an arrangement, set, or collection of things or related in such a manner as to form an entirety or whole

an arrangement of physical components connected or related un such a manner as to form and/or act as an entire unit

is an arrangement of physical components connected or related in such a manner as to command, direct, or regulate itself or another system

the stimulus, excitation or command applied to a control system, typically from an external energy source, usually in order to produce a specified response from the control system

actual response obtained from a control system

may or may not be equal to the specified response implied by the input

a control system that is part of a larger system, its inputs and outputs may then be internal variables of the larger system

the quantity responsible for activating the system to produce the output

one in which the control action is independent of the output

one in which the control action is somehow dependent on the output

to establish or reestablish the input-output relation to obtain a desired system accuracy

their ability to perform accurately is determined by their calibration

they are not usually troubled with problems of instability

a concept to be subsequently discussed in detail

any physical system which does not automatically correct for variation in its input

control system that is sensitive to disturbances

control system that does not measure anything

Any physical system which does automatically correct for
variation in its output

The output is constantly monitored and adjusted to the
required value by the system

that property of a closed-loop system which permits the output t (controlled variable) to be compared
with the input to the system so that appropriate action may
be formed

closed-loop control systems are more commonly called ________

shorthand, pictorial representation of the
cause-and-effect relationship between the input and output
of a physical system.

it provides a convenient and useful method for characterizing the functional relationships among the various components of a control system

System components are alternatively called _____ of the system

simplest form of block diagram

contains the description or
mathematical operation to be performed

represent the direction of information or signal flow

a small circle with the appropriate plus or minus sign associated with the arrows entering the circle that represents addition and subtraction

allows same signal or variable be an input
to more than one block or summing point

Permits the signal to proceed unaltered along several
different paths to several destinations

system controlled by feedback control system

output variable of the plant under the control of the feedback control system

transmission from summing point to controlled output

components of forward path that
generates the control signal applied to the plant

output signal of the feed forward elements

transmission path from controlled output back to summing point

establish functional relationship between
controlled output and primary feedback signal

external signal applied to the control system
usually at the first summing point
represents ideal/desired plant output behavior

function of the controlled output,
algebraically summed with the reference input to obtain error signal

reference input signal plus or minus the
primary feedback signal

generated by the actuating signal in a feedback control system

means the summing point is a subtractor

means the summing point is a adder

sinusoidal + exponential decay

for complex frequency and signal analysis
special case of laplace transform (sinusoidal)

reduce differential equation to an
algebraic expression

convert function from time domain to
laplace domain

converts from s-domain to t-domain

convert the function to a sum of simpler terms

ratio of the output and input of laplace

combining two blocks in a forward path

determines the output response to any change inn input

R(s) = 1/s

R(s) = 1

R(s) = 1/s^2