Heidi Sherwood
Quiz by , created more than 1 year ago

Looking at the functions of the body: bones, tissues, neurons, muscles, blood, respiratory, circulatory, and digestive systems, and hormones.

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Heidi Sherwood
Created by Heidi Sherwood over 9 years ago
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Biology Exam 4

Question 1 of 60

1

Most voluntary movement in a vertebrate body is accomplished by:

Select one of the following:

  • Muscles pulsing in waves of contraction to change the shape of the organism

  • Muscles pushing against bones to force them apart

  • Muscles pushing against tubes filled with fluid

  • Muscles pulling bones to bring them closer together

Explanation

Question 2 of 60

1

Which statement best reflects how contraction of a muscle fiber is accomplished?

Select one of the following:

  • Calcium causes the actin fibers to contract

  • Calcium causes the myosin fibers to contract

  • Calcium and ATP cause both actin and myosin fibers to contract

  • ATP powers a sliding of actin fibers past myosin

Explanation

Question 3 of 60

1

How does the smooth muscle of blood vessels, stomach and intestine differ from skeletal muscle?

Select one of the following:

  • Smooth muscle is involuntary, skeletal muscle is voluntary

  • Smooth muscle is voluntary, skeletal muscle is involuntary

  • Only smooth muscle is controlled by nerve impulses

  • Skeletal muscle does not use calcium

Explanation

Question 4 of 60

1

What sort of a signal causes a skeletal muscle to contract?

Select one of the following:

  • An adjacent nerve cell releases an electrical signal

  • An adjacent nerve cell releases calcium

  • An adjacent nerve cell releases a chemical neurotransmitter

  • An adjacent nerve cell releases ATP

Explanation

Question 5 of 60

1

How does the circulatory system of a human compare with that of an insect?

Select one of the following:

  • The human has a closed system, the insect is open

  • Both the human and the insect are closed

  • The human has an open system, the insect is closed

Explanation

Question 6 of 60

1

Which of the following systems does not exchange with the circulatory system in vertebrates?

Select one of the following:

  • Digestive system

  • Respiratory system

  • Excretory system

  • Cells and interstitial fluid

  • All of these exchange with the circulatory system

Explanation

Question 7 of 60

1

Blood from the left ventricle goes:

Select one of the following:

  • To the left atrium

  • To the pulmonary artery and the lung

  • To the right ventricle

  • To the aorta and the body

  • To the right atrium

Explanation

Question 8 of 60

1

The bulk of oxygen in the blood is carried

Select one of the following:

  • Bound to the hemoglobin in the red blood cells

  • Dissolved in the cytoplasm of the red blood cells

  • Dissolved in the plasma

  • Bound to the hemoglobin in the plasma

Explanation

Question 9 of 60

1

Compare the speed of liquid flow in capillaries and the aorta

Select one of the following:

  • Faster in capillaries because they are narrower

  • Slower in capillaries because they are narrower

  • Faster in capillaries because the total diameter of all the capillaries is greater than the diameter of the aorta

  • Slower in capillaries because the total diameter of all the capillaries is greater than the diameter of the aorta

  • The same because the total volume of blood is constant

Explanation

Question 10 of 60

1

During countercurrent exchange in fish gills, where blood first enters the gills:

Select one of the following:

  • Oxygen-rich blood encounters oxygen-poor water

  • Oxygen-rich blood encounters oxygen-rich water

  • Oxygen-poor blood encounters oxygen-poor water

  • Oxygen-poor blood encounters oxygen-rich water

  • Oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood mix together with oxygen-rich water

Explanation

Question 11 of 60

1

The air sacks of the lung where gas exchange takes place are called:

Select one of the following:

  • Lacteal

  • Villi

  • Cecum

  • Alveoli

  • Trachea

Explanation

Question 12 of 60

1

Essential amino acids are

Select one of the following:

  • Those that are present in all body proteins

  • Those that are the most abundant in the body

  • Those that the body synthesizes

  • Those the body uses most

  • Those the body can not synthesize

Explanation

Question 13 of 60

1

Given an equal serving weight

Select one of the following:

  • Carbohydrates have more calories than fats

  • Fats have more calories than carbohydrates

  • Fats and carbohydrates have the same calorie content

Explanation

Question 14 of 60

1

The digestion of starch begins

Select one of the following:

  • In the mouth

  • In the stomach

  • In the duodenum

  • In the small intestine

  • In the large intestine

Explanation

Question 15 of 60

1

The pH of the stomach is:

Select one of the following:

  • Highly acidic

  • Highly basic

  • Neutral (pH about 7)

Explanation

Question 16 of 60

1

How is glucose concentration in the blood regulated?

