Jake Anderson
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Paramedic care and principles 6th edition. Volume 1 Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (through objective 5.7) 19 ( through 19.6)

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Jake Anderson
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Practice Exam - Preparatory 1 of 3

Question 1 of 50

1

The combined roles and responsibilities of paramedic practice is known​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • Paramedicine.

  • primary care.

  • community medicine.

  • integrated care

Explanation

Question 2 of 50

1

Critical care transport vehicles​ are

Select one of the following:

  • required to have two registered nurses​ (RNs) on board during transport

  • considered ambulances with at least one advanced life support​ (ALS) provider.

  • specially equipped and staffed for moving extremely ill patients.

  • reserved for ventilator or balloon pump patients.

Explanation

Question 3 of 50

1

Paramedics typically function outside their customary emergency response and transport roles in what emerging type of​ medicine?

Select one of the following:

  • Critical care medicine

  • Flight paramedicine

  • Telemedicine

  • Community paramedicine

Explanation

Question 4 of 50

1

Which type of emergency service provider has the skills and knowledge to use both basic and advanced equipment found on an​ ambulance?

Select one of the following:

  • AEMT

  • EMR

  • EMS

  • EMT

Explanation

Question 5 of 50

1

Of the nationally recognized levels of emergency medical services​ (EMS) certifications in the United​ States, who performs the highest level of prehospital​ care?

Select one of the following:

  • Advanced Emergency Medical Technician​ (AEMT)

  • Paramedic

  • Emergency Medical Responder​ (EMR)

  • Emergency Medical Technician​ (EMT)

Explanation

Question 6 of 50

1

Which level of emergency medical services​ (EMS) provider is certified to provide only basic emergency medical care and​ transportation?

Select one of the following:

  • Paramedic

  • EMT

  • AEMT

  • EMR

Explanation

Question 7 of 50

1

Which level of emergency medical services​ (EMS) provider is most likely to hold an​ associate's degree in emergency​ care?

Select one of the following:

  • EMR

  • Paramedic

  • EMT

  • AEMT

Explanation

Question 8 of 50

1

The primary focus of the advanced emergency medical technician​ (AEMT) is to​ provide:

Select one of the following:

  • basic and limited advanced emergency medical care and transportation for critical and emergent patients who access the emergency medical services​ (EMS) system.

  • immediate advanced life support to noncritical patients who access the emergency medical system.

  • basic emergency medical care and transportation for noncritical patients who access the emergency medical system.

  • advanced emergency medical care for critical and emergent patients who access the EMS system.

Explanation

Question 9 of 50

1

The paramedic is always expected​ to:

Select one of the following:

  • improve the​ patient's condition.

  • supervise other care providers.

  • serve as the​ patient's advocate

  • obtain online medical direction.

Explanation

Question 10 of 50

1

One of the primary tasks of the paramedic is​ to:

Select one of the following:

  • diagnose the​ patient's primary medical issue.

  • provide care in an​ out-of-hospital setting.

  • minimize​ on-scene time.

  • reduce unnecessary transports.

Explanation

Question 11 of 50

1

To be a successful​ paramedic, you​ must:

Select one of the following:

  • exert your authority on all emergency calls.

  • be adaptable and make critical decisions effectively.

  • never appear uncertain about what to do

  • make a decision quickly and never waiver.

Explanation

Question 12 of 50

1

What is often touted as being the best way to avoid legal issues as a​ paramedic?

Select one of the following:

  • Document patient care as it should have occurred.

  • Place the​ patient's welfare above all other tasks.

  • Have the patient sign a medical liability waiver.

  • Always establish online medical direction.

Explanation

Question 13 of 50

1

In the near​ future, paramedics may find themselves taking on a variety of additional roles​ including:

Select one of the following:

  • injury prevention within their service area.

  • replacing the nurse in the emergency department.

  • providing suturing of lacerations to children.

  • determining if a patient should go to the hospital based upon the likelihood they will be admitted.

Explanation

Question 14 of 50

1

A role that the paramedic often performs while on​ duty, but between emergency​ calls, is:

Select one of the following:

  • annual conference attendance.

  • political activeness.

  • public safety.

  • teaching emergency medical services​ (EMS) courses.

Explanation

Question 15 of 50

1

Your patient requires​ transport; however, you have determined the closest facility is NOT the best destination and your medical director agrees. Transporting to the more distant facility will cause you to get off late for this shift. Transporting the patient to the appropriate facility anyway shows you​ are:

Select one of the following:

  • serving the best interests of the patient.

  • exceeding your medical authority.

  • protecting the​ public's safety.

  • guilty of abandonment.

Explanation

Question 16 of 50

1

You are obligated to ensure the patient receives the best care​ possible:

Select one of the following:

  • within a 10-20 minute transport time.

  • regardless of the​ patient's ability to pay.

  • according to the​ patient's insurance provider.

  • within the​ patient's financial means.

Explanation

Question 17 of 50

1

Based on current​ trends, paramedic graduates of today will continue to enter into nontraditional roles such as helicopter​ EMS, tactical​ EMS, and industrial medicine because of​ their:

Select one of the following:

  • ability to follow standing orders.

  • unique education and ability to think and work independently.

  • ability to follow direction from medical direction.

  • rapport with​ hospital-based emergency systems.

Explanation

Question 18 of 50

1

What is an environment that​ today's paramedics often work​ in?

Select one of the following:

  • Industrial environments

  • Commercial aircrafts

  • Dental offices

  • The operating room

Explanation

Question 19 of 50

1

What would provide most of the capabilities of the hospital intensive care unit in an​ out-of-hospital environment?

Select one of the following:

  • Critical care transport vehicle

  • Tactical emergency medical services​ (EMS) gear bag

  • Special event crews in chase vehicle

  • Standard advanced life support​ (ALS) ambulance

Explanation

Question 20 of 50

1

You have accepted a​ part-time job as a paramedic working in an outpatient clinic. This will likely increase your knowledge​ of:

Select one of the following:

  • critical care.

  • primary care.

  • tactical emergency medical services​ (EMS).

  • hospice care.

Explanation

Question 21 of 50

1

Your emergency medical services​ (EMS) system sends multiple levels of emergency care personnel to the same incident. This is an example of​ a(n):

Select one of the following:

  • tiered response.

  • basic life support​ (BLS) response.

  • unbalanced response.

  • advanced life support​ (ALS) response.

Explanation

Question 22 of 50

1

What process is used to continuously evaluate and improve the emergency medical services​ (EMS) system?

Select one of the following:

  • Depositions

  • Progressive discipline

  • Quality improvement

  • Civil litigation

Explanation

Question 23 of 50

1

Auditing encounter forms and peer review are examples​ of:

Select one of the following:

  • retrospective medical oversight.

  • intervener medical direction.

  • on-line medical direction.

  • anticipatory medical oversight.

Explanation

Question 24 of 50

1

Standing orders​ are:

Select one of the following:

  • preauthorized protocols.

  • increase liability for paramedics.

  • used when the paramedic must speak with the medical director.

