Acute/Chronic Inflammation + Hemodynamics/Thrombosis

Question 1 of 40

1

Which of the following is not a sign of acute inflammation?

Select one or more of the following:

Pain
Functio Laesa
Swelling
Erythema
Warmth
Angiogenesis

Explanation

Question 2 of 40

1

List the main components of the 1st (vascular) phase of acute inflammation.

Select one of the following:

Vascular dilation --> smooth muscle relaxation --> endothelial cell contraction --> increase in vascular permeability
Smooth muscle relaxation --> vascular dilation --> endothelial cell contraction --> increase in vascular permeability
Endothelial cell contraction --> increase in vascular permeability --> vascular dilation --> smooth muscle relaxation
Endothelial cell contraction --> increase in vascular permeability --> smooth muscle relaxation --> vascular dilation

Explanation

Question 3 of 40

1

Bradykinin has effects similar to histamine, but these effects become evident later in the inflammation process.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 4 of 40

1

Your patient has been bitten by a venomous snake. You would expect activation of the complement cascade through which pathway?

Select one of the following:

Classical pathway
Alternative pathway
Lectin pathway
Complement pathway

Explanation

Question 5 of 40

1

Nitric oxide, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, cytokines and PAF are all examples of

Select one of the following:

Plasma-derived mediators of inflammation
Cell-derived mediators of inflammation
Complement-derived mediators of inflammation
Lymphocyte-derived mediators of inflammation

Explanation

Question 6 of 40

1

The process by which leukocytes are marginalized and become attached to the endothelium of vessels is called

Select one of the following:

Margination
Pavementing
Exudation
Diapedesis

Explanation

Question 7 of 40

1

IL-1 and TNF are the primary endogenous pyrogens released from leukocytes or macrophages

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 8 of 40

1

Which major cell types would you expect to see in the 3rd (organization) stage of wound healing and repair?

Select one or more of the following:

Activated macrophages
Endothelial cells
Fibroblasts
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils

Explanation

Question 9 of 40

1

Wound healing by first/primary intention includes: formation of a scab, scavenger action of PMNs, formation of granulation tissue, and scarring.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 10 of 40

1

With persistent injury that leads to chronic inflammation,

Select one of the following:

the symptoms are prominent
CT proliferation occurs as inflammation subsides
Exudate is comprised of neutrophils
Exudate is comprised of lymphocytes and macrophages

Explanation

Question 11 of 40

1

A patient's kidney was affected by inflammation for 2-3 months. What type of cells would you expect to see in the tissue?

Select one or more of the following:

Lymphocytes
Macrophages
Fibroblastic scarring
Plasma cells

Explanation

Question 12 of 40

1

You are observing tissue slides and see many multinucleated giant cells. What underlying reaction/inflammation probably caused this?

Select one of the following:

Granulomatous
Ulcerative
Pseudomembranous
Acute

Explanation

Question 13 of 40

1

Which of the following chemotaxins are endogenous?

Select one or more of the following:

Necrotic cells
Fibrinopeptides
Lipopolysaccharide
IL-8
LTB4

Explanation

Question 14 of 40

1

Under conditions, phagocytosis involves a respiratory burst and killing by way of free radicals. This form of phagocytosis _ contained within the cell.

Select one of the following:

anaerobic; is
anaerobic; is not
aerobic; is
aerobic; is not

Explanation

Question 15 of 40

1

Macrophages appear at the site of inflammation 3-4 days after onset of infection/trauma and are typically present in chronic inflammation.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 16 of 40

1

Which of the following pathologies are characterized by serous inflammation, the mildest form of inflammation?

Select one of the following:

Purulent tracheobronchitis
Peptic ulcer
2nd degree burn
Strep throat

Explanation

Question 17 of 40

1

Which of the following complication(s) are associated with granulomas?

Select one or more of the following:

Bleeding from eroded blood vessels into cavities
Fibrosis
Chronic persistence
Pseudomembranous inflammation

Explanation

Question 18 of 40

1

Which of the following cell types do not divide regularly, but can be stimulated to divide if necessary?

Select one of the following:

Stable cells
Labile cells
Permanent cells
Mitotic cells

Explanation

Question 19 of 40

1

Which of the following is not a factor that can significantly delay wound healing?

Select one or more of the following:

Site of the wound
Mechanical factors
Age
Nurtritional factors
Vitamin C intake

Explanation

Question 20 of 40

1

You observe the following signs in your patient: leukocytosis, fever, increased CRP and increased ESR. What causes the increase in hepatic synthesis of CRP?

Select one of the following:

Cytokines, mainly IL-6 and IL-1.
Cytokines, mainly IL-8
PGE1 and IL-1
Insulin synthesis

Explanation

Question 21 of 40

1

In early wound organization of granulation tissue you would likely see

Select one of the following:

Proliferation of fibroblasts
Dense collagen sclerosis
Neovascularization
Fibronectin synthesis

Explanation

Question 22 of 40

1

Albumin, synthesized by the liver and pancreas, is the major protein generating vascular oncotic pressure.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 23 of 40

1

Non-inflammatory edema is characterized by

Select one of the following:

Increased endothelial permeability
Transudate
Exudate
Increased colloid osmotic pressure

Explanation

Question 24 of 40

1

Which of the below options are clinical examples of edema?