Select one of the following:

  • When the concentration is high, insulin causes glucose to be removed from the blood

  • When the concentration is low, insulin causes glucose to be removed from the blood

  • When the concentration is high, insulin causes glucose to be added to the blood

  • When the concentration is low, insulin causes glucose to be added to the blood

Explanation

Question 17 of 60

1

What mechanisms are not used in the production of urine by the mammalian kidney?

Select one of the following:

  • Pressure filtration

  • Reabsorption of water

  • Selective reabsorption of salts

  • All of these are used in the production of urine

Explanation

Question 18 of 60

1

In most circumstances, how does the solute (salts and urea) concentration of mammalian urine in the bladder compare with that of blood entering the kidney?

Select one of the following:

  • The solute concentration in the urine is higher

  • The solute concentration in the urine is lower

  • The solute concentration in the urine is about the same as in the blood

Explanation

Question 19 of 60

1

Which of the following pathways is the most common in the nervous system?

Select one of the following:

  • Sensory neuron --> motor neuron --> interneuron

  • Sensory neuron --> interneuron --> motor neuron

  • Motor neuron --> sensory neuron --> interneuron

  • Motor neuron --> interneuron --> sensory neuron

  • Interneuron --> sensory neuron --> motor neuron

Explanation

Question 20 of 60

1

What is the correct path for the flow of the signal in a single neuron?

Select one of the following:

  • Synaptic terminal (release neurotransmitter) --> dendrite --> axon

  • Axon --> synaptic terminal (release neurotransmitter) --> dendrive

  • Synaptic terminal (release neurotransmitter) --> axon --> dendrite

  • Dendrite --> synaptic terminal (release neurotransmitter) --> axon

  • Dendrite --> axon --> synaptic terminal (release neurotransmitter)

Explanation

Question 21 of 60

1

Nervous signals are carried along the axon by a wave of depolarization and between nerve cells by neurotransmitters

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 60

1

Automatic functions like breathing and digestion are controlled by the

Select one of the following:

  • Medulla oblongata

  • Cerebral cortex

  • Cerebellum

Explanation

Question 23 of 60

1

Which of the following is NOT true concerning steroid hormones?

Select one of the following:

  • Testosterone and estrogen are examples

  • The receptors for them are within the target cell

  • They are composed of animo acids and the receptors are on the cell surface

  • THeir ultimate purpose is to activate transcription of specific genes

  • They are related to cholesterol in structure

Explanation

Question 24 of 60

1

Which (if any) of the following is not part of the human endocrine system?

Select one of the following:

  • Hypothalamus and pituitary

  • Adrenal glands

  • Ovaries (in females)

  • Testes (in males)

  • All of these are part of the human endocrine system

Explanation

Question 25 of 60

1

Bone is:

Select one of the following:

  • A living dynamic tissue that is being constantly remodeled

  • A dead, fully formed tissue that is being constantly remodeled

  • A dead, fully formed tissue that is not being remodeled

  • A living dynamic tissue that is not being remodeled

Explanation

Question 26 of 60

1

Nervous tissue is tissue that specializes in conducting signals

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 27 of 60

1

Check all that are parts of the nervous tissue

Select one or more of the following:

  • Neurons (cells specialized for signal transduction)

  • Cartilage (firm but flexible connective tissue)

  • Gliel cells (support the neuron)

  • Myofilaments (composed of actin and myosin)

Explanation

Question 28 of 60

1

Myosin and actin are not proteins

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 29 of 60

1

When talking about neurons, which is the order of the signals?

Select one of the following:

  • Electrical signal --> chemical signal --> electrical signal

  • Electrical signal --> electrical signal --> chemical signal

  • Chemical signal --> electrical signal --> electrical signal

  • Chemical signal --> electrical signal --> chemical signal

Explanation

Question 30 of 60

1

In the neuron, the axon receives the signal

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 31 of 60

1

The sensory neurons:

Select one of the following:

  • Take the signals from the environment to the brain

  • Connect the sensory neurons to the motor neurons.

  • Take signals from the brain and propagate them toward the muscles.

Explanation

Question 32 of 60

1

Interneurons:

Select one of the following:

  • Take the signals from the environment to the brain

  • Connect the sensory neurons to the motor neurons.