  • protocols the paramedic may follow at will

Explanation

Question 25 of 50

1

Paramedics are an essential component​ in:

Select one of the following:

  • the clinic referral system.

  • the continuum of patient care.

  • the hospital emergency room.

  • Medicare fraud prevention.

Explanation

Question 26 of 50

1

The​ out-of-hospital components of an emergency medical services​ (EMS) system​ include:

Select one of the following:

  • social workers.

  • emergency nurses.

  • rehabilitation services.

  • regional poison control centers.

Explanation

Question 27 of 50

1

Health care providers such as​ (emergency department) ED physicians and ED​ nurses, and the availability of services such as emergency radiology and respiratory​ care, are:

Select one of the following:

  • not part of an EMS.

  • in-hospital components of an emergency medical services​ (EMS) system.

  • alternate pathways of educating EMS providers for an online EMS training system.

  • accessory patient care systems for rural communities.

Explanation

Question 28 of 50

1

If there is a weakness in one component of an emergency medical services​ (EMS) system, it​ will:

Select one of the following:

  • be supported by other components in a properly functioning system.

  • diminish the overall quality of patient care.

  • be less critical in tiered response systems.

  • create an opportunity for the paramedic to intervene.

Explanation

Question 29 of 50

1

What were the lessons learned from the Korean and Vietnam conflicts that have impacted​ modern-day emergency medical services​ (EMS)?

Select one of the following:

  • There was a need for a common scope of practice for all prehospital personnel.

  • The lifesaving care needs to occur in the hospital setting.

  • Injured soldiers benefited from emergency care provided as soon as possible.

  • Speed of evacuation is the most important element in an EMS system.

Explanation

Question 30 of 50

1

The earliest medical​ records:

Select one of the following:

  • were inscribed on clay tablets.

  • discussed treating​ diagnoses, not symptoms.

  • didn't include medications.

  • included instructions on physical examination.

Explanation

Question 31 of 50

1

What was the effect of the publication of Accidental Death and​ Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society on​ modern-day emergency medical services​ (EMS)?

Select one of the following:

  • It was the​ "white paper" that acted as a catalyst for improving ambulance systems and emergency responder training.

  • The American Heart Association began training the public in cardiopulmonary resuscitation​ (CPR).

  • Determining many people died from preventable causes cited in the report.

  • The states each took a leadership role in improving their own EMS systems.

Explanation

Question 32 of 50

1

The concept of ambulance​ volante, pioneered by Larrey during the Napoleonic​ Wars, was initiated during the Civil War​ by:

Select one of the following:

  • Clara Barton.

  • President Abraham Lincoln.

  • Jonathan Letterman.

  • Commercial Hospital.

Explanation

Question 33 of 50

1

Accidental Death and​ Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society was first published​ by:

Select one of the following:

  • National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health​ (NIOSH).

  • The Journal of Emergency Medical Services​ (JEMS)

  • The National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians​ (NREMT).

  • The National Academy of Sciences

Explanation

Question 34 of 50

1

Accidental Death and​ Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society was released​ in:

Select one of the following:

  • 1966

  • 1970

  • 1960

  • 1979

Explanation

Question 35 of 50

1

What coincided with the release of Accidental Death and​ Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society that resulted in the first emergency medical services​ (EMS) guidelines for the United​ States?

Select one of the following:

  • The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1972

  • The National EMS Curriculum Act of 1963

  • The Los Angeles County EMS Planning Conference in 1961

  • The Highway Safety Act of 1966

Explanation

Question 36 of 50

1

As a paramedic working in emergency medical services​ (EMS) today, what current day practice could you attribute to the recommendations found in Accidental Death and​ Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society​ study?

Select one of the following:

  • Improved communication between the ambulance and physicians

  • Well-equipped and maintained ambulances

  • Standardized training requirements for EMS personnel

  • All of the answers are correct

Explanation

Question 37 of 50

1

In​ 1988, the Statewide emergency medical services​ (EMS) Technical Assessment Program was established by NHTSA​ to:

Select one of the following:

  • provide acute illness and injury care and​ follow-up, and contribute to the treatment of chronic conditions and to community health monitoring.

  • provide funding to states for trauma system​ planning, development,​ implementation, and evaluation.

  • help establish helicopter EMS​ (HEMS) programs.

  • define elements necessary to all EMS systems.

Explanation

Question 38 of 50

1

The Statewide Emergency Medical Services​ (EMS) Technical Assessment Program defines elements necessary to all EMS​ systems; the transportation element covers which​ items?

Select one of the following:

  • Defensive driving class requirements

  • Standards for street marking and placement of house numbers

  • Minimum standards for equipping air ambulances

  • Safe patient transport by ground or air ambulance

Explanation

Question 39 of 50

1

Standardized​ curriculum, adequate​ training, and qualified instructors are covered in which element of the Statewide emergency medical services​ (EMS) Technical Assessment​ Program?

Select one of the following:

  • EMS program preparation

  • Human resources and training

  • Uniform training code

  • Minimum educational standards

Explanation

Question 40 of 50

1

Which element does NOT pertain to the medical director as it relates to the Statewide emergency medical services​ (EMS) Technical Assessment​ Program?

Select one of the following:

  • The medical director responds to all requests for​ on-line medical care.

  • The medical director oversees all aspects of patient care.

  • The medical director delegates medical practice to nonphysician caregivers.

  • Each EMS system must have a physician as its medical director.

Explanation

Question 41 of 50

1

A significant advance in paramedic education was contained in the 2009 publication of the National EMS Education Instructional Guidelines​, developed by​ the:

Select one of the following:

  • USDOT.

  • NTSB.

  • ​President's Council on Safety.

  • NHTSA

Explanation

Question 42 of 50

1

Which organization recommended sweeping improvements for the helicopter air ambulance​ industry?

Select one of the following:

  • National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians

  • ​President's Council on Safety

  • National Transportation Safety Board

  • National Highway Traffic Safety Administration​ (NHTSA)

Explanation

Question 43 of 50

1

Which document recommended that emergency medical services​ (EMS) of the future would be a​ community-based health management system that would be fully integrated into the overall health care​ system?

Select one of the following:

  • EMS Systems Act

  • Ambulance volante

  • The EMS Agenda for the Future

  • The Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act​ (COBRA)

Explanation

Question 44 of 50

1

The National Report Card on the State of Emergency​ Medicine: Evaluating the Environment of Emergency Care Systems State by State pointed out the significant problems that existed in all aspects of emergency​ care, including:

Select one of the following:

  • a significant need for helicopter transport services for critically ill or injured patients.

  • overstressing of emergency medical services​ (EMS) systems are so severe that the quality of care has been compromised.

  • a lack of competent providers causing a deterioration in patient care.

  • patient disappointment in service from long ambulance wait times.

Explanation

Question 45 of 50

1

In the publication Emergency Medical​ Services: At the Crossroads​, published by the National Academies Institute of​ Medicine, which element is not a weakness identified in current emergency medical services​ (EMS) delivery​ systems?

