SALMONELLOSIS
Aetiology:

Important cause of d+
- Particularly when calves are brought together from variety of sources and
- Raised intensively on milk replacer diets
Common isotopes:
- S. typhimurium
- S. dublin
Studies show —> ~5% cattle shed
Herd level risk factors:
- Access to surface water
- Disposal of manure in liquid from on pasture used for grazing
- Eating forage from fields where manure has been applied
Shedding of organism in high numbers from carrier + poor management (crowding, dirty etc) —> naive cattle affected
BVDV increases risk
Recovered adult animals can become carriers

4 syndromes:

Acute, chronic, or carrier intestinal infections shed organisms —> faecal-oral route
Peracute or acute often septicaemia —> shed organisms from other secretions
AGE: 7-10 days old
Incubation 12-24 hours

CLINICAL SIGNS:

Peracute septicaemic infection:

So acute and fatal!!!! —> few clinical signs:
- Diarrhoea
- Depression
- Dullness
- Early high fever 40.5 to 42C
- Abdominal distension
With S dublin calves may also show nervous signs of
- Incoordination
- Nystagmus
Death usually occurs within 24-48hrs

Acute infection:

Chronic infection:

DIAGNOSIS:

Isolation of the organism + history and clinical signs

Faecal cultures to identify S. typhurium
Faecal, blood, transtracheal or lung tissue may be necessary to isolate S. Dublin
Peracute deaths —> necropsied —> samples of ilium, caecum, or colon

TREATMENT:

Fluid therapy
Whole blood transfusion in valuable animal
Antibiotic therapy:
- ONLY to calves with parachute or acute signs
- Mild-chronic infections do not benefit
- Culture and sensitivie —> ceftiofur, TMS
- 5-7 days
Single in of csts or flunixine IV + fluids

CONTROL:

	Created by jamie.mae about 9 years ago

NAVLE Veterinary Studies (Cattle) Note on Salmonellosis - calf diarrhoea, created by jamie.mae on 01/10/2015.