  • Take signals from the brain and propagate them toward the muscles.

Explanation

Question 33 of 60

1

Motor neurons:

Select one of the following:

  • Take the signals from the environment to the brain

  • Connect the sensory neurons to the motor neurons

  • Take signals from the brain and propagate them toward the muscles

Explanation

Question 34 of 60

1

Smooth muscle

Select one of the following:

  • Is involuntary

  • Is voluntary

Explanation

Question 35 of 60

1

Check all that are apply to smooth muscles

Select one or more of the following:

  • Include blood vessels

  • Include the intestinal track

  • Include the stomach

  • Are in the heart

  • Are related to moving the bones in the body

  • Are involuntary

  • Are voluntary

Explanation

Question 36 of 60

1

There are three general functions of the circulatory system

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 37 of 60

1

What is the cycle of blood?

Select one of the following:

  • Heart --> body --> heart --> lungs

  • heart--> body --> lungs --> heart

Explanation

Question 38 of 60

1

Arteries:

Select one of the following:

  • Direct the blood away from the heart

  • Direct the blood to the heart

Explanation

Question 39 of 60

1

Veins:

Select one of the following:

  • Direct the blood away from the heart

  • Direct the blood to the heart

Explanation

Question 40 of 60

1

The circulatory system transports nutrients, minerals, oxygen, and waste throughout the body

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 41 of 60

1

Cells do not need O2 to produce ATP

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 42 of 60

1

What is the principle function of red blood cells?

Select one of the following:

  • To carry oxygen

  • For defense

  • For clotting

Explanation

Question 43 of 60

1

What is the principle function of white blood cells?

Select one of the following:

  • To carry oxygen

  • For defense

  • For clotting

Explanation

Question 44 of 60

1

What is the principle function of platelets?

Select one of the following:

  • To carry oxygen

  • For defense

  • For clotting

Explanation

Question 45 of 60

1

Blood is composed of two things: cells and plasma

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 46 of 60

1

Where does the major exchange of CO2 and O2 take place?

Select one of the following:

  • The respiratory system

  • The circulatory system

  • The digestive system

Explanation

Question 47 of 60

1

In the digestive system, where does the major absorption occur?

Select one of the following:

  • The small intestines

  • The large intestines

  • The stomach

  • The esophogas

  • None of these

Explanation

Question 48 of 60

1

The large intestine is the last step in the digestion process

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 49 of 60

1

A hormone is a signaling molecule which elicits a psysiological response

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 50 of 60

1

Hormones are not diverse

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 51 of 60

1

When blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas releases

Select one of the following:

  • insulin

  • glucagon

Explanation

Question 52 of 60

1

Muscles:

Select one of the following:

  • work by pulling bones closer together and work in opposing pairs

  • work by pushing bones further apart and work in opposing pairs

Explanation

Question 53 of 60

1

In muscle contraction:

Select one of the following:

  • Myocin is at the center and actin is on the outskirts, and they slide past each other.

  • Actin is at the center and myocin is on the outskirts, and they slide past eacho ther.

Explanation

Question 54 of 60

1

Which would you expect to represent the greatest biomass in an ecosystem?

Select one of the following:

  • Producers

  • Primary consumers

  • Tertiary consumers

  • Equal in all 3 of these

Explanation

Question 55 of 60

1

Carbon cycles back and forth between living and nonliving forms by:

Select one of the following:

  • Photosynthesis only

  • Respiration only

  • Photosynthesis and respiration

Explanation

Question 56 of 60

1

Nitrogen can be acquired from atmospheric gas for biological processes by:

Select one of the following:

  • Only bacteria

  • Bacteria and plants

  • Bacteria and fungi

  • All living organisms

Explanation

Question 57 of 60

1

The greatest biodiversity can be expected to occur in:

Select one of the following:

  • Tropical rainforest

  • Savanna

  • Desert

  • Grasslands

  • Conifer

Explanation

Question 58 of 60

1

Which (if any) of the following does not influence climate?

Select one of the following:

  • Latitude

  • Elevation

  • Geography

  • Ocean currents

  • All of these can have an effect on climate

Explanation

Question 59 of 60

1

In freshwater ponds, seasonal temperature changes cause spring and fall overturns that redistribute nutrients.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 60 of 60

1

A tundra-like region can be found:

Select one of the following:

  • Only at the poles

  • At the equator

  • Any arid region

  • Sub-polar and high altitude

Explanation

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