NMS Set 4 Quiz - The somatic, autonomic and enteric nervous systems.

Question 1 of 47

1

What is important about the lateral horn in relation to motor function?

Select one of the following:

It is the part of the spinal cord where motor output originates from the autonomic nervous system
It carries ascending signals to the brain
It is the part of the spinal cord where sensory input travels from the periphery to the motor cortex

Explanation

Question 2 of 47

1

What is the joining of the sensory and motor fibres called (shown by the green circle)?

Select one of the following:

Spinal nerve
Hybrid nerve
Hybrid root
Dorsal root ganglion

Explanation

Question 3 of 47

1

The spinal cord exists between which spinal levels?

Select one of the following:

C1 to L2
C2 to L1
C2 to S5
C1 to S5

Explanation

Question 4 of 47

1

How many spinal nerves are there in total?

Select one of the following:

31
30
25
60

Explanation

Question 5 of 47

1

How many cervical spinal nerves are there?

Select one of the following:

8
5
6
7

Explanation

Question 6 of 47

1

How many thoracic spinal nerves are there?

Select one of the following:

12
10
14
9

Explanation

Question 7 of 47

1

How many lumbar spinal nerves are there?

Select one of the following:

5
10
12
3

Explanation

Question 8 of 47

1

How many sacral spinal nerves are there?

Select one of the following:

5
4
8
12

Explanation

Question 9 of 47

1

How many coccygeal spinal nerves are there?

Select one of the following:

1
2
5
4

Explanation

Question 10 of 47

1

The cervical plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?

Select one of the following:

C1-C5
C5-T1
L1-L4
L4-S4

Explanation

Question 11 of 47

1

The brachial plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?

Select one of the following:

C1-C5
C5-T1
L1-L4
L4-S4

Explanation

Question 12 of 47

1

The lumbar plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?

Select one of the following:

C1-C5
C5-T1
L1-L4
L4-S4

Explanation

Question 13 of 47

1

The sacral plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?

Select one of the following:

C1-C5
C5-T1
L1-L4
L4-S4

Explanation

Question 14 of 47

1

A dermatome is what?

Select one of the following:

An area of skin with single spinal nerve innervation
An area of muscle with single spinal nerve innervation
An area of muscle with dual spinal nerve innervation
An area of skin with dual spinal nerve innervation

Explanation

Question 15 of 47

1

A myotome is what?

Select one of the following:

An area of skin with single spinal nerve innervation
An area of skin with dual spinal nerve innervation
An area of muscle with single spinal nerve innervation
An area of muscle with dual spinal nerve innervation

Explanation

Question 16 of 47

1

Chickenpox may reactivate as shingles and effect particular spinal nerves, causing a rash that maps to a particular area of skin that the relevant nerve innervates (dermatome).

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 17 of 47

1

What does the red question mark show?

Select one of the following:

Central sulcus
Lateral sulcus
Occipital sulcus
Post-central gyrus

Explanation

Question 18 of 47

1

What does the purple question mark show?

Select one of the following:

Central sulcus
Lateral sulcus
Parieto-occipital sulcus
Longitudinal fissure

Explanation

Question 19 of 47

1

What does the orange question mark show?

Select one of the following:

Parieto-occipital sulcus
Lateral sulcus
Posterior sulcus
Longitudinal fissure

Explanation

Question 20 of 47

1

What is the most common neurotransmitter found at post-ganglionic neurones of the sympathetic nervous system?

Select one of the following:

Noradrenaline
Acetylcholine
Glutamate
Vasopressin

Explanation

Question 21 of 47

1

What is the most common neurotransmitter found at post-ganglionic neurones of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Select one of the following:

Glutamate
Acetylcholine
Noradrenaline
Adrenaline

Explanation

Question 22 of 47

1

Stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract by parasympathetic nerve fibres helps to increase gut motility.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 23 of 47

1

What routes can a pre-ganglionic sympathetic neuron take?

