Dodong Aleta
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The Structure of Atoms

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5. The Structure of Atoms

5. The Structure of Atoms

Question 1 of 40

1

He found that passing electric current through some substances caused them to decompose, suggesting that the elements of a chemical compound are held together by electrical forces.

Select one of the following:

  • Humphry Davy

  • Michael Faraday

  • George Stoney

  • J.J. Thompson

Explanation

Question 2 of 40

1

He determined the quantitative relationship between the amount of electricity used in electrolysis and the amount of chemical reactions occurring.

Select one of the following:

  • Humphry Davy

  • Michael Faraday

  • George Stoney

  • J.J. Thompson

Explanation

Question 3 of 40

1

He suggested that the units of electrical charge associated with atoms be named electrons.

Select one of the following:

  • Humphry Davy

  • Michael Faraday

  • George Stoney

  • J.J. Thompson

Explanation

Question 4 of 40

1

He performed the cathode-ray tube experiment and determined the ratio of the charge of the electron to its mass, which is 1.75882x10^8 Coulomb/gram.

Select one of the following:

  • Humphry Davy

  • Michael Faraday

  • George Stoney

  • J.J. Thompson

Explanation

Question 5 of 40

1

He determined the charge of the electron through the famous "oil-drop experiment," in which he found that the charge of one electron was 1.60218x10^-19 Coulomb.

Select one of the following:

  • J.J. Thompson

  • Robert Millikan

  • Eugen Goldstein

  • Ernest Rutherford

Explanation

Question 6 of 40

1

He observed that the cathode-ray tube also produced positively charged particles, created when gaseous atoms lose electrons. This led to the idea of a unit positive charge residing in the proton.

Select one of the following:

  • J.J. Thompson

  • Robert Millikan

  • Eugen Goldstein

  • Ernest Rutherford

Explanation

Question 7 of 40

1

He discovered through the gold foil experiment that atoms consists of very small, very dense positively charged nuclei surrounded by clouds of electrons of relatively large distances from the nuclei.

Select one of the following:

  • J.J. Thompson

  • Robert Millikan

  • Eugen Goldstein

  • Ernest Rutherford

Explanation

Question 8 of 40

1

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines its identity; this number is known as the __.

Select one of the following:

  • atomic mass

  • atomic number

  • mass number

  • nucleon number

Explanation

Question 9 of 40

1

These are atoms of the same element with different masses; they are atoms containing the same number of protons but different numbers of protons.

Select one of the following:

  • Allotropes

  • Isomers

  • Isotopes

  • Stereoisomers

Explanation

Question 10 of 40

1

It is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

Select one of the following:

  • Atomic Mass

  • Atomic Number

  • Mass Number

  • Nucleon Number

Explanation

Question 11 of 40

1

These are instruments that measure the charge-to-mass ratio of charged particles.

Select one of the following:

  • Chromatographs

  • Electron Microscopes

  • Mass Spectrometers

  • This technology does not yet exist.

Explanation

Question 12 of 40

1

The Group 1A of the elements, except H, are called the __.

Select one of the following:

  • alkali metals

  • alkaline earth metals

  • halogens

  • noble (or rare) gases

Explanation

Question 13 of 40

1

The Group 2A elements are called the __.

Select one of the following:

  • alkali metals

  • alkaline earth metals

  • halogens

  • noble (or rare) gases

Explanation

Question 14 of 40

1

Group 7A elements are called __, which means "salt formers."

Select one of the following:

  • alkali metals

  • alkaline earth metals

  • halogens

  • noble (or rare) gases

Explanation

Question 15 of 40

1

The Group 8A elements are called __.

Select one of the following:

  • alkali metals

  • alkaline earth metals

  • halogens

  • noble (or rare) gases

Explanation

Question 16 of 40

1

__ character increases from top to bottom, and decreases from left to right. The opposite is the trend for __.

Select one of the following:

  • Metallic
    nonmetallc

  • Nonmetallic
    metallic

  • This question does not make sense.

  • This will never be asked in the November 2015 board exam.

Explanation

Question 17 of 40

1

__ show some properties that are characteristic of both metals and nonmetals. Many of these elements are semiconductors.

Select one of the following:

  • Metals

  • Nonmetals

  • Metalloids

  • Noble gases

Explanation

Question 18 of 40

1

Semiconductors are insulators at __ temperatures, but conductors at __ temperatures.

Select one of the following:

  • higher
    lower

  • lower
    higher

  • varying
    varying

  • any
    any

Explanation

Question 19 of 40

1

The conductivities of metals __ with __ temperature.

Select one of the following:

  • increase
    decreasing

  • decrease
    increasing

  • increase
    increasing

  • decrease
    decreasing

Explanation

Question 20 of 40

1

__ is the least metallic of the metals and is sometimes classified as a metalloid. It is metallic in appearance and an excellent conductor of electricity.

Select one of the following:

  • Aluminum

  • Barium

  • Gallium

  • Silicon

Explanation

Question 21 of 40

1

The __ is the distance between any two adjacent identical points of a wave.

Select one of the following:

  • amplitude

  • frequency

  • wavelength

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 22 of 40

1

The __ is the number of wave crests passing a given point per unit time.

