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Quiz on LING Practice Exam: Linguistics, Phonetics and Phonology, created by emmusky on 09/10/2013.

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LING Practice Exam: Linguistics, Phonetics and Phonology

LING Practice Exam: Linguistics, Phonetics and Phonology

Question 1 of 19

1

A speaker’s knowledge of his/her language is:

Select one of the following:

  • explicit knowledge.

  • conscious knowledge

  • tacit knowledge

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 2 of 19

1

‘I’m not doing nothing today’ is:

Select one of the following:

  • a string of words which is ungrammatical for all humans

  • a string of words which is a grammatical sentence for some humans

  • an illogical statement.

  • a fundamental truth.

Explanation

Question 3 of 19

1

‘Syntax’ is the module of the grammar responsible for:

Select one of the following:

  • the structure of sentences

  • the structure of complex words

  • the sounds used in human languages

  • that extra money you have to pay when you buy cigarettes

Explanation

Question 4 of 19

1

Linguists examine various linguistic systems and develop

Select one of the following:

  • prescriptive grammars

  • descriptive grammars

  • dictionaries

  • theories about which systems are best

Explanation

Question 5 of 19

1

A ‘linguist’ is someone who:

Select one of the following:

  • can speak more than five languages

  • can speak more than ten languages

  • investigates the nature of human language

  • speaks with proper grammar

Explanation

Question 6 of 19

1

Select the words below which belong in this sentence: ‘The English language is
__________ linguistic research.’

Select one of the following:

  • a critical component of

  • the major focus of

  • irrelevant to

  • one aspect of

Explanation

Question 7 of 19

1

‘Phonology’ is:

Select one of the following:

  • the study of telephonic communication

  • the study of telepathic communication

  • the module of the grammar which allows one to produce and parse speech sounds.

  • You phonio saxo? Nnnn.

Explanation

Question 8 of 19

1

An individual’s linguistic competence refers to:

Select one of the following:

  • how clearly they enunciate.

  • how many languages they know.

  • the mental system containing linguistic knowledge.

  • their ability to speak in public.

Explanation

Question 9 of 19

1

[θ] is a

Select one of the following:

  • voiced labiodental fricative.

  • voiceless alveolar fricative.

  • voiceless interdental fricative.

  • voiced palatal fricative.

Explanation

Question 10 of 19

1

A voiceless alveolar fricative is transcribed in the IPA with the symbol

Select one of the following:

  • [ʃ]

  • [s]

  • [θ]

  • [ɚ]

Explanation

Question 11 of 19

1

[u] is a:

Select one of the following:

  • a high, back, round vowel.

  • a high, front, unrounded vowel.

  • a high, back, unrounded vowel.

  • a high, front, round vowel.

Explanation

Question 12 of 19

1

Examine the following dialogue between children and answer the question. [Note: This and the following excerpts were transcribed from an actual conversation between young children. They are mildly incoherent and have many performance errors thus they are quite similar to adult speech ...]

A: aj æ fɔr sɪstrz̩.
B: ju dən hæv fɔr sɪstrz̩.jə oni hæv θri.

A: suzi kæθi mi n̩ bani.

B: ʔɪts na kawntɪŋ ju. jr̩ naɾə sɪstr.̩ jr̩ naʔ jr̩ sɪstr.̩

How many sisters does Miss A have?

Select one of the following:

  • Four, but she thinks she has three.


  • Three, but she thinks she has four.


  • Five, but she thinks she has 4

  • The details of Miss A’s family situation cannot be deduced from this dialogue.

Explanation

Question 13 of 19

1

Examine the following child’s monologue and answer the question.

A: aj hæv ðiz awʔ ɔrɛɾi ɪn ðɪs wən kem awt. læs najt maj mawθ əz ɔl bliɾɪŋ. no, naʔ frəm ðæt, maj hol gəm ərawn æn maj hol tiθ. ɪt ɔmos ɪʔ drɪpt awɾə maj mawθ. maj brəðr̩ hæʔ wɛl hi hæd e tiθ awʔ. hɪz mawθ wəz ɔl bliɾi ən i hæʔ hi kʊnnivən stæn frəm ɪt. ɪʔ ɪɾɔlmos drɪpdawn tu ɪz to. Tu ɪs fit. æn maj mam hæɾən apre̩ʃɪn. ʔapre̩ʃɪn ɔnrs̩təmɪk.

How far did the blood from A’s brother’s mouth almost drip down to?

Select one of the following:

  • To his belly button

  • To his knees

  • To his ankles

  • To his toes or to his feet, the text is a little unclear on the point

Explanation

Question 14 of 19

1

Examine the following children’s conversation and answer the question.

A:pɛprz̩ ə ʤrm̩ɪn ʃɛprd̩.
B: jə no wət. ʔə boj sɛd ðɛt hi ðɛt pɛpr̩ hɛd ʔəm rebiz. bət mi n̩ hɪm wən ovr̩ tə pɛɾɪt. ɛn ɪ dɪdn̩ ivn̩ æv rebiz. hi wəz rɔŋ.
A: pɛpr̩dɪd.
B: aj pɛɾəd hɪm. hi dɪdn̩ ivn̩ hæv rebiz. f i hæd rebiz hi wʊɾə bɪʔ mi. bɪʔn̩ mi ʔn̩ ʔəm dajd. əhə.
C: maj dɔgz hævɪŋ bebiz n̩ hi dɪdn̩ bajt.
B: hævrebiz.
C: bebiz.
B: bebiz. wɛl ðe donʔ bajʔ wən ðe hæv rebiz. bebiz. bət. wən ðe ʔæv ʔm̩ rebiz jæ ðe du bajt.