Select one or more of the following:

Cirrhosis of the liver
CHF
Nephrotic syndrome
Lymphatic obstruction

Explanation

Question 25 of 40

1

Blushing of the cheeks is an example of passive hyperemia.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 26 of 40

1

A "nutmeg" liver is the result of

Select one of the following:

hepatic congestion due to left heart failure
one too many "cinnamon challenges"
hepatic congestion due to right heart failure
hepatic steatosis

Explanation

Question 27 of 40

1

Factors increasing one's risk for hemorrhage include:

Select one or more of the following:

severe increase in platelets
coagulation factor deficiency
capillary fragility
platelet dysfunction

Explanation

Question 28 of 40

1

Metrorrhagia is defined as profound menstrual bleeding and is considered a form of hemorrhage.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 29 of 40

1

Arterial rupture is often due to weakening of the vessel walls and venous rupture is often due to injury.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 30 of 40

1

A 65-year-old female alcoholic is found to have sever liver cirrhosis and facial edema. Which of the following directly contributes to this form of edema?

Select one of the following:

Decreased lymphatic flow
Decreased oncotic pressure
Increased venous pressure
Decreased arterial pressure

Explanation

Question 31 of 40

1

Which of the following substances provides a framework for a clot?

Select one of the following:

Thrombin
RBCs
Plasmin
Fibrin

Explanation

Question 32 of 40

1

A healthcare worker develops a small thrombus in their lower leg. What is the most likely fate of the thrombus?

Select one of the following:

Embolize to the heart
Lysis and resolution
Embolize to the lungs
Organization and extension

Explanation

Question 33 of 40

1

A 70-year-old male has a hard time catching his breath and has a dry cough that worsens at night. Diffuse pulmonary edema is noted. The cause of this patient's edema is right-sided heart failure.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 34 of 40

1

Twin brothers present to your ED with acute conditions; one with volvulus and one with testicular torsion. With respect to the damaged tissues, you would expect to see a RED infarct in these cases.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 35 of 40

1

You are a pathology PA are looking at an area of tissue that looks to be consistent with a pale/white infarct that is mottled. Which of the following injuries/mechanisms could explain this?

Select one of the following:

Pulmonary infarction that is now receiving blood from bronchial arteries
Hepatic infarction perfused by collateral vessels after a few days
Myocardial infarction perfused by collateral vessels after a few days
This description is highly unlikely

Explanation

Question 36 of 40

1

A patient, known to be in shock, is hypotensive, acidotic, and has oliguria. What stage of shock is the patient probably in?

Select one of the following:

Compensated
Decompensated
Irreversible
Cardiogenic

Explanation

Question 37 of 40

1

A paradoxical embolus is a venous embolus that travels to the arterial circulation via the foramen ovale or interventricular septal defect.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 38 of 40

1

Intravascular coagulation is the result of the interaction of which factors?

Select one or more of the following:

Coagulation proteins
Hemodynamic changes
Platelets
Endothelial cells

Explanation

Question 39 of 40

1

Virchow's triad comprises the three predisposing conditions for pathologic thrombi including: endothelial cell injury, hypocoagulability of the blood and hemodynamic changes.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 40 of 40

1

Alternating bands of RBCs and platelets/fibrin, also known as Lines of Zahn, appear in venous clots due to the dynamic nature of blood flow.

Select one of the following:

True
False

	Created by Trey W over 4 years ago

Medicine Quiz on Acute/Chronic Inflammation + Hemodynamics/Thrombosis, created by Trey W on 19/07/2020.

Acute/Chronic Inflammation + Hemodynamics/Thrombosis

Question 1 of 40

Which of the following is not a sign of acute inflammation?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 40

List the main components of the 1st (vascular) phase of acute inflammation.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 40

Bradykinin has effects similar to histamine, but these effects become evident later in the inflammation process.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 40

Your patient has been bitten by a venomous snake. You would expect activation of the complement cascade through which pathway?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 40

Nitric oxide, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, cytokines and PAF are all examples of

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 40

The process by which leukocytes are marginalized and become attached to the endothelium of vessels is called

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 40

IL-1 and TNF are the primary endogenous pyrogens released from leukocytes or macrophages

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 40

Which major cell types would you expect to see in the 3rd (organization) stage of wound healing and repair?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 40

Wound healing by first/primary intention includes: formation of a scab, scavenger action of PMNs, formation of granulation tissue, and scarring.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 40

With persistent injury that leads to chronic inflammation,

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 40

A patient's kidney was affected by inflammation for 2-3 months. What type of cells would you expect to see in the tissue?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 40

You are observing tissue slides and see many multinucleated giant cells. What underlying reaction/inflammation probably caused this?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 40

Which of the following chemotaxins are endogenous?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 40

Under ____ conditions, phagocytosis involves a respiratory burst and killing by way of free radicals. This form of phagocytosis _____ contained within the cell.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 40

Macrophages appear at the site of inflammation 3-4 days after onset of infection/trauma and are typically present in chronic inflammation.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 40

Which of the following pathologies are characterized by serous inflammation, the mildest form of inflammation?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 40

Which of the following complication(s) are associated with granulomas?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 40

Which of the following cell types do not divide regularly, but can be stimulated to divide if necessary?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 40

Which of the following is not a factor that can significantly delay wound healing?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 40

You observe the following signs in your patient: leukocytosis, fever, increased CRP and increased ESR. What causes the increase in hepatic synthesis of CRP?

Under conditions, phagocytosis involves a respiratory burst and killing by way of free radicals. This form of phagocytosis _ contained within the cell.