Select one of the following:

  • Disparities in response time

  • Insufficient coordination

  • poor patient rapport

  • Uncertain quality of care

Explanation

Question 46 of 50

1

In​ 2006, the National Academies Institute of Medicine published an evaluation of the status of emergency services which found​ that, despite the advances made in emergency medical services​ (EMS), sizable challenges remained. This evaluation was​ entitled:

Select one of the following:

  • The National Report Card on the State of Emergency​ Medicine: Evaluating the Environment of Emergency Care Systems State by State.

  • Statewide EMS Technical Assessment Program.

  • The EMS Agenda for the Future.

  • Emergency Medical​ Services: At the Crossroads.

Explanation

Question 47 of 50

1

Which statement is true regarding response times to emergency medical services​ (EMS) calls?

Select one of the following:

  • Response times are very consistent throughout the United States.

  • Response times are not tracked in the United States.

  • Response times are not impacted by dispatch resources.

  • Response times vary greatly across the United States.

Explanation

Question 48 of 50

1

What was published in 2006 that reported the lack of standardized measures of emergency medical services​ (EMS) quality?

Select one of the following:

  • EMS Agenda for the Future

  • Accidental Death and​ Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society

  • Emergency Medical Services for Children

  • Emergency Medical​ Services: At the Crossroads

Explanation

Question 49 of 50

1

First used by the Salt Lake City Fire Department and using a set of medically approved​ protocols, emergency medical dispatchers​ (EMDs) are trained to medically interrogate a distressed​ caller, prioritize​ symptoms, select an appropriate​ response, and give lifesaving prearrival instructions. This management method is​ called:

Select one of the following:

  • emergency medical technician dispatching.

  • priority dispatching.

  • triage.

  • prearrival instruction.

Explanation

Question 50 of 50

1

Emergency medical services​ (EMS) is just part of the​ patient's continuum of care. When does the continuum of care​ begin?

Select one of the following:

  • When EMS is first activated

  • .When the patient is admitted to the hospital

  • When the patient is first injured or becomes ill

  • When the patient arrives at the hospital

Explanation

Question 51 of 50

1

For improved​ efficiency, emergency medical services​ (EMS)operations among multiple agencies should​ be:

Select one of the following:

  • isolated.

  • independent.

  • infrequent.

  • integrated.

Explanation

Question 52 of 50

1

What is the sixth and final step in the American Heart Association​ (AHA) chain of​ survival?

Select one of the following:

  • Rapid defibrillation

  • Recovery

  • Post-cardiac arrest care

  • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation​ (CPR)

Explanation

Question 53 of 50

1

The study of the ways in which disease states interfere with normal functioning of body systems is​ called:

Select one of the following:

  • pathology.

  • epidemiology.

  • pathophysiology.

  • immunology.

Explanation

Question 54 of 50

1

Which of these terms refer to the movement of a solute from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the use of energy or​ assistance?

Select one of the following:

  • Osmosis

  • Facilitation

  • Simple diffusion

  • Active transport

Explanation

Question 55 of 50

1

Poisons released from bacterial cells when they​ die, that can trigger an inflammatory​ process, are known​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • epitoxins.

  • exotoxins.

  • ectotoxins.

  • endotoxins.

Explanation

Question 56 of 50

1

The process in which the size of a cell decreases as a result of decreasing workload is known​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • hyperplasia

  • hypertrophy.

  • metaplasia.

  • Atrophy.

Explanation

Question 57 of 50

1

The smallest units of life​ are:

Select one of the following:

  • atoms.

  • cells.

  • tissues.

  • molecules.

Explanation

Question 58 of 50

1

A group of organs working together for some common goal is known as​ a(n):

Select one of the following:

  • organism.

  • organ thread.

  • organ system.

  • human being.

Explanation

Question 59 of 50

1

What is the term used to describe any unit of life that is capable of surviving and reproducing in an​ environment?

Select one of the following:

  • Organ system

  • Biome

  • Organism

  • Human

Explanation

Question 60 of 50

1

The smallest unit of life is the:

Select one of the following:

  • Cell

  • organ

  • tissue

  • body system

Explanation

Question 61 of 50

1

External influences that tend to increase the​ body's vulnerability to a​ disease, such as poor dietary habits increasing the risk of​ diabetes, are​ called:

Select one of the following:

  • predisposing factors.

  • self-destructive tendencies.

  • genetic predispositions.

  • low-immunity states

Explanation

Question 62 of 50

1

Humans at both ends of the age spectrum are especially vulnerable to disease due​ to:

Select one of the following:

  • weakness of the immune system.

  • frail body systems.

  • increased exposure to illness.

  • diminished mental capacities.

Explanation

Question 63 of 50

1

Predisposition to certain disease processes on a familial basis can be attributed​ to:

Select one of the following:

  • country of origin.

  • atherosclerosis.

  • lifestyle.

  • genetics.

Explanation

Question 64 of 50

1

In the​ Ukraine, the incidence of​ cancers, specifically thyroid​ cancer, has increased dramatically following the nuclear disaster in 1986 at Chernobyl. In this​ case, the predisposing factor​ is:

Select one of the following:

  • inheritance.

  • genetics.

  • lifestyle.

  • exposure.

Explanation

Question 65 of 50

1

Pathological changes that result from invasion of the body and colonization by a pathogenic organism are classified​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • immunologic diseases.

  • inflammatory diseases.

  • an autoimmune disorder.

  • infectious diseases.

Explanation

Question 66 of 50

1

Congenital diseases can result from problems which occur​ during:

Select one of the following:

  • childbirth.

  • uncontrolled cellular growth.

  • in utero trauma.

  • fetal development.

Explanation

Question 67 of 50

1

Disease states that result from a deficiency in one or all of the major nutritional sources​ (carbohydrates, proteins,​ fats) are classified​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • electrolyte imbalances.

  • nutritional diseases.

  • vitamin deficiencies.

  • malnutrition disorders.

Explanation

Question 68 of 50

1

What is​ neoplasia?

Select one of the following:

  • Abnormal or uncontrolled cell growth

  • Hypoxia-induced cellular malformation

  • Chemical destruction of a cell membrane

  • The formation of new skin cells on a fetus

Explanation

Question 69 of 50

1

Most atoms become stable​ by:

Select one of the following:

  • filling their outer electron shell.

  • bonding to other atoms.

  • decaying to noble gases.

  • becoming radioactive.

Explanation

Question 70 of 50

1

The process by which atoms join together to form a molecule is​ called:

Select one of the following:

  • orbitation

  • coupling

  • bonding

  • valence

Explanation

Question 71 of 50

1

The equal sharing of electrons between atoms results in​ a(n):

Select one of the following:

  • hydrogen bond.

  • atomic mass.

  • covalent bond.

  • ionic bond.

Explanation

Question 72 of 50

1

An atom or molecule with missing electrons and thus a net positive charge is called​ a(n):

Select one of the following:

  • ionic bond.

  • anion.

  • nonmetallic element.

  • cation.

Explanation

Question 73 of 50

1

Which of these is NOT a major class of biologic​ chemicals?

Select one of the following:

  • Water

  • Lipids

  • Carbohydrates

  • Proteins

Explanation

Question 74 of 50

1

Polysaccharides are considered part of which major class of biologic​ chemicals?

