Bio core questions, 04: Flow of matter in living systems (Gas exchange, circulation and diffusion).

What are the levels of organisation in living
organisms, starting from the smallest?

Why do many multicellular organisms need transport systems?

Write the equation for the rate of diffusion

What is the concentration gradient?

What is equilibrium?

Why does equilibrium cause a problem for cells?

Name 4 specialised surfaces for exchange in humans

What 3 features do all humans specialised surfaces for exchange have to increase the rate of diffusion?

Explain the meaning of surface area: volume

Explain why SA:V is an important restrictor on the shape of organisms

What is the equation for calculating the surface area of a cube?

What is the equation for calculating the volume of a cube?

What is the equation for calculating surface area to volume ratio?

Draw a diagram of the human gas exchange system

What organs does air pass through (in order) when breathing in?

Name two organs found in the thorax cavity

What is the mechanism for breathing in?

What is the mechanism for breathing out?

What is the function of the rings of cartilage found in the trachea and bronchi?

What is the function of breathing?

Name four adaptation of the alveolus (and it’s capillaries) that allow quick gas exchange

Name the gases that are exchanged in the alveolus and in what direction they diffuse

What is the function of increasing the breathing rate during exercise?

Why does a faster breathing rate increase the rate of exchange in the alveoli?