Select one or more of the following:

Travel through the white ramus communicans and ascend the sympathetic chain where it will synapse in the sympathetic ganglion at a higher level
Travel through the white ramus communicans and descend the sympathetic chain where it will synapse in the sympathetic ganglion at a lower level
Travel through the white ramus communicans and synapse in the sympathetic ganglion at the same level
Travel through the white ramus communicans and pass through the sympathetic ganglion without synapsing

Explanation

Question 24 of 47

1

Most organs are dual innervated by both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. They always have antagonistic effects to one another.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 25 of 47

1

In some organs that are innervated exclusively by the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system, how is autonomic activity regulated?

Select one of the following:

Like a volume control
Parasympathetic hormones circulate in the blood to counter sympathetic effects and vice versa

Explanation

Question 26 of 47

1

What is meant by diffuse neurotransmission? Where does it occur?

Select one or more of the following:

Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
A single neuron branches into many varicosities which contain neurotransmitter that can be released to co-ordinate widespread effects
A single neuron releases neurotransmitter that causes an effect in one particular target

Explanation

Question 27 of 47

1

Sympathetic activity causes vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle blood vessels.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 28 of 47

1

Post-ganglionic neurons that innervate sweat glands, part of the sympathetic nervous system, release Noradrenaline to stimulate sweat glands.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 29 of 47

1

The SNS and PNS have an antagonistic effect on the same muscle which causes pupillary dilation and constriction respectively.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 30 of 47

1

What receptors does Ach act at?

Select one or more of the following:

Muscarinic
Nicotinic
Adrenergic
Monoaminergic

Explanation

Question 31 of 47

1

What receptor does noradrenaline act at?

Select one or more of the following:

Nicotinic
Muscarinic
Adrenergic
Monoaminergic

Explanation

Question 32 of 47

1

Name the agonists of muscarinic receptors

Select one or more of the following:

Pilocarpine
Ach
Bethanechol
Atropine
Hyoscine
Tropicamide

Explanation

Question 33 of 47

1

Name the competitive antagonists of muscarinic receptors

Select one or more of the following:

Atropine
Hyoscine
Tropicamide
Ach
Pilocarpine
Bethanechol

Explanation

Question 34 of 47

1

Name a non-competitive antagonist at nicotinic receptors

Select one of the following:

Hexamethonium
Pilocarpine
Atropine
Aliskiren

Explanation

Question 35 of 47

1

Noradrenaline binding at alpha adrenoreceptors causes vasoconstriction.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 36 of 47

1

The heart contains beta 1 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the heart?

Select one or more of the following:

Increased heart rate
Increased contractility
Decreased heart rate
Decreased contractility

Explanation

Question 37 of 47

1

The lungs contains beta 2 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the lung?

Select one of the following:

Bronchodilation
Bronchoconstriction

Explanation

Question 38 of 47

1

Blood vessels may contain beta 2 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the blood vessels?

Select one of the following:

Vasodilation
Vasoconstriction

Explanation

Question 39 of 47

1

The bladder contains beta 3 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the bladder?

Select one of the following:

Relaxation
Contraction

Explanation

Question 40 of 47

1

What myenteric plexus is found between which two layers of the gastrointestinal tract?

Select one or more of the following:

Mucosa
Circular muscle
Longitudinal muscle

Explanation

Question 41 of 47

1

What submucosal plexus is found between which two layers of the gastrointestinal tract?

Select one or more of the following:

Mucosa
Circular muscle
Longitudinal muscle

Explanation

Question 42 of 47

1

The myenteric plexus is the co-ordinator of muscular reflexes such as peristalsis.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 43 of 47

1

What excitatory neurotransmitters help to contract the gut in peristalsis (green question mark)?

Select one or more of the following:

Substance P
Ach
NO
VIP
ATP

Explanation

Question 44 of 47

1

What inhibitory neurotransmitters help to relax the gut in peristalsis (red question mark)?

Select one or more of the following:

Substance P
Ach
VIP
NO
ATP

Explanation

Question 45 of 47

1

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