Select one of the following:

  • Carbohydrates

  • Water

  • Lipids

  • Proteins

Explanation

Question 75 of 50

1

Amino acids are held together in proteins​ by:

Select one of the following:

  • hydrogen bonds.

  • ionic bonds.

  • covalent bonds.

  • peptide bonds.

Explanation

Question 76 of 50

1

Most enzymes can also be​ considered:

Select one of the following:

  • Carbohydrates

  • Lipids

  • Water

  • Proteins

Explanation

Question 77 of 50

1

Successfully completing a course that adheres to the most recent National EMS Education Instructional Guidelines would fulfill the requirements​ of:

Select one of the following:

  • initial education.

  • subsequent education.

  • field training.

  • continuing education.

Explanation

Question 78 of 50

1

Quality, accredited continuing education programs and much of the didactic portion of initial emergency medical services​ (EMS) education are now​ available:

Select one of the following:

  • through nursing programs.

  • from the library.

  • on the Internet.

  • only through​ university-based programs.

Explanation

Question 79 of 50

1

Which statement is true regarding the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act​ (COBRA) of​ 1981?

Select one of the following:

  • It introduced federal funding for EMS.

  • It prevented EMS agencies from applying for grants.

  • It significantly increased federal funding for EMS.

  • It wiped out federal funding for emergency medical services​ (EMS).

Explanation

Question 80 of 50

1

Which document provided funding to states for trauma system​ planning, development,​ implementation, and​ evaluation?

Select one of the following:

  • Statewide EMS Technical Assessment Program

  • Trauma Care Systems and Development Act

  • EMS Agenda for the Future

  • Ontario Prehospital Advanced Life Support study

Explanation

Question 81 of 50

1

Clinical protocols are designed around the four​ "Ts" of emergency care. These​ are:

Select one of the following:

  • triage, treatment,​ training, and testing.

  • ​training, triage,​ treatment, and transport.

  • triage, treatment,​ telemetry, and transport.

  • triage, treatment,​ transport, and transfer.

Explanation

Question 82 of 50

1

Emergency medical services​ (EMS) providers are the medical​ director's designated agents. This defines the concept​ of:

Select one of the following:

  • medical oversight.

  • patient care algorithms.

  • standardized protocols.

  • on-line medical direction.

Explanation

Question 83 of 50

1

The trend in emergency medical services​ (EMS) as it relates to medical direction is​ to:

Select one of the following:

  • eliminate medical direction.

  • increase​ on-line medical direction and decrease​ off-line medical direction.

  • increase​ off-line medical direction and decrease​ on-line medical direction.

  • transition to entirely​ on-line medical direction.

Explanation

Question 84 of 50

1

In most emergency medical services​ (EMS) systems, what is the most overlooked component of the EMS​ system?

Select one of the following:

  • Dispatch education

  • Medical director education

  • Public education

  • EMS education

Explanation

Question 85 of 50

1

A means to promote and enhance the status of emergency medical services​ (EMS) within the health care community and to help create a unified voice for EMS providers are two of the services provided​ by:

Select one of the following:

  • conferences.

  • professional organizations.

  • advertising.

  • EMS services.

Explanation

Question 86 of 50

1

What nongovernmental organization develops and administers standardized tests for various EMS provider​ levels?

Select one of the following:

  • N.R.E.M.T.

  • N.E.M.S.E.S.

  • C.o.A.E.M.S.P.

  • N.A.E.M.S.E.

Explanation

Question 87 of 50

1

An abundant source of continuing education material and an excellent opportunity for EMS professionals to write and publish articles are two benefits​ of:

Select one of the following:

  • professional magazines.

  • manual publishers.

  • educators.

  • professional organizations.

Explanation

Question 88 of 50

1

Which publication is specifically for emergency medical services​ (EMS)professionals?

Select one of the following:

  • AAFP

  • AJN

  • JAMA

  • JEMS

Explanation

Question 89 of 50

1

KKK-A-1822 is a federal specification intended to​ improve:

Select one of the following:

  • training standards.

  • reimbursement rates

  • documentation standards.

  • standards for ambulances.

Explanation

Question 90 of 50

1

Which statement is true regarding​ KKK-A-1822 standards?

Select one of the following:

  • All ambulances meet this standard.

  • Not all ambulances meet this federal standard.

  • This standard is only for air ambulances.

  • This standard is only for fire department ambulances.

Explanation

Question 91 of 50

1

The​ KKK-A-1822 federal standards for ambulances​ include:

Select one of the following:

  • elimination of handheld spotlights.

  • geographical positioning system​ (GPS) navigation system.

  • video communication system.

  • occupant protection standards.

Explanation

Question 92 of 50

1

Which standard called for improved electrical standards and reduced interior siren noise for​ ambulances?

Select one of the following:

  • The Ambulance Provision of the COBRA act

  • KKK-A-1822

  • NEMSES EVOC Regulation

  • AMB-7-1380

Explanation

Question 93 of 50

1

A designated trauma center​ is:

Select one of the following:

  • any hospital that​ self-designates itself as a trauma center.

  • a hospital that meets accreditation standards for trauma care.

  • a hospital with air ambulance resources on site.

  • a hospital with trauma and rehabilitation services on site.

Explanation

Question 94 of 50

1

Receiving facilities should have all of these capabilities except which​ one?

Select one of the following:

  • Emergency department

  • Surgical facilities

  • Medical imaging capabilities

  • Rehabilitation services

Explanation

Question 95 of 50

1

Which facilility is NOT a recognized specialty center​ category?

Select one of the following:

  • Burn center

  • Orthopedic center

  • Pediatric center

  • Perinatal center

Explanation

Question 96 of 50

1

You are transporting a patient who was rescued from a house fire. Which type of receiving​ facility, if​ available, should you transport the patient​ to?

Select one of the following:

  • Chest pain center

  • Trauma center

  • Stroke center

  • Burn center

Explanation

Question 97 of 50

1

For quality assurance and improvement programs to be​ effective, they​ must:

Select one of the following:

  • be dynamic and comprehensive.

  • fully attain total excellence.

  • set the​ community's expectations.

  • be designed with the needs of cost effective care as their chief concern.

Explanation

Question 98 of 50

1

Which guideline does not appear in the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration​ (NHTSA) released manual called A Leadership Guide to Quality Improvement for Emergency Medical Services Systems​?

Select one of the following:

  • EMS process management

  • Leadership

  • Strategic quality planning

  • Cost-effective administration

Explanation

Question 99 of 50

1

A good emergency medical services​ (EMS) quality improvement​ (QI) program is also​ a(n):

Select one of the following:

  • "good enough" quality program.

  • excellent individual performance monitor.

  • excellent risk management strategy.

  • excellent​ low-risk procedure monitor.

Explanation

Question 100 of 50

1

EMS cases can be divided into four areas of​ risk; of​ these, which is most important for quality improvement​ (QI) monitoring?

