Building blocks of rocks.

Composed of one or more minerals.

Also known as volcanic rocks.

Also known as molten rocks.

The Greek God of Underworld

_____ came from the Latin word ignis which means _____

Rocks are classified by _____

The process of _______ may occur either beneath the earth’s surface or following volcanic eruption at the surface.

1. When molten rocks solidify at the surface
2. When molten rocks loses mobility before reaching the surface and crystallizes at depth

Igneous Rocks can be categorized based on their _____ and ________

Describes the overall appearance of the igneous rocks based on their size, shape, and arrangement of the interlocking crystals

depends on the rate of cooling.

Consists of large crystals that are clearly visible to the eye (slow rate of cooling)
Give example.

Consists of small crystals that cannot be seen by the eye (fast rate of cooling)
Give example.

Consist of two minerals having a large difference in grain size.
(two rates of cooling)
Give example.

Non-crystalline and contain no mineral grains (very fast rate of cooling)
Give example.

Larger grain of porphyritic
Finer grain of porphyritic

Gas pockets

are usually made up of the light colored silicate minerals like Potassium feldspar and quartz.

The "fel" and "sic" in Felsic Rocks refers to..

Example of Felsic Rocks

Used to describe rocks that are usually dark in color

Example of Mafic Rocks

Contain a mixture of both light and dark-colored minerals

Example of Andesitic Rocks

Contain mostly dark-colored minerals

Example of Ultramafic

occurs when files of sediments accumulate and the materials below are compacted by the weight of the overlying layers

Example of Compaction

the water that seeps through pore spaces between particles may contain cementing materials

Common cements

formed from the accumulation of materials that originated from pre-existing rocks and was transported in the form of sediments as a result of mechanical and chemical weathering.

Sediment name of Shale

Particle size of Siltstone

Detrital name of Gravel

come from pre-existing rocks such as igneous, sedimentary, or even metamorphic rocks

Composition and rock name of the formula SiO2

Formula and composition of Gypsum Rock

Rock name and composition of CaCO3

Metamorphic rocks described primarily by their ______ and ______

Causes chemical reactions that result in recrystallization of existing minerals and/or formation of new minerals

Most important agent of Metamorphism

the process of transformation of a parent rock

causes the spaces between mineral grains in the buried rocks to close, producing more compact rock with higher density

they act as catalysts to promote crystallization by enhancing ion migration that may change the composition of the rock

3 agents of metamorphism

results in the mineral alignment perpendicular to the compressional force and usually gives the rock a layered or banded appearance.

is a finely grained rock composed mostly of mica and produced through the low-grade metamorphism of shale.

is a strongly foliated rock and described as platy meaning, the rock’s crystals are thin and leaf-like". Its types are based on composition.

is a strong segregation of silicate minerals and exhibits a "banded" texture (alternating layers of light and dark minerals like granite.

forms from quartz sandstone (parent rock); quartz grains are fused.

results when limestone (parent rock) is metamorphosed. There are large, interlocking crystals of calcite and is used as a building stone and has
variety of colors.

contains equidimensional crystals and resembles a coarse-grained igneous rock

A source of energy from flowing water.

These are any source or supply that can be used to generate electricity

2 types of energy resources

It is often called clean energy

made of the manufacturing processes required to transform a resource to usable energy and to the impact using that energy itself.

Energy is released through _____

used to generate electricity from the wind. The wind turns the large blades and the blades turn a generator.

- uses energy from the sun. Solar panels transfer the sun’s energy to heat water.

is energy from the heat within the earth.

Those energy resources that deplete and will not be replenished

Is the most sought-after energy source due to its availability and it is relatively inexpensive

Coal reserve could be up to _________ with a potential total of __________

Largest deposit of coal in the Philippines is found in

Is formed when the organic matter is compacted (removing the moisture) with subsequent burial

Is formed with further burial and additional heat and pressure

Considered as soft coal

A type of coal that Needs greater heat and pressure at depth

Forms from the remains of ancient microorganisms, as well as plant and animal matter.

The process of drilling is called ____ which involves a procedure that uses high-pressured water to split apart underground rocks.

liquid form of natural gas

Largest natural gas reserve is concentrated in _________

Comes from the Latin words “petra” and oleum, which means “rock and “oil”, respectively.

The source of petroleum

A waxy material formed by diatoms

A black tar-like substance
Comprises the heaviest component of petroleum

The process of breaking carbon-carbon bonds in order to change heavier hydrocarbons into lighter ones

includes LPG, naphtha, and gasoline

includes kerosene and diesel.

includes fuel oil, lubricating oil, waxes and tar.

Largest oil reserve is concentrated in _______

Promotes the development, utilization, and commercialization of renewable energy resources to achieve self-reliance and effectively prevent and reduce harmful emissions in order to have a balance of economic growth and development with ecologically-friendly environment.

Focuses primarily on pollution prevention rather than on control, and provides for a comprehensive management program for air pollution

Used to harness heat energy released from underground steam and hot springs to spin turbines which generate electricity.

RA 9275

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR AN ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM, CREATING THE NECESSARY INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS AND INCENTIVES, DECLARING CERTAIN ACTS PROHIBITED AND PROVIDING PENALTIES, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

top 8 biggest powerplant which has 289 MW

Where is Mak-Ban powerplant located?

It is a powerplant located in Ormoc City