Shirley Zhu
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High School AP Biology Quiz on Ecology, created by Shirley Zhu on 02/04/2015.

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Shirley Zhu
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Ecology

Ecology

Question 1 of 38

1

What is the relationship between a tapeworm and a dog?

Select one of the following:

  • Mutualism

  • Parasitism

  • Commensalism

  • Resource partitioning

  • Agonistic behavior

Explanation

Question 2 of 38

1

What type of relationship best describes lichens?

Select one of the following:

  • Mutualism

  • Parasitism

  • Commensalism

  • Resource partitioning

  • Agonostic behavior

Explanation

Question 3 of 38

1

What type of relationship is formed between mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots?

Select one of the following:

  • Mutualism

  • Parasitism

  • Commensalism

  • Resource partitioning

  • Agonistic behavior

Explanation

Question 4 of 38

1

What could result from an overlap in the niches of two closely related species?

Select one of the following:

  • Mutualism

  • Parasitism

  • Commensalism

  • Resource partitioning

  • Agonistic behavior

Explanation

Question 5 of 38

1

Which type of relationship is characterized by benefiting one organism and producing no harm or advantage to the other?

Select one of the following:

  • Mutualism

  • Parasitism

  • Commensalism

  • Resource partitioning

  • Agnostic behavior

Explanation

Question 6 of 38

1

What word best represents ritualized contests that determine which competitor gains access to food or mates?

Select one of the following:

  • Mutualism

  • Parasitism

  • Commensalism

  • Resource partitioning

  • Agonostic behavior

Explanation

Question 7 of 38

1

Which type of biome is characterized by rapid recycling of nutrients?

Select one of the following:

  • Tropical rainforest

  • Taiga

  • Tundra

  • Savana

  • Temperate deciduous (broadleaf) forest

Explanation

Question 8 of 38

1

Which biome has the least amount of moisture?

Select one of the following:

  • Tropical rainforest

  • Taiga

  • Tundra

  • Savanna

  • Temperate deciduous (broadleaf) forest

Explanation

Question 9 of 38

1

What biome is characterized by permafrost?

Select one of the following:

  • Tropical rainforest

  • Taiga

  • Tundra

  • Temperate deciduous (broadleaf) forest

  • Savanna

Explanation

Question 10 of 38

1

What biome consists of mainly grassland with a few trees?

Select one of the following:

  • Tropical rainforest

  • Taiga

  • Tundra

  • Savanna

  • Temperate deciduous (broadleaf) forest

Explanation

Question 11 of 38

1

What biome is characterized with having high levels of light on the forest floor in early spring?

Select one of the following:

  • Tropical rainforest

  • Taiga

  • Tundra

  • Savanna

  • Temperate deciduous (broadleaf) forest

Explanation

Question 12 of 38

1

What biome has distinct rainy and dry seasons?

Select one of the following:

  • Tropical rainforest

  • Taiga

  • Tundra

  • Savanna

  • Temperate deciduous (broadleaf) forest

Explanation

Question 13 of 38

1

What biome is characterized by evergreens?

Select one of the following:

  • Tropical rainforest

  • Taiga

  • Tundra

  • Savanna

  • Temperate deciduous (broadleaf) forest

Explanation

Question 14 of 38

1

What process is performed by bacteria that live in the nodules of legume plants?

Select one of the following:

  • Nitrogen fixation

  • Denitrification

  • Excretion

  • Assimilation

  • Ammonification

Explanation

Question 15 of 38

1

What process converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia?

Select one of the following:

  • Nitrogen fixation

  • Denitrification

  • Exretion

  • Assimilation

  • Ammonification

Explanation

Question 16 of 38

1

What is the name of the process that returns gaseous nitrogen back into the atmosphere?

Select one of the following:

  • Nitrogen fixation

  • Denitrification

  • Excretion

  • Assimilation

  • Ammonification

Explanation

Question 17 of 38

1

What process results in urea, uric acid and ammonia being deposited into the soil?

Select one of the following:

  • Nitrogen fixation

  • Denitrification

  • Excretion

  • Assimilation

  • Ammonification

Explanation

Question 18 of 38

1

What process is characterized by plants taking up ammonium and nitrates to build amino acids and nitrogenous bases?

Select one of the following:

  • Nitrogen fixation

  • Denitrification

  • Excretion

  • Assimilation

  • Ammonification

Explanation

Question 19 of 38

1

What is the process in which nitrogen-containing organic molecules are broken down, and NH3 is released?

Select one of the following:

  • Nitrogen fixation

  • Denitrification

  • Excretion

  • Assimilation

  • Ammonification

Explanation

Question 20 of 38

1

In which of the following organisms would one expect to find the greatest concentration of mercury (a harmful metal pollutant)?

Select one of the following:

  • Seaweed

  • Plankton

  • Minnows

  • Bass

  • Tuna

Explanation

Question 21 of 38

1

All of the following are true statements about the biomass pyramid EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

  • The base of the pyramid represents primary consumers.

  • The amount of biomass at any trophic level is dependent on the trophic level below it.

  • Biomagnification occurs at the top trophic levels.

  • Decomposers can feed at several trophic levels.

  • The biomass of a trophic level is the dry mass of all the organisms present in that trophic level.

Explanation

Question 22 of 38

1

A fast-moving stream is most likely to

Select one of the following:

  • be eutrophic.

  • be susceptible to algal blooms.

  • show thermal stratification.

  • have high levels of dissolved oxygen.

  • have a high salinity.