Select one of the following:

  • High​ frequency/low risk

  • Low​ frequency/low risk

  • Low​ frequency/high risk

  • High​ frequency/high risk

Explanation

Question 101 of 50

1

The primary tenet of medicine is primum non nocere​, which​ means:

Select one of the following:

  • scene safety first.

  • basic life support​ (BLS) before advanced life support​ (ALS).

  • first, do no harm.

  • patient first always.

Explanation

Question 102 of 50

1

Which error is an ongoing issue in emergency medical services​ (EMS)and a common source of malpractice​ litigation?

Select one of the following:

  • Dropping patients

  • Ambulance crashes

  • Automated external defibrillator​ (AED) failures

  • Airway issues

Explanation

Question 103 of 50

1

When a health care provider fails to perform a skill​ properly, this is known as​ a:

Select one of the following:

  • protocol-based failure.

  • skill-based failure.

  • knowledge-based failure.

  • cognitive load failure.

Explanation

Question 104 of 50

1

When an emergency medical services​ (EMS) provider fails to follow an established treatment​ guideline, this is known as​ a(n):

Select one of the following:

  • skills-based failure.

  • evidence-based failure.

  • rules-based failure.

  • compliance-based failure.

Explanation

Question 105 of 50

1

One reason there is very little known about the quality of care delivered by emergency medical services​ (EMS) services in the United States​ is:

Select one of the following:

  • medical professionals attempt to hide problems from government agencies.

  • there are no standardized measures of EMS quality.

  • EMS providers are reluctant to report quality issues.

  • hospital emergency departments fail to review EMS performance.

Explanation

Question 106 of 50

1

What is an essential component of an emergency medical services​ (EMS) system?

Select one of the following:

  • Research

  • Online training

  • Tuition reimbursement

  • Conferences

Explanation

Question 107 of 50

1

​Historically, emergency medical services​ (EMS) has implemented treatment guidelines without​ adequate:

Select one of the following:

  • communication

  • training

  • research

  • medical direction.

Explanation

Question 108 of 50

1

What is a significant barrier to emergency medical services​ (EMS) research?

Select one of the following:

  • Adequate EMS ageny involvment

  • Time

  • Obtaining patient consent

  • Access to patients

Explanation

Question 109 of 50

1

What enhancement has been made in some emergency medical services​ (EMS) systems based on the benefits recently identified with rapid primary percutaneous coronary intervention​ (PPCI)?

Select one of the following:

  • Paramedics can activate cardiac catheterization teams.

  • Most ALS ambulances now carry single tPA doses.

  • EMS providers can now perform percutaneous coronary interventions in the prehospital setting.

  • HEMS resources are now used regardless of proximity to the receiving facilities for patients in need of PPCI.

Explanation

Question 110 of 50

1

Which change is NOT one of the rules of evidence when considering a new​ medication, process, or​ procedure?

Select one of the following:

  • Any proposed change must be supported by ample scientific human research.

  • Any proposed change must be affordable.

  • Any proposed change must be clinically important.

  • Any proposed change must be supported by the community.

Explanation

Question 111 of 50

1

Is there any benefit in new clinical evidence invalidating traditional emergency medical services​ (EMS) practices?

Select one of the following:

  • .Yes, because they can be replaced with treatments that are more effective.

  • No, because current practices are so established within the system that changes will create problems.

  • Yes, because EMS agencies will be able to seek higher reimbursement rates based on more advanced procedures.

  • No, because traditional EMS practices have been proven out by years of effective use.

Explanation

Question 112 of 50

1

With regard to ​evidence-based medicine​, what skill is essential for paramedics to​ possess?

Select one of the following:

  • When to determine which protocols to follow

  • How to read and interpret scientific literature

  • When to disregard clinical experience

  • How to conduct scientific human research

Explanation

Question 113 of 50

1

Which field of medicine requires you to be the most​ mentally, physically, and emotionally​ prepared?

Select one of the following:

  • Dietetics

  • Social work

  • Rehabilitation

  • Paramedicine

Explanation

Question 114 of 50

1

Paramedics require a strong knowledge in which​ area?

Select one of the following:

  • Pharmacology

  • Surgical techniques

  • Pathophysiology

  • Rehabilitation

Explanation

Question 115 of 50

1

Which individuals are not part of the allied health​ professions?

Select one of the following:

  • Paramedic

  • Physician

  • Respiratory therapist

  • Physical therapist

Explanation

Question 116 of 50

1

Which is an example of a paramedic providing primary​ care?

Select one of the following:

  • The paramedic responds to a call where a child has stuffed a marble up in their nose. The paramedic removes the marble and transports the child to an outpatient clinic for additional follow up.

  • The paramedic responds to a call where an adult has fallen off a roof and has a fractured forearm and head wound. The paramedic stabilizes the patient and transports the patient to a trauma center.

  • C.
    The paramedic responds to a call where an individual is having an allergic reaction to a bee sting. The paramedic administers​ epinephrine, and the patient requests to not be transported to the hospital.

  • The paramedic responds to a call where a college student has passed out from too much alcohol. The paramedic transports the student to the nearest hospital.

Explanation

Question 117 of 50

1

Restocking and equipment​ disinfection:

Select one of the following:

  • are not required before returning to service.

  • should be done after every call.

  • can be completed anytime during your shift.

  • are basic life support​ (BLS) responsibilities.

Explanation

Question 118 of 50

1

The paramedic is stationed in a facility in a remote area and is called to respond to a trauma related emergency. There are no major cities in the​ area, and the only medical care is from a clinic in a small town that is open during weekdays only.​ However, the physician is on call as needed. What level of trauma center would the paramedic expect to take the patient​ to?

Select one of the following:

  • Level II

  • Level IV

  • Level I

  • Level III

Explanation

Question 119 of 50

1

On your way to​ work, you consciously set aside your personal problems in order to focus on the needs of your patients. This is an example​ of:

Select one of the following:

  • response

  • preparation

  • scene size up.

  • recognition

Explanation

Question 120 of 50

1

In order for paramedics to properly treat a​ patient, they must​ master:

Select one of the following:

  • medication administration.

  • patient assessment.

  • 12-lead ECG​ (electrocardiogram).

  • online communication.

Explanation

Question 121 of 50

1

How many levels of trauma centers are there according to the American College of​ Surgeons?

Select one of the following:

  • 3

  • 2

  • 1

  • 4

Explanation

Question 122 of 50

1

Which level of trauma center is required to have criteria for transporting certain types of trauma patients to a higher level of​ care?

Select one of the following:

  • Level IV centers only

  • Level​ I, II, and III centers

  • Level III and IV centers

  • Level​ II, III, and IV centers

Explanation

Question 123 of 50

1

You are caring for a​ 17-year-old patient who experienced an acute psychotic break and jumped off a building. They have sustained multiple long bone and chest injuries. They should be transported to what type of facility​ (assuming all are within a reasonable driving​ distance)?

Select one of the following:

  • Psychiatric facility

  • Academic hospital facility

  • Dedicated pediatric facility

  • Trauma facility

Explanation

Question 124 of 50

1

You have a​ 23-year-old patient who jumped from a first story balcony to escape a house fire. They have extensive burns to the​ face, neck,​ arms, and torso. During the jump they seemed to have twisted their ankle. What would be the best destination facility given this​ scenario, and assuming all facilities are within similar transporting​ distances?