Which of the following statements is true?

Select one of the following:

  • According to A, ‘Pepper’ had rabies.

  • According to B, ‘Pepper’ did not have rabies.


  • C is a little confused about whether the discussion concerns ‘babies’ or ‘rabies.’

  • All of the above.

Explanation

Question 15 of 19

1

Examine the following child dialogue and answer the question.

A: wəns wəns hi kip ʤəmp ʤəmpɪŋ ʤəmpɪŋ æn ðɛn ðɪs θɪŋ slajs awn ðɛn hi fɛl ovr̩ tu ðəʔ əðə bɛd æn i star krajɪn ɛn aj kʊʔən gɛ tə bɛd so aj aj hæftə wek əp pəʔəm bæk ɪm maj krɪb.
B: ʔɪn jr̩ krɪb.
A: no naʔ ɪm maj krɪb. aj don hæv ə krɪb.
B: ju sɛ pəʔɪm bæk ɪn jr̩ krɪb.
A: aj min ɪn hɪz krɪb. aj don hæv ə krɪb.

Does Miss A have a crib?

Select one of the following:

  • She said she did, but she doesn’t.


  • She said she didn’t, but she does.


  • No, B has a crib.


  • No, B said she had a crib (but she doesn’t).

Explanation

Question 16 of 19

1

Examine the following first-grader monologue and answer the question.

A:bɪfɔr aj juz tə hæv əbrd̩. ɪʔ dajd. Aj juztə hæv ə ræbɪt. ðæʔ dajd. Wi gaɾə dɔg ðæʔ dajd. ən wən wi gaɾə kæt wi sold ɪt əwe. so wi gat dɪsajdəd tə gɛɾənəðr ̩ dɔg.

Given A’s past experience with pets, what are the prospects for his new dog?

Select one of the following:

  • Promising—it will probably lead a long and healthy life.


  • Excellent—It can look forward to many years of happy pet-hood.

  • Fine—I’m sure it will be well taken care of.

  • Not so great, it should quickly find itself a new home.

Explanation

Question 17 of 19

1

Examine the following first-grader conversation and answer the question.

A:æn aj hæv ə θawzɛnz ɔmos θawzənz əv ænəmlz̩ ɪm maj bɛəd. aj oni ga wən trd̩l.̩
B: aj ləv ræbɪs.

C: aj gaʔʔəbawʔ tɛn fajv ræbiʔs. fajv ræbɪʔs.

A: aj hæv ə dɔg. hɪz nem ɪz dæjəndi.
B: aj əv əpɛwokiʔ bəɾI dəzən tɔk jɛt.

A: æn hiz ə æn izə winr̩ dɔk. hi wɪglz̩ ɪz teəl ɛvri tajm.

B: du ju kɔlɪm ɛnitajm ə winr.̩ ɛnitajm.

A: hiʤəmʔsɔnəʧerz̩ ənɛvriθɪŋ.majfaðr̩wapsɪmwən.
B: aj gaɾə slo ænɪml.̩ ən gɛs hu hi ɪz. ðə tɔrdɪs.

What is B’s slow animal?

Select one of the following:

  • A rabbit.


  • A wiener-dog.

  • A tortoise.

  • A parakeet.

Explanation

Question 18 of 19

1

One of the four strings below is likely to be accurate — the others have serious errors which make it very unlikely that you or we would ever say them that way. Circle the one which has the good transliteration in it.

Select one of the following:

  • ɪf ju kn̩ ridðɪs, jə məjt pæs ðɪs klæs.

  • ðiz kwɛSʧin̩z ar rili stʊpid.


  • maj hɛad hurts.


  • ði aj pi e ɪz ə ril pain ɪn ði æs.

Explanation

Question 19 of 19

1

Mokilese (an Oceanic language spoken on Mokil). Examine the following data, noting the distribution of voiceless (with a ring under the vowel) and voiced vowels.
a)[pis̥an]‘full of leaves’
 b) [uduk]‘flesh’
 c) [kaskas]‘to throw’
 d) [poki]‘to strike something’

e) [tu̥pu̥kta]‘bought’

f) [pu̥ko]‘basket’

g)[kis̥a]‘wetwo’

h) [pil]‘water’
i) [apid]‘out rigger support’
j) [luʤuk]‘to tackle’
k) [su̥pw o] ‘firewood’
l) [kamwɔkit̥i]‘to move’
m)[isik̥]‘to shake’
n) [tun]‘to drip’

a. Which rule accounts for the voiceless vowel allophones in the data above?

(a) Vowels become voiceless before voiceless stops.

(b) High vowels become voiceless between voiceless consonants.
(c)High vowels become voiceless after voiceless consonants.

(d) Vowels become voiceless between voiceless consonants.

b. What should the phonetic realization of Mokilese /pisa/ ‘fish body part (from the start of the tail to just below the gills)’ be?

(a) [pisḁ]
(b) [pisa]
(c) [pis̥a]
(d) [pis̥ḁ]

(part c is in another question)
c. The phonemic representation of Mokilese ‘bought’ is:

(a) /tu̥pu̥ktḁ/
(b) /tupuktḁ/
(c) /tu̥pu̥kta/
(d) /tupukta/

Select one or more of the following:

  • a.(a) Vowels become voiceless before voiceless stops.


  • a.(b) High vowels become voiceless between voiceless consonants.

  • a.(c)High vowels become voiceless after voiceless consonants.


  • a.(d) Vowels become voiceless between voiceless consonants.

  • b.(a) [pisḁ]

  • b.(b) [pisa]

  • b.(c) [pis̥a]

  • b.(d) [pis̥ḁ]

Explanation

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