Monica Werner
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Lectures Neoplasia I and II

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Monica Werner
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BioMed II Exam 2

Question 1 of 72

1

A mature adult has around ____________ cells.

Select one of the following:

  • 60 Trillion

  • 50 Trillion

  • 100 Trillion

  • 10 Trillion

Explanation

Question 2 of 72

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

There are different cell types in a normal human body, however, there are different cell types in someone who has developed cancer.

Explanation

Question 3 of 72

1

Proliferation is used for:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Growth

  • Apoptosis

  • Replenishment

  • Necrosis

Explanation

Question 4 of 72

1

On average, _________ cells die and replenish every second.

Select one of the following:

  • 10 million

  • 15 million

  • 2 million

  • 5 million

Explanation

Question 5 of 72

1

Which of these cell types have a "lifetime" longevity?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Skin Cells

  • Bone Cells

  • Neurons

  • Muscle Cells

  • Spermatozoa

  • Oocytes

Explanation

Question 6 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Match the method of cell death with its definition.
( Apoptosis, Necrosis, Senescence ) --> The cell agrees to kill itself due to medium damage.
( Necrosis, Apoptosis, Senescence ) --> The cell is killed due to extreme damage.
( Senescence, Apoptosis, Necrosis ) --> The cell agrees to stop replicating due to small damage.

Explanation

Question 7 of 72

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

In the word Apoptosis. "apo" means and "ptosis" means .

Explanation

Question 8 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Organize the differences between Necrosis and Apoptosis.
Necrosis:
- Death of ( Healthy, Unhealthy ) Cells
- ( Premature, Natural ) Death
- ( Lots, Small Amounts ) of chemicals and invading microbes
- Very ( Fast, Slow ) death
- ( "Kill and Spill", "Tag and Bag" )
- ( Inflammation, Minimal ) Response
Apoptosis:
- Death of ( Unhealthy, Healthy ) Cells
- ( Natural, Premature ) Death
- ( Small amounts, Lots ) of chemicals and invading microbes
- Very ( Slow, Fast ) Death
- ( "Tag and Bag", "Kill and Spill" )
- ( Minimal, Inflammation ) Response

Explanation

Question 9 of 72

1

Old and Damaged cells are replenished by what type of cells?

Select one of the following:

  • Bone Marrow Cells

  • Stem Cells

  • Blood Cells

  • They are not replenished

Explanation

Question 10 of 72

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

cells are considered "Immortal".
cells are considered "Mortal".
Cells are "Terminal".

Explanation

Question 11 of 72

1

All tissues have stem cells.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 72

1

Similarities between Stem cells and Tumor Cells include:

Select one or more of the following:

  • High Proliferation Rates

  • Potential to Migrate

  • Can remain Quiescent for long periods of time

  • Resistant to Apoptosis

  • Resistant to Toxin Infiltration

Explanation

Question 13 of 72

1

The most common cause of tumors are genetic changes in DNA.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

( Deletions and Duplications, Mutations, Epigenetic Changes ) change the number of genes which results in excessive or dysfunctional production of proteins.
( Mutations, Deletions and Dupications, Epigenetic Changes ) result in a change in sequence and function and can be hereditary or acquired over time.
( Epigenetic changes, Mutations, Deletions and Duplications ) happen when something latches onto the gene or DNA sequence changing the functionality

Explanation

Question 15 of 72

1

If someone does not have Cancer, they do not have any tumor causing mutations within their DNA.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 72

1

Mutations can be Inherited or Acquired over time.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

( Malignant Tumors, Benign Tumors ) spread to other tissues while ( Benign Tumors, Malignant Tumors ) remain within a specific connective tissue area.

Explanation

Question 18 of 72

1

The zodiac sign "Cancer" was named such based off of the fact that "Cancer" the disease resembled a crab.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 72

1

What determines the difference between a Benign tumor and a Malignant tumor is the number and type of mutations.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 72

1

Benign Tumors are completely harmless.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 72

1

Problems that can be caused by benign tumors include:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Direct Physical Problems

  • Indirect Physical Problems

  • Chemical Problems

  • Cosmetic Concerns

  • Benign Tumors are Harmless and Do Not cause Problems

Explanation

Question 22 of 72

1

Any abnormal mass is considered a tumor.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 23 of 72

1

Moles always form before Adulthood.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 24 of 72

1

What type of benign tumor is the most common to arise during adulthood?

Select one of the following:

  • Papilloma

  • Osteoma

  • Lipoma

  • Myoma

Explanation

Question 25 of 72

1

What percentage of malignant tumors are inherited?