Select one of the following:

  • Pediatric trauma center

  • Burn facility

  • Immediate care facility

  • Trauma facility

Explanation

Question 125 of 50

1

Setting high standards for personal​ performance, crew​ performance, and agency performance is an indicator​ of:

Select one of the following:

  • professionalism.

  • independence

  • pride

  • ego

Explanation

Question 126 of 50

1

Ethics are not​ laws, but​ rather:

Select one of the following:

  • standards of honorable behavior of a group.

  • a specific code of conduct of an individual.

  • a personal moral standard.

  • ​agency-specific protocols for right and wrong.

Explanation

Question 127 of 50

1

Which document details some of the guiding principles for professional emergency medical technician​ (EMT) service?

Select one of the following:

  • Oath of Geneva

  • Allied Health Behaviors

  • EMT Professionalism

  • Professional Code of Ethics

Explanation

Question 128 of 50

1

Being a professional requires​ a:

Select one of the following:

  • college degree.

  • certification

  • license

  • specialized body of knowledge.

Explanation

Question 129 of 50

1

Professionalism in communication is an important attribute in the prehospital environment. Which are attributes of effective​ communication?

Select one of the following:

  • Using complicated medical terminology to explain a procedure to the injured

  • Speaking​ clearly, writing​ legibly, and always using medical terminology

  • Speaking​ clearly, listening​ actively, and writing legibly

  • Speaking clearly and loudly and always using medical terminology

Explanation

Question 130 of 50

1

A critical review of your own performance is​ a(n):

Select one of the following:

  • professional attribute

  • process that must be documented.

  • unnecessary stress.

  • distraction from patient care.

Explanation

Question 131 of 50

1

Which statement is most reflective of good​ teamwork?

Select one of the following:

  • Ensuring unanimous agreement on all decisions

  • Maintaining a friendly atmosphere for all team members

  • Placing success of the team over personal interests

  • Demonstrating your ability to direct others competently

Explanation

Question 132 of 50

1

Of the varied attributes a care provider may​ demonstrate, which one is not appropriate for an emergency medical services​ (EMS) provider?

Select one of the following:

  • Skill mastery

  • Egotism

  • Commitment to excellence

  • High standards

Explanation

Question 133 of 50

1

Human immunodeficiency virus​ (HIV), hepatitis​ B, and hepatitis C are​ all:

Select one of the following:

  • infectious diseases.

  • short-acting infections.

  • bacterial infections.

  • extremely virulent diseases.

Explanation

Question 134 of 50

1

Cleaning with a bleach solution is a form​ of:

Select one of the following:

  • pressurized decontamination.

  • general cleaning.

  • disinfection

  • sterilization

Explanation

Question 135 of 50

1

The nonspecific response of the body to any​ demand, real or​ percerived, is​ called:

Select one of the following:

  • stress

  • defense

  • grief

  • coping

Explanation

Question 136 of 50

1

The extreme endpoint of the stress continuum is known​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • eustress

  • alpha stress.

  • burnout

  • decompression

Explanation

Question 137 of 50

1

Which response is true regarding use of lights and sirens by an emergency medical services​ (EMS) provider while transporting a patient or responding to a​ call?

Select one of the following:

  • They should be used on every call.

  • They are a means to get through heavy traffic.

  • They should only be used on cardiac arrest patients.

  • They should be limited to those patients with a​ time-critical condition.

Explanation

Question 138 of 50

1

What is a correct outcome regarding basic physical fitness when done​ correctly?

Select one of the following:

  • It increases the risk of back injury.

  • It can reduce workplace injuries.

  • It reduces the need for adequate sleep.

  • It eliminates job stress.

Explanation

Question 139 of 50

1

You are dispatched to a call for a morbidly obese patient. You need to move the patient to the ambulance on a cot. You should use what piece of equipment when transitioning the​ patient?

Select one of the following:

  • Use a power lift stretcher

  • Use a manual lift stretcher

  • Use a Reeves stretcher

  • Slide the patient rather than lifting

Explanation

Question 140 of 50

1

All the listed factors are important for paramedics who want to be in emergency medical services​ (EMS) long-term without physical​ injury, except which​ one?

Select one of the following:

  • 24 hour shifts

  • Basic physical fitness

  • Proper nutrition

  • Adequate sleep

Explanation

Question 141 of 50

1

As an emergency medical technician​ (EMT) looking to improve your personal​ wellness, it is important to focus​ on:

Select one of the following:

  • increasing the amount of exercise you get in your day.

  • considering taking medication to help manage stressful times.

  • increasing coffee and tea intake.

  • watching more TV and playing more video games.

Explanation

Question 142 of 50

1

If your body is fed well and kept fit and if you use the principles of back safety and avoid potentially addictive and harmful​ substances, you:

Select one of the following:

  • will be able to work long shifts without tiring.

  • will be able to work without additional assistance on morbidly obese patients.

  • should have the physical strength and stamina to perform the duties of a paramedic.

  • will reduce your insurance rates.

Explanation

Question 143 of 50

1

Which guideline is consistent with MyPlate guidelines provided by the U.S. Department of​ Agriculture?

Select one of the following:

  • Make one quarter of your plate fruits and vegetables.

  • Drink whole milk as a source of calcium.

  • Make half your grains whole grains.

  • Eat larger portions less often.

Explanation

Question 144 of 50

1

What outcome is not a direct benefit of physical​ fitness?

Select one of the following:

  • Increased resistance to illness

  • Reduced anxiety levels

  • Slowing the progression of osteoporosis

  • Decreased metabolic rate

Explanation

Question 145 of 50

1

Provider obesity and a lack of general physical fitness are associated with an increase​ in:

Select one of the following:

  • poor patient care.

  • lucidy

  • burnout

  • back injuries.

Explanation

Question 146 of 50

1

Overuse and abuse of substances such as caffeine are common​ among:

Select one of the following:

  • EMS providers in rural areas.

  • those with​ high-stress jobs.

  • older workers specifically.

  • mostly women in emergency medical services​ (EMS).

Explanation

Question 147 of 50

1

What risk factor increases the likelihood of cancer and cardiovascular​ disease?

Select one of the following:

  • Use of tobacco

  • Hypermetabolism

  • Job stress

  • Chronic fatigue

Explanation

Question 148 of 50

1

You have decided to quit smoking. You​ should:

Select one of the following:

  • replace the habit with food or alcohol.

  • take some time off work.

  • keep quiet until you are sure you can do it.

  • seek support from local resources.

Explanation

Question 149 of 50

1

What technique is very important to avoid injuring your back at​ work?

Select one of the following:

  • Proper lifting technique

  • Weight lifting

  • Intensive daily exercise

  • Use of a powered stretcher

Explanation

Question 150 of 50

1

Abdominal strength can help reduce back injuries. The best way to increase core strength​ is:

Select one of the following:

  • jogging

  • jumping jacks.

  • abdominal crunches.

