17. Main fields of genetic engineering

Human Genome Project: it was founded in 1990 with the objective of sequencing the whole amount of genes that chromosomes have
Genographic Project: it was created National Geographic Society and IBM to obtain the biggest DNA collection to know how the world was populated
Forensic technology: this technology allows the identification of lost people, criminal's suspects and victims, among others and the determination of the molecular fingerprint will be the key of the forensic investigations since it allows the obtention of proofs from blood, hair…
Medical investigation: it includes the use of transgenic animals to create organs that can be transplanted and genic therapy, which consists on replace an “ill” gene for its healthy allele
Food industry: it includes the improve in the efficiency of process in which microorganisms are involved and the creation of foods with special characteristics
Pharmaceutical industry: it employs the medicines and vaccines created by bacteria that have been implanted with a human gene and transgenic organisms
Agriculture and livestock: In agriculture, improved plants that grow faster can resist harder conditions are used, whereas in livestock thanks to biotechnology animals that can produce more milk and meat are used
Environment: it uses genetically modified organisms to transform contaminants into not toxic substances (bioremediation) and generate biodegradable materials from renewable resources

	Created by Nacho López Mouriño almost 3 years ago

Note on Unit 4 DNA, created by Nacho López Mouriño on 01/02/2022.

Unit 4 DNA