Select one of the following:

  • 20%

  • 25%

  • 30%

  • 15%

Explanation

Question 26 of 72

1

Some cancers are more inheritable than others.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 27 of 72

1

Gene mutations can be acquired from:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Radiation

  • Viruses

  • Carcinogens

  • Phytochemicals

  • Chronic Inflammation

Explanation

Question 28 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

The top 4 viral causes of cancer in order are:
1. ( Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis c Virus (HCV), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) )
2. ( Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) )
3. ( Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) )
4. ( Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) )

Explanation

Question 29 of 72

1

Cells that replicate more are more at risk to form Cancer.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 30 of 72

1

Put the steps of cell replication initiation in order:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    Ligand
    Receptor
    Signaling Molecules
    Cell Cycle Progression
    Cell Replication

Explanation

Question 31 of 72

1

Excess production of which proteins result in excess cell proliferation?

Select one or more of the following:

  • BRCA

  • EGF

  • HER2

  • p53

  • Ras

Explanation

Question 32 of 72

1

Proto-oncogene stands for "Early Cancer Gene" because the normal version of this gene can be mutated into a cancer causing gene.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 33 of 72

1

Increasing the amount of HER2 receptors in a cell increases the amount of signals being sent which then decreases the rate of cell proliferation.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 34 of 72

1

When there is a small amount of DNA damage detected, which proteins are activated to inhibit the cell cycle progression?

Select one or more of the following:

  • P16

  • BRCA

  • p53

  • HER2

  • Ras

Explanation

Question 35 of 72

1

When there is a small amount of DNA damage detected and the cell cycle is paused, which proteins start repairing the damaged DNA?

Select one or more of the following:

  • P16

  • BRCA

  • p53

  • HER2

  • Ras

Explanation

Question 36 of 72

1

When a large amount of DNA damage is detected, which proteins are activated to induce apoptosis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • P16

  • BRCA

  • p53

  • HER2

  • Ras

Explanation

Question 37 of 72

1

The most mutated gene in all cancers is:

Select one of the following:

  • P16

  • BRCA

  • p53

  • HER2

  • Ras

Explanation

Question 38 of 72

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The site is the origin of the tumor while the site is where the tumor has traveled to.

Explanation

Question 39 of 72

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Cancer cells travel through the or vessels.

Explanation

Question 40 of 72

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Metastasis relies on more and less of cells.

Explanation

Question 41 of 72

1

The steps of Metastasis in order:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    More Replication & Less Apoptosis
    Evasion
    Loss of Contact Inhibition
    Angiogenesis
    Emigration
    Immigration

Explanation

Question 42 of 72

1

Cancer cells tend to invade tissues similar to their primary site tissues.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 43 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Match the 5 Major Types of Cancer with their definitions.
( Carcinomas, Melanomas, Sarcomas, Myeloid Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia ) --> Cancer of the Epithelial Cells
( Melanomas, Carcinomas, Sarcomas, Myeloid Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia ) --> Cancer of Melanocytes
( Sarcomas, Carcinomas, Melanomas, Myeloid Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia ) --> Cancer of the Connective Tissues
( Myeloid Leukemia, Carcinomas, Melanomas, Sarcomas, Lymphoid Leukemia ) --> Cancer of Mast, Baso, Eosin, Neutro, or Monocytes
( Lymphoid Leukemia, Carcinomas, Melanomas, Sarcomas, Myeloid Leukemia ) --> Cancer of the Lymphocytes

Explanation

Question 44 of 72

1

All of these can be symptoms of cancer EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

  • Dyspnea

  • Seizures

  • Hemoptysis

  • Lymphedema

  • Jaundice

  • All of these can be symptoms of Cancer

Explanation

Question 45 of 72

1

A Patient experiencing a tumor in the bone marrow may have symptoms such as...

Select one or more of the following:

  • Fatigue

  • Vertigo

  • Bleeding

  • Infections

Explanation

Question 46 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Cancer is consistently considered the ( 2nd, 1st, 3rd ) most common cause of death in the US.

Explanation

Question 47 of 72

1

Tumors are detectable before they become a critical mass.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 48 of 72

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A biopsy is considered the "" for tumor diagnosis.

Explanation

Question 49 of 72

1

Tumor Detection Involves which of the following:

Select one of the following:

  • Visualization & Palpitation

  • Imaging & Observing

  • Testing

  • Sampling

  • All of the Above

Explanation

Question 50 of 72

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

In Antineoplastic surgery, Combotherapy can involve a combination of , , and .

Explanation

Question 51 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

( Surgery and Radiation, Chemotherapy ) are usually used in early stage cancers while ( Chemotherapy, Surgery and Radiation ) is used in advanced stage cancers.