  • sit-ups

Explanation

Question 151 of 50

1

If you are not sure you can handle a particular lifting or moving​ situation, you​ should:

Select one of the following:

  • take yourself out of service.

  • get help from other rescuers.

  • warm up first.

  • ask bystanders to assist you.

Explanation

Question 152 of 50

1

When lifting a patient who is on your wheeled​ cot, you​ should:

Select one of the following:

  • lift with your palms up.

  • lift with your palms down.

  • lock your knees and bend your back prior to lifting.

  • lift with one palm up and one down.

Explanation

Question 153 of 50

1

Calls involving what issue are typically challenging for most emergency medical services​ (EMS) providers?

Select one of the following:

  • Elderly patients

  • Traumatic injuries

  • Death and dying

  • Refusals

Explanation

Question 154 of 50

1

The​ "denial" stage of grief is characterized​ by:

Select one of the following:

  • ​"why me?"

  • "but I​ haven't."

  • ​"not me."

  • ​"I'm not​ afraid."

Explanation

Question 155 of 50

1

Which statement or question characterizes the anger stage of​ grief?

Select one of the following:

  • ​"First let​ me."

  • "Not me."

  • ​"I'm not​ afraid."

  • "Why me?"

Explanation

Question 156 of 50

1

During which stage of grief will the family likely need more support than the​ patient?

Select one of the following:

  • Bargaining

  • Acceptance

  • Anger

  • Denial

Explanation

Question 157 of 50

1

The additional stress from exposure to​ death, which paramedics encounter much more frequently than other people​ do, can lead​ to:

Select one of the following:

  • denial of the event.

  • an increased ability to deal with death without outside support.

  • an increased sense of reverence toward the event.

  • a cumulative sense of overload.

Explanation

Question 158 of 50

1

A stimulus that causes stress is known as​ a(n):

Select one of the following:

  • hardship

  • insult

  • stressor

  • event

Explanation

Question 159 of 50

1

The U.S. Surgeon General once estimated that​ stress-related diseases kill approximately what percentage of people who die of nontraumatic​ causes?

Select one of the following:

  • 80

  • 50

  • 30

  • 95

Explanation

Question 160 of 50

1

What are the three physiologic phases of the stress​ response?

Select one of the following:

  • Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

  • Distress, alarm, and recovery

  • Distress, eustress, and recovery

  • Resistance, alarm, and recovery

Explanation

Question 161 of 50

1

​Exercising, eating a healthy​ diet, using relaxation​ techniques, and reframing thoughts are all ways of​ managing:

Select one of the following:

  • stress

  • cancer

  • critical infections.

  • anorexia

Explanation

Question 162 of 50

1

Defensive response strategies to stress can​ include:

Select one of the following:

  • problem solving.

  • denial or distortion of the situational reality.

  • multiple option determination.

  • confrontation of the stressor

Explanation

Question 163 of 50

1

In emergency medical services​ (EMS) and​ life, you have the ability to choose how to treat your body in regard to​ diet, exercise, and stress management. As​ such, in doing​ so, you must realize that every health choice​ has:

Select one of the following:

  • only positive outcomes.

  • some amount of negative outcomes.

  • outcomes that will be immediately realized

  • outcomes and consequences.

Explanation

Question 164 of 50

1

Which mechanism is not recognized as a method for adapting to​ stress?

Select one of the following:

  • Developing​ problem-solving skills

  • Coping mechanisms

  • Guilt

  • Defensive strategies

Explanation

Question 165 of 50

1

Post-traumatic stress disorder​ (PTSD) is:

Select one of the following:

  • often seen in individuals who have not actually been exposed to traumatic events.

  • an emotional disability that primarily affects accident survivors.

  • not generally considered to be a cause of anxiety.

  • a possible outcome of recurrent and unmitigated stress.

Explanation

Question 166 of 50

1

Which of these is NOT a symptom of​ post-traumatic stress disorder​ (PTSD)?

Select one of the following:

  • Physical reactions whenever something reminds the person of the​ event(s).

  • Unwanted and distressing memories of the traumatic​ event(s).

  • An uncontrollable desire to return to the place of the​ event(s).

  • Disturbing or intrusive flashbacks of the​ event(s).

Explanation

Question 167 of 50

1

An organization that raises awareness about​ post-traumatic stress disorder​ (PTSD) specifically in the emergency medical services​ (EMS) community​ is:

Select one of the following:

  • the Code Green Campaign.

  • the Fellowship of Paramedics International​ (FPI)

  • Operation Homecoming.

  • the American Psychiatric Association​ (APA).

Explanation

Question 168 of 50

1

Why has the concept of Critical Incident Stress Management​ (CISM) been all but abandoned in emergency medical services​ (EMS)?

Select one of the following:

  • The evidence showed that it was potentially harmful to participants.

  • Industry support for EMS provider mental health resources has waned.

  • It was replaced by the critical incident stress debriefing​ (CISD) process.

  • Most agencies now use the stress management protocols outlined in the National Incident Management System.

Explanation

Question 169 of 50

1

When rescuers are working together as a team to lift a​ patient:

Select one of the following:

  • all rescuers should lift and twist at the same time.

  • only one person should be in charge of verbal commands.

  • all rescuers should hold their breath during the lift process.

  • no rescuer should bend the knees more than 90 degrees.

Explanation

Question 170 of 50

1

Proper lifting​ techniques:

Select one of the following:

  • are best developed by individual trial and error.

  • should ideally be taught by and practiced with a seasoned emergency medical services​ (EMS) educator or trainer.

  • cannot be utilized by a provider with bad knees.

  • rely most heavily on strong back muscles.

Explanation

Question 171 of 50

1

The person who drives the ambulance should understand which basic​ principle?

Select one of the following:

  • Use lights and sirens at all times when driving on a congested road.

  • Follow the ambulance escort as closely as possible to avoid losing the lead vehicle in traffic.

  • Park as close to the victim as possible when responding to a roadway incident.

  • Know how to manage an intersection in which traffic is moving in several directions.

Explanation

Question 172 of 50

1

Which​ factor(s) seem to contribute to ambulance​ crashes?

Select one of the following:

  • Increased braking distances of modern ambulances

  • The least trained and experienced person typically drives

  • Less responsive steering in modern ambulances

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 173 of 50

1

A hypothesis​ is:

Select one of the following:

  • the ability to generalize your results.

  • a statement of exactly what your study will answer.

  • what you want to measure.

  • the group you draw your subjects from.

Explanation

Question 174 of 50

1

Research has proven that a certain treatments actually improve​ morbidity, mortality, or quality of life for the patient. This is known​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • anecdotal data.

  • inconclusive research.

  • qualitative research.

  • outcomes-based research.

Explanation

Question 175 of 50

1

You submit an emergency medical services​ (EMS) article for publication and are told it must first be reviewed by other EMS professionals for quality and accuracy. This is known​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • word smithing.

  • the​ peer-review process.

  • grammatical editing.

  • editorial review.

