubrium

transversus thoracis

pericardium

oesophagus

diaphragm

the sternal angle

T5

C1

Explanation

Question 18 of 30

1

The anterior mediastinum contains no major structures.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 19 of 30

1

What extends inferiorly into the anterior mediastinum in children?

Select one of the following:

Thymus
Pericardium
Right lung
Oesophagus

Explanation

Question 20 of 30

1

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the borders of the middle mediastinum.
ANTERIOR: ❌
POSTERIOR: ❌
LATERAL: ❌
SUPERIOR: theoretical line between sternal angle and ❌
INFERIOR: superior surface of ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

anterior margin of pericardium

body of sternum

posterior border of pericardium

mediastinal pleura

costal pleura

diaphragmatic pleura

T4

T1

T7

diaphragm

stomach

pericardium

Explanation

Question 21 of 30

1

Which of the following occur in the middle mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Heart
Tracheal bifurcation
Thymus
Oesophagus
Lungs

Explanation

Question 22 of 30

1

Which of the following vessels will you find in the middle mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Ascending aorta
Pulmonary trunk
Superior vena cava
Aortic arch
Brachiocephalic vein
Posterior thoracic arteries

Explanation

Question 23 of 30

1

Which of the following nerveswill you find in the middle mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Cardiac plexus
Phrenic nerves
Vagus nerve
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
Right recurrent laryngeal nerve
Oesophageal nerves

Explanation

Question 24 of 30

1

Which lymph nodes will you find in the middle mediastinum?

Select one of the following:

Tracheobronchial
Coeliac
Right gastroepiploic
Thoracic duct

Explanation

Question 25 of 30

1

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the borders of the posterior mediastinum.
LATERAL: ❌
ANTERIOR: ❌
POSTERIOR: ❌
ROOF: theoretical line between the sternal angle and ❌
FLOOR: ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

mediastinal pleura

pericardium

T5-T12 vertebrae

T4-T7

T1-T4

T4

T1

T12

diaphragm

stomach

Explanation

Question 26 of 30

1

Which of the following vessels will you find in the posterior mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Thoracic aorta
Posterior intercostal arteries
Bronchial arteries
Oesophageal arteries
Superior phrenic arteries
Azygos vein
Hemiazygos vein
Accessory hemiazygos vein
Coeliac trunk
Superior vena cava

Explanation

Question 27 of 30

1

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the thoracic aorta.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Deep cervical artery

Costocervical trunk

1st rib

Supreme intercostal artery

Ligamentum arteriosum

Coronary arteries

Mediastinal branches

Pericardial branches

Diaphragm

Superior phrenic arteries

Coeliac trunk

Subcostal artery

Posterior intercostal arteries

Oesophageal arteries

Thoracic aorta

Brocnhial arteries

Explanation

Question 28 of 30

1

Where will you find the oesophagus?

Select one of the following:

Posterior mediastinum
Anterior mediastinum
Superior mediastinum
Middle mediastinum

Explanation

Question 29 of 30

1

Which of the following vessels occur in the posterior mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Oesophageal plexus
Sympathetic trunk
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
Right recurrent laryngeal nerve
Lateral pectoral nerve

	Created by Charlotte Jakes about 4 years ago

Medicine Anatomy of Systems Quiz on The Mediastinum, created by Charlotte Jakes on 17/05/2020.

The Mediastinum

Question 1 of 30

What is the mediastinum?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 30

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the regions of the mediastinum.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 3 of 30

The superior thoracic aperture might also be referred to as the 'thoracic inlet', which is unusual because 'thoracic outlet' syndromes occur there.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 30

What is the superior thoracic aperture bound by?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 30

The suprapleural membrane arches over the superior thoracic aperture to seal the neck from the thoracic cavity. Where is the suprapleural membrane found?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 30

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the superior thoracic aperture. The suprapleural membrane is shown in green.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 7 of 30

What forms the boundaries of the inferior thoracic aperture/thoracic outlet

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 30

Where is the theoretical line that divides the mediastinum into superior and inferior compartments?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 30

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the borders of the superior mediastinum. SUPERIOR - ❌ INFERIOR - continuous with the inferior mediastinum at the level of ❌ ANTERIOR - ❌ of the sternum POSTERIOR - vertebral bodies of ❌ LATERAL - ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 10 of 30

Which of the following vessels will you find in the superior mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 30

Which of the following nerves will you find in the superior mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 30

Which of the following structures will you find in the superior mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 30

Which of the following muscles will you find in the superior mediastinum?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 30

Drag and drop the correct answers to label the neurovasculature of the superior mediastinum.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 15 of 30

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the veins found in the mediastinum.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 16 of 30

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the arteries of the thoracic cage.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 17 of 30

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the borders of the anterior mediastinum. LATERAL: ❌ ANTERIOR: ❌ of the sternum and ❌ POSTERIOR: ❌ ROOF: continuous with superior mediastinum at the level of ❌ FLOOR: ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 18 of 30

The anterior mediastinum contains no major structures.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 30

What extends inferiorly into the anterior mediastinum in children?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 30

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the borders of the middle mediastinum. ANTERIOR: ❌ POSTERIOR: ❌ LATERAL: ❌ SUPERIOR: theoretical line between sternal angle and ❌ INFERIOR: superior surface of ❌

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the borders of the superior mediastinum.
SUPERIOR - ❌
INFERIOR - continuous with the inferior mediastinum at the level of ❌
ANTERIOR - ❌ of the sternum
POSTERIOR - vertebral bodies of ❌
LATERAL - ❌

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the borders of the anterior mediastinum.
LATERAL: ❌
ANTERIOR: ❌ of the sternum and ❌
POSTERIOR: ❌
ROOF: continuous with superior mediastinum at the level of ❌
FLOOR: ❌

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the borders of the middle mediastinum.
ANTERIOR: ❌
POSTERIOR: ❌
LATERAL: ❌
SUPERIOR: theoretical line between sternal angle and ❌
INFERIOR: superior surface of ❌

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the borders of the posterior mediastinum.
LATERAL: ❌
ANTERIOR: ❌
POSTERIOR: ❌
ROOF: theoretical line between the sternal angle and ❌
FLOOR: ❌