Select one of the following:

  • amplitude

  • frequency

  • wavelength

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 23 of 40

1

Wavelength and frequency are __ proportional to each other.

Select one of the following:

  • directly

  • inversely

  • irregularly

  • Scientists have not yet discovered the answer.

Explanation

Question 24 of 40

1

It is a form of energy that consists of electric and magnetic fields that vary repetitively at right angles to each other.

Select one of the following:

  • Electrical energy

  • Electromagnetic radiation

  • Heat

  • Kinetic energy

Explanation

Question 25 of 40

1

It was __ that first recorded the separation of sunlight into its component colors by allowing it to pass through a glass prism.

Select one of the following:

  • Albert Einstein

  • Isaac Newton

  • J.J. Thompson

  • Michael Faraday

Explanation

Question 26 of 40

1

It is a region in space which the probability of finding an electron is high.

Select one of the following:

  • Atomic orbital

  • Nuclear orbital

  • Electronic region

  • Nuclear region

Explanation

Question 27 of 40

1

Each of the possible states of electrons is described by four quantum numbers. We can use theses quantum numbers to designate electronic arrangements in all atoms, their so-called __.

Select one of the following:

  • electron configurations

  • electron orbitals

  • electron cloud

  • periodic arrangement

Explanation

Question 28 of 40

1

This quantum number describes the main energy level, or shell, that an electron occupies. It may be any positive integer: 1, 2, 3, 4, ...

Select one of the following:

  • Principal quantum number (m)

  • Angular momentum quantum number (l)

  • Magnetic quantum number (m_l)

  • Spin quantum number (m_s)

Explanation

Question 29 of 40

1

Within a shell, different sublevels or subshells are possible, each with a characteristic shape. This quantum number designates a sublevel, or specific shape of atomic orbital that an electron may occupy. This number may take integral values from 0 up to and including (n-1): 0, 1, 2, ... , (n-1)

Select one of the following:

  • Principal quantum number (n)

  • Angular momentum quantum number (l)

  • Magnetic quantum number (m_l)

  • Spin quantum number (m_s)

Explanation

Question 30 of 40

1

This quantum number designates a specific orbital within a subshell. Within each subshell, it may take any integral values from -l through zero up to and including +l: (-l), ..., 0, ..., (+l)

Select one of the following:

  • Principal quantum number (n)

  • Angular momentum quantum number (l)

  • Magnetic quantum number (m_l)

  • Spin quantum number (m_s)

Explanation

Question 31 of 40

1

This quantum number refers to the spin of an electron and the orientation of the magnetic field produced by this spin. For every set of quantum numbers (except this one), it can take the value of +1/2 or -1/2.

Select one of the following:

  • Principal quantum number (n)

  • Angular momentum quantum number (l)

  • Magnetic quantum number (m_l)

  • Spin quantum number (m_s)

Explanation

Question 32 of 40

1

It corresponds to the electron configuration of an isolated atom in its lowest energy or unexcited state.

Select one of the following:

  • Combined state

  • Ground state

  • Stable state

  • Steady state

Explanation

Question 33 of 40

1

Each atom of an element is "built-up" by (1) progressively adding the appropriate number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus as specified by the atomic and mass numbers, and (2) adding the necessary number of electrons into orbitals in the way that gives the lowest total energy for the atom.

Select one of the following:

  • Aufbau Principle

  • Pauli Exclusion Principle

  • Hund's Rule

  • Periodic Law

Explanation

Question 34 of 40

1

No two electrons in an atom may have identical sets of four quantum numbers.

Select one of the following:

  • Aufbau Principle

  • Pauli Exclusion Principle

  • Hund's Rule

  • Periodic Law

Explanation

Question 35 of 40

1

Electrons occupy all the orbitals of a given subshell singly before paring begins. These unpaired electrons have parallel spins.

Select one of the following:

  • Aufbau Principle

  • Pauli Exclusion Principle

  • Hund's Rule

  • Periodic Law

Explanation

Question 36 of 40

1

Substances that contain unpaired electrons are weakly attracted into magnetic fields and are said to be __.

Select one of the following:

  • diamagnetic

  • ferromagnetic

  • metamagnetic

  • paramagnetic

Explanation

Question 37 of 40

1

Those which all electrons are paired are very weakly repelled by magnetic fields, and are called __.

Select one of the following:

  • diamagnetic

  • ferromagnetic

  • metamagnetic

  • paramagnetic

Explanation

Question 38 of 40

1

__ is much stronger than paramagnetism, such that it allows a substance to become permanently magnetized when placed in a magnetic field. Only three free elements exhibit this.

Select one of the following:

  • Diamagnetism

  • Ferromagnetism

  • Metamagnetism

  • Paramagnetism

Explanation

Question 39 of 40

1

It is an assembly of two protons and two neutrons.

Select one of the following:

  • Alpha Particle

  • Beta Particle

  • Gamma Particle

  • Higgs-Boson Particle

Explanation

Question 40 of 40

1

These are two or more orbitals that have the same energy.

Select one of the following:

  • Degenerate orbitals

  • Isoelectronic orbitals

  • Isokinetic orbitals

  • Regenerative orbitals

Explanation

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