Explanation

Question 176 of 50

1

Quantitative research expresses phenomena​ in:

Select one of the following:

  • images

  • opinions

  • numbers

  • words

Explanation

Question 177 of 50

1

Future changes in emergency medical services​ (EMS) procedures,​ techniques, and equipment must be evaluated to prove they make a positive difference prior to​ implementation; this aspect of EMS is known​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • research

  • scientific method.

  • quality assurance.

  • peer review.

Explanation

Question 178 of 50

1

What is one hallmark of the emergency medical services​ (EMS) profession?

Select one of the following:

  • The ability to attain knowledge through study or practice.

  • The ability to change practices and procedures based on evolving research.

  • The ability to analyze results and draw conclusions.

  • The ability to obtain funding for EMS research from the government.

Explanation

Question 179 of 50

1

What is most essential to ensuring that the best possible patient care is provided in the prehospital and​ out-of-hospital setting?

Select one of the following:

  • Research

  • Certifications

  • Adequate funding

  • Quality assurance program

Explanation

Question 180 of 50

1

In the​ evidence-based approach, once a practice has been​ changed, ongoing evaluation must be carried out to​ determine:

Select one of the following:

  • if paramedics are willing to learn and implement the change.

  • if emergency medical services​ (EMS) systems want to implement the change.

  • whether the practice is correctly applied to the proper group of patients.

  • if patients will comply with the change.

Explanation

Question 181 of 50

1

The National Emergency Medical Services​ (EMS) Research Agenda was published​ by:

Select one of the following:

  • National Association of EMS Educators​ (NAEMSE).

  • United States Department of Transportation​ (USDOT).

  • Federal Emergency Management Agency​ (FEMA).

  • National Highway Traffic Safety Administration​ (NHTSA)

Explanation

Question 182 of 50

1

Which of the following was NOT a conclusion identified in the National EMS Research​ Agenda?

Select one of the following:

  • Researchers with extensive careers should be sought and funded.

  • The need for research in EMS should be recognized.

  • Relationships should be developed between emergency medical services​ (EMS) researchers and economists

  • Ethical research should be enhanced in EMS.

Explanation

Question 183 of 50

1

According to the National EMS Research​ Agenda, researchers must have access to what type of data in order to improve prehospital patient care.

Select one of the following:

  • Electronic patient care reports

  • Census data

  • Patient outcome information

  • Educational standards

Explanation

Question 184 of 50

1

The National EMS Research Agenda recommends the use of what process when evaluating technical advances in​ out-of-hospital care.

Select one of the following:

  • Observations

  • Scientific methodology

  • Protocols

  • Operating procedures

Explanation

Question 185 of 50

1

The​ reliable, consistent, and nonarbitrary components of a research​ project, used to explore observations and answer​ questions, are known collectively​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • the scientific method.

  • statistics

  • objectivity

  • engineering design process.

Explanation

Question 186 of 50

1

Which is not a step of the research process as it relates to the scientific method of research for emergency medical services​ (EMS)?

Select one of the following:

  • Poll others in the EMS field for their opinions

  • State the hypothesis or a precise question

  • Set up an experiment to test a hypothesis

  • Do background research on the subject

Explanation

Question 187 of 50

1

In the scientific​ method, the first step is to observe something and ask questions about it. This step is followed by which​ step?

Select one of the following:

  • Getting published

  • Stating a hypothesis

  • Testing the hypothesis

  • Doing background research​ (literature review)

Explanation

Question 188 of 50

1

Which step of the scientific method needs to occur if your hypothesis is found to be​ incorrect?

Select one of the following:

  • Collect data

  • Construct a hypothesis

  • Ask questions

  • Revise the hypothesis

Explanation

Question 189 of 50

1

Research that produces findings not arrived at by means of statistical procedures or other means of quantification is known​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • qualitative

  • prospective

  • quantitative

  • retrospective

Explanation

Question 190 of 50

1

Which type of study would be conducted if the researcher wants to study a behavior in more than one​ context?

Select one of the following:

  • Prospective research

  • Quantitative research

  • Mixed research

  • Qualitative research

Explanation

Question 191 of 50

1

Which type of study would have both prospective and retrospective​ components?

Select one of the following:

  • A mixed study

  • A qualitative study

  • A​ now-and-then study

  • A​ before-and-after study

Explanation

Question 192 of 50

1

An emergency medical services​ (EMS) researcher wants to determine whether the rate of​ drug-related calls has been increasing over the past 10 years. This researcher should conduct what kind of​ study?

Select one of the following:

  • Qualitative

  • Retrospective

  • Mixed

  • Prospective

Explanation

Question 193 of 50

1

An emergency medical services​ (EMS) researcher wants to assimilate all the available data related to the use of endotracheal intubation in children during prehospital care. What type of study will the researcher need to​ conduct?

Select one of the following:

  • Cohort study

  • Meta-analysis

  • Case report

  • Randomized controlled trial

Explanation

Question 194 of 50

1

An emergency medical services​ (EMS) researcher is conducting a study in which some patients in need of analgesia are treated with acetaminophen and some are treated with both acetaminophen and ibuprofen. Treatment with acetaminophen alone is the current institutional​ protocol, so patients in this group are the control​ group; patients receiving both acetaminophen and ibuprofen are the treatment group. Patients are randomly assigned a​ group, and neither group of patients knows their group designation. The​ researcher, however, is aware of which patients belong to which group. Based on this​ information, which study type is being​ used?

Select one of the following:

  • Double blind study type

  • Single blind study type

  • Nonrandomized controlled trial study type

  • Cohort study type

Explanation

Question 195 of 50

1

Which type of research is scientific research at its most basic​ level?

Select one of the following:

  • Animal research

  • Nonrandomized controlled trials

  • Randomized controlled trials

  • Bench research

Explanation

Question 196 of 50

1

What type of research has the highest level of​ evidence?

Select one of the following:

  • Randomized controlled trial

  • Clinical observation

  • Descriptive studies

  • Expert opinion

Explanation

Question 197 of 50

1

What is the purpose of an institutional review board​ (IRB)?

Select one of the following:

  • To review the credentials of researchers taking part in the project

  • To approve the study for journal publication

  • To verify the accuracy of research findings

  • To ensure the protection of human subjects in research

Explanation

Question 198 of 50

1

Which document regarding research identifies the​ following: respect for the​ individual, ability of the subject to make an informed decision about participating in the​ research, and assurance by the researcher that the​ patient's safety will be​ protected?

Select one of the following:

  • Nuremburg Code of 1947

  • Geneva Convention

  • Tuskegee Accord

  • Helsinki Declaration

Explanation

Question 199 of 50

1

Overall, research is now a much safer endeavor and has provided many of the advancements in modern medical​ care; however:

Select one of the following:

  • there is a much lower risk to the general population since volunteer prisoners are commonly used.

  • there is still a potential for harm in many studies.

  • all study information is not yet available in the Belmont Report.

  • prehospital care has yet to fully benefit.

Explanation

Question 200 of 50

1

In the United​ States, informed consent is​ required:

Select one of the following:

  • for all medical experiments except emergency medical services​ (EMS).

  • for some medical experiments.

  • only for EMS related experiments.

  • for all medical experiments.

Explanation

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