Explanation

Question 23 of 38

1

All of the following represent mutualistic associations in ecosystems EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

  • Legume plants with nodules containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria

  • Aphids that feed on phloem sap

  • Cellulose-digesting microorganisms in the termite gut

  • Mycorrhizal fungi

  • Lichens

Explanation

Question 24 of 38

1

A species of ant protects an acacia tree from a specific predator. The acacia tree has specialized storage areas in which these ants live. This is an example of

Select one of the following:

  • coevolution.

  • convergent evolution.

  • homologous structures.

  • analogous structures.

  • speciation.

Explanation

Question 25 of 38

1

Which of the following organisms can feed at more than one trophic level?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Ominvores

  • Detritivores and decomposers

  • Producers

Explanation

Question 26 of 38

1

Which of the following are correctly paired?

Select one of the following:

  • Imprinting: your mother recognizes a long-lost friend after 10 years of separation

  • Trial and error : your cat runs into the kitchen when it hears a can of food being opened

  • Operant conditioning : your dog brings you your slippers for a treat

  • Habituation : you are startled every time your sister slams the dorr

  • Fixed-action pattern : a fish learns not to strike at a rubber worm

Explanation

Question 27 of 38

1

A farmer is concerned about the poor yields of her indoor crops. Possible remedies include all of the following EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

  • Rotate the crops, planting legumes with each rotation

  • Inoculate the soil with a fungus that forms mycorrhizal associations with plants

  • Increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air

  • Increase the concentration of oxygen in the air

  • Make sure the water contains minerals such as phosphorus and sulfur

Explanation

Question 28 of 38

1

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the flow of energy and nutrients in an ecosystem?

Select one of the following:

  • Energy and nutrients are both recycled.

  • Energy is recycled, but only 10 percent of the nutrients from one trophic level are transferred to the one above it.

  • Nutrients are recycled, but energy is lost from every trophic level.

  • Nutrients accumulate at the highest trophic levels, and energy is lost at each trophic level.

  • Neither nutrients nor energy are recycled in an ecosystem.

Explanation

Question 29 of 38

1

Mt. Saint Helens, a North American volcano, erupted in May 1980. The eruption wiped out everything within a 200-square-mile radius of the volcano. Today, small trees, grasses, shrubs, and several animals including secondary consumers inhabit the area. Which of the following est explains this situation?

Select one of the following:

  • Evolution

  • Natural selection

  • Eutrophication

  • R-selection

  • Succession

Explanation

Question 30 of 38

1

Which of the following illustrates a biotic aspect of an ecosystem?

Select one of the following:

  • Elephants have a low metabolic rate compared to other mammals.

  • Pine trees will not grow in saltwater.

  • Monarch butterflies only live where milkweed plants grow.

  • Some conifers will grow only where forest fires scorch their seeds.

  • Trout prefer to live in cold water.

Explanation

Question 31 of 38

1

An ecologist studying how the invasive kudzu plant affects the population dynamics of native plants is focusing on the

Select one of the following:

  • population.

  • biome.

  • ecosystem.

  • community.

  • individuals.

Explanation

Question 32 of 38

1

All of the following are characterisitics of an ideal pioneer species EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

  • R-selected life history

  • Can withstand harsh conditions

  • Producer

  • Effective competitor

  • Maximizes reproductive opportunities

Explanation

Question 33 of 38

1

Which of the following sea creatures might be described as a pelagic animal of the aphotic zone?

Select one of the following:

  • A coral

  • Kiwa hirsuta, a crustacean near a deep-sea hydrothermal vent

  • An intertidal sea anemone

  • A deep-sea squid

  • A harbour seal

Explanation

Question 34 of 38

1

Ted was a passenger on a plane that took off from New York, flew over temperate deciduous forest, then grassland and desert, then arrived at an airport in chaparral. Ted was flying

Select one of the following:

  • nonstop to southern Washington State.

  • nonstop to southern California.

  • nonstop to western Florida.

  • to Nevada, then transferred to a plane flying into Oregon.

  • to Oregon, then transferred to a plane flying into Nevada.

Explanation

Question 35 of 38

1

The primary ecological factor determining the distribution of deserts on the planet is

Select one of the following:

  • wind.

  • elevation.

  • temperature.

  • moisture.

  • scarcity of living things.

Explanation

Question 36 of 38

1

Heliconius butterflies live on passionflower vines. Females of some Heliconius species avoid laying their bright yellow eggs on leaves where other yellow egg clusters have been laid. Some species of passionflowers develop large, yellow nectaries that resemble Heliconius eggs. Which of the following terms most acuratel explains the relationship between the Heliconius butterfly and the passionflower vine?

Select one of the following:

  • Adaptive radiation

  • Coevolution

  • Counterevolution

  • Mutualism

  • Mutation

Explanation

Question 37 of 38

1

All of the following statements concerning the relationship between angiosperms and their insect pollinators are true EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

  • Flower parts may resemble the female of some insect species.

  • Insects assist in pollinating flowers by carrying seeds from one plant to another.

  • Brightly colored flowers are the result of coevolution between plants and insects.

  • Nectar produced by some flowers serves to attract insect pollinators.

  • Insects that pollinate brightly colored flowers probably have color vision.

Explanation

Question 38 of 38

1

The orange and black monarch butterfly feeds on the milkweed plant, which contains a cardiac glycoside that is poisonous to birds. The viceroy butterfly has the same wing coloration as the monarch but does not feed on the milkweed plant. Animals avoid eating both kinds of butterflies. The coloration on the viceroy is an example of

Select one of the following:

  • mutation.

  • learning.

  • pattern formation.

  • mimicry.

  • sexual selection.

Explanation

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