Explanation

Question 52 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Match the surgery type with its goal:
( Curative, Debulking, Palliative ) --> Removing all of the tumor to cure the patient
( Debulking, Curative, Palliative ) --> Removing a large amount of the tumor to improve the prognosis of the cancer
( Palliative, Curative, Debulking ) --> Removing some of the tumor to increase the comfort and quality of life for the patient

Explanation

Question 53 of 72

1

The general methods that chemotherapy uses to inhibit cellular replication and increase apoptosis include:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Inhibiting Hormone and Secreted Molecules

  • Inhibiting Kinases and Phosphate Groups

  • Using Surface Molecules and Damaging the DNA

  • Inhibiting DNA Replication and Chromosome Separation

Explanation

Question 54 of 72

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Two Chemotherapeutic Hormone inhibitors mentioned were and .

Explanation

Question 55 of 72

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Replicating Cells secrete to stimulate the growth of blood vessels towards them to deliver Oxygen and Glucose

Explanation

Question 56 of 72

1

An example of a medication that is a Monoclonal Antibody (MAB) targeting secreted molecules is:

Select one of the following:

  • Bevacizumab (Avastin)

  • Bendamustine (Bendeka)

  • Altretamine (Hexalen)

  • Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

Explanation

Question 57 of 72

1

An example of a medication that is a Monoclonal Antibody (MAB) targeting surface molecules is:

Select one of the following:

  • Trastuzumab (Herceptin)

  • Bendamustine (Bendeka)

  • Altretamine (Hexalen)

  • Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

Explanation

Question 58 of 72

1

A medication that is an example of a chemotherapeutic kinase inhibitor is:

Select one of the following:

  • Imatinib (Gleevec)

  • ifosfamide (Ifex)

  • Trastuzumab (Herceptin)

  • Bevacizumab (Avastin)

Explanation

Question 59 of 72

1

Which of these are Alkylating/Alkylating-like Agents?

Select one of the following:

  • Cyclophosphamide

  • Cisplatin

  • Chlorambucil

  • I and II

  • II and III

Explanation

Question 60 of 72

1

Which of these are an Antimetabolite Drug?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Methotrexate

  • Mercaptopurine

  • Prednisone

  • 5-Flurouracil

Explanation

Question 61 of 72

1

Which of these are a Topoisomerase Inhibitor?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Irinotecan

  • Etoposide

  • Cisplatin

  • Bendamustine

Explanation

Question 62 of 72

1

Which of these are Antimitoic Agents?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Vincristine

  • Paclitaxel

  • Cyclophospamide

  • Dexamethasone

Explanation

Question 63 of 72

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Drug resistance is when Cancer is resistant to a drug before exposure.
Drug resistance is when the Cancer becomes resistant over time after exposure.

Explanation

Question 64 of 72

1

Systematic chemotherapy administration involves:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Intravenous Chemo

  • Oral Chemo

  • Subcutaneous Chemo

  • Intramuscular Chemo

  • Intradermal Cheo

Explanation

Question 65 of 72

1

Local chemotherapy administration methods mentioned include:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Intrathecal

  • Intravesical

  • Intravenous

  • Intramuscular

Explanation

Question 66 of 72

1

Drugs injected via I.V. cross BBB into the Central Nervous System.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 67 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Continuous Chemotherapy treatment is considered ( Rare, More Common ) while Noncontinuous treatment is ( More Common, Rare ).

Explanation

Question 68 of 72

1

Noncontinuous treatment consists of weeks of treatment and then a few days of no treatment for the healthy cells to recover.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 69 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Match the Chemotherapy response with its definition:
( Complete Response, Partial Response, Stable Disease, Progressive Disease ) --> 100% disappearance after 1 month of treatment
( Partial Response, Complete Response, Stable Disease, Progressive Disease ) --> 30% or greater decrease in tumor diameter along with no new disease
( Stable Disease, Complete Response, Partial Response, Progressive Disease ) --> Tumor has no change in size
( Progressive Disease, Stable Disease, Complete Response, Partial Response ) --> 20% or greater increase in tumor size or Tumor has spread

Explanation

Question 70 of 72

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The 1st FDA approved gene therapy mentioned was therapy.

Explanation

Question 71 of 72

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

The Top 4 Modifiable Risk Factors for Cancer in Order are:
1. ( Cigarette Smoking, Excess Weight, Alcohol Intake, UV Exposure )
2. ( Excess Weight, Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Intake, UV Exposure )
3. ( Alcohol Intake, Cigarette Smoking, Excess Weight, UV Exposure )
4. ( UV Exposure, Cigarette Smoking, Excess Weight, Alcohol Intake )

Explanation

Question 72 of 72

1

Pro-inflammation promotes Cancer.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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