Psychology 1 - Memory

Question 1 of 20

1

Shepard studied duration of LTM in 1976

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 2 of 20

1

Who used the digit span technique to test the capacity of the STM?

Select one or more of the following:

Miller
Jacobs (1887)
Baddeley (1966)

Explanation

Question 3 of 20

1

Which memory store has a capacity of 7 +-2 chunks?

Select one of the following:

STM
LTM

Explanation

Question 4 of 20

1

The encoding of the LTM is semantic?

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 5 of 20

1

Which is the correct explanation of the serial position effect

Select one of the following:

Baddeley (1966) gave participants short lists of words either acoustically similar or semantically similar , they then had to recall them immediately or after a delay . With immediate recall participants got confused with acoustic similar words and after a delay got confused with semantic similar words.
Glanzer and Cunitz (1966)
Gave a list of 20 words to participants to recall immediately after. Participant tended to remember words from the beginning of the list (primacy effect) and words from the end (recency effect). It shows words at the start are best rehearsed so moved to the LTM and the words at the end are in the STM still when recalled. This provides evidence in support of the MSM

Explanation

Question 6 of 20

3

Which of these are criticisms of the msm

Select one or more of the following:

Oversimplifies the structure and processes
Emphasises processes rather than structure
The STM and LTM are not unitary stores
Evidence from brain damaged patients show that the LTM has four stores
Evidence is valid because the participants were psychology students
Was a lab experiment

Explanation

Question 7 of 20

1

Craick and Lockhart (1972) proposed a different model to explain long lasting memories. If you process and think things through then you are more likely to remember them. This is called?

Select one or more of the following:

Maintenance rehearsal
Elaborative rehearsal
Deep Rehearsal

Explanation

Question 8 of 20

7

Which of these are components of the WMM?

Select one or more of the following:

Central executive
Sensory Store
Long term memory
Episodic Buffer
Short Term store
Phonological loop
Hippocampus
Visuo-spatial sketchpad
articulatory process
Phonological store

Explanation

Question 9 of 20

1

Who made the working memory model?

Select one of the following:

Attkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
Baddeley and Hitch (1974)

Explanation

Question 10 of 20

1

The Visuo-spatial sketch pad is used to plan out visual/spatial tasks. Information is stored temporarily here, as visual is what things look like and spatial is the relationship between things.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 11 of 20

1

The phonological loop directs attention to particular tasks and allocates components to it to determine where the information is stored. It controls the STM.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 12 of 20

1

What is the first stage of the cognitive interview?

Select one or more of the following:

Change the perspective
Change the order
Recall everything
Mental reinstatement of the original context

Explanation

Question 13 of 20

1

Which study was done by Kohnken et al (1999) to research the effectiveness of the CI

Select one or more of the following:

Studied current police questioning in Brazil , used female cleaners in the university to watch a video of an abduction. Gave half a standard interrogation and half the CI. CI increased the amount of correct information obtained.
Meta-analysis of 53 studies, found a 34% increase in the amount of correct information recalled in CI.
Looked at the police forces and how they used the CI , the thames valley police use original CI by Fisher and Geiselman but without the "changing perspective"

Explanation

Question 14 of 20

3

Which of these are verbal mnemonics

Select one or more of the following:

Acronyms
Method of Loci
Acrostics
Rhymes
Mindmaps
Spider diagrams

Explanation

Question 15 of 20

1

A mnemonic works by organising data so that you can establish links that help recall. The brain remembers new information by building associations among the most naturally fitting pieces of information.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 16 of 20

1

The amount of rehearsal is more important than the nature

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 17 of 20

2

Which of these studies show the effectiveness of mnemonics

Select one or more of the following:

O'Hara et al (2007)
Baddeley (1966)
Gidden et al (1983)
kohnken et al (1999

Explanation

Question 18 of 20

2

Which of these are good points that show age effects accuracy

Select one or more of the following:

Brassard et al (2002) 4 Year olds were more prone to suggestibility than 8 year olds. Their answers reflected cues from the interviewer. However this study only looked at 2 age groups so cannot be compared to other studies on age.
Martin et al (1979) The amount of information recalled increased with age.
Anastasi and Rhodes (2006) Showed participants from 3 different age groups between 18 and 78, 24 photographs and asked them to rate the attractiveness , after a short filler activity they were shown 48 photographs and asked to identify the 24 original ones. Results showed that young and middle aged participants were significantly more accurate than the older participants. All the age groups were more accurate in identifying photographs from their own age group. This study is criticised however as it did not cover under 18's or over 78's so is not a true representation of age. It also encouraged a gender bias as men would have been more attracted to women and remembered them.
Lewis et al (1995)
This study used participants ages 3-4 years. They were shown photos of adult males in a line and then asked if there dad was in one of the photos. The findings showed that 29% of the children misidentified the photo that was labelled Daddy even though it wasn’t there own dad. This is because the question was not detailed enough for the children and didn’t state YOUR daddy. This study supports how vulnerable children are and how their testimonies may not be very accurate.
Parker and Carranza (1989)
This study aimed to compare primary and college students ability to correctly identify a certain individual after a sequence of a mock crime. In the photo identification test, children had the highest rate of choosing the photos however, they were most likely to make mistakes of identification than college students. This shows that children are not the most accurate eye witness’s.

Explanation

Question 19 of 20

1

Who investigated the weapon focus effect by creating two conditions where participants overheard a loud conversation, and in condition 1 a man emerged from room with a pen and grease on his hands , and condition 2 the discussion was more heated and a man emerged with a paper knife covered in blood?

Select one of the following:

Shaffer and Emerson
Johnson and Scott (1976)
Anastasi and Rodes

Explanation

Question 20 of 20

1

Which of these is a study by Loftus and Palmer (1974)

Select one of the following:

Showed 7 films of a car accident to 45 students. They were given a questionnaire asking general questions about what they saw , with one critical question , "how fast was the car going when it hit the other" each group was given a questionnaire where the critical question had different verbs , either smashed , bumped or contacted.
Studied 26 infants in Uganda , by looking at the infant-caregiver bonds to see if Bowlby's evolutionary theory was universal.
Anastasi and Rodes tested own age bias by showing participants from 3 age groups from 18 to 78 , 24 photographs of people across all 3 age groups. They were asked to rate them for attractiveness after a short filler task they were shown 48 photo's and asked to identify the original 24.

	Created by Chelsie Woodhall about 9 years ago

Quiz testing you on key studies , memory models , cognitive interview and memory improvement techniques.

Psychology 1 - Memory

Question 1 of 20

Shepard studied duration of LTM in 1976

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 20

Who used the digit span technique to test the capacity of the STM?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 20

Which memory store has a capacity of 7 +-2 chunks?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 20

The encoding of the LTM is semantic?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 20

Which is the correct explanation of the serial position effect

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 20

Which of these are criticisms of the msm

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 20

Craick and Lockhart (1972) proposed a different model to explain long lasting memories. If you process and think things through then you are more likely to remember them. This is called?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 20

Which of these are components of the WMM?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 20

Who made the working memory model?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 20

The Visuo-spatial sketch pad is used to plan out visual/spatial tasks. Information is stored temporarily here, as visual is what things look like and spatial is the relationship between things.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 20

The phonological loop directs attention to particular tasks and allocates components to it to determine where the information is stored. It controls the STM.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 20

What is the first stage of the cognitive interview?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 20

Which study was done by Kohnken et al (1999) to research the effectiveness of the CI

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 20

Which of these are verbal mnemonics

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 20

A mnemonic works by organising data so that you can establish links that help recall. The brain remembers new information by building associations among the most naturally fitting pieces of information.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 20

The amount of rehearsal is more important than the nature

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 20

Which of these studies show the effectiveness of mnemonics

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 20

Which of these are good points that show age effects accuracy

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 20

Who investigated the weapon focus effect by creating two conditions where participants overheard a loud conversation, and in condition 1 a man emerged from room with a pen and grease on his hands , and condition 2 the discussion was more heated and a man emerged with a paper knife covered in blood?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 20

Which of these is a study by Loftus and Palmer (1974)