Jake Anderson
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paramedic Pediatrics Quiz on Pediatrics (6th edition), created by Jake Anderson on 04/09/2023.

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Jake Anderson
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Pediatrics (6th edition)

Question 1 of 48

1

A viral infection of the pediatric upper airway that results in inflammation of the subglottic region is known​ as:

Select one of the following:

  • epiglottitis

  • bronchiolitis

  • croup

  • bronchitis

Explanation

Question 2 of 48

1

An inflammation of an airway structure that is often due to a bacterial infection in children and is known to be potentially life threatening​ is:

Select one of the following:

  • epiglottitis.

  • nasopharyngealitis.

  • laryngotracheobronchitis.

  • glottitis

Explanation

Question 3 of 48

1

Which of these is the best description of​ asthma?

Select one of the following:

  • Viral infection of the lower airways

  • Inflammatory disease of the lower airways

  • Bacterial infection of the lower airways

  • Bacterial or viral disease of the upper airways

Explanation

Question 4 of 48

1

What type of shock in the pediatric patient occurs when there is a marked decrease in peripheral vascular​ resistance?

Select one of the following:

  • Distributive

  • Cardiogenic

  • Hypovolemic

  • Obstructive

Explanation

Question 5 of 48

1

Which of these terms should be used to convey the preventable nature of childhood​ trauma?

Select one of the following:

  • Injury

  • Accident

  • Misadventure

  • Mishap

Explanation

Question 6 of 48

1

Which of these terms is best applied to the majority of childhood​ injuries?

Select one of the following:

  • Unavoidable

  • Inevitable

  • Preventable

  • Unforeseeable

Explanation

Question 7 of 48

1

Several large emergency medical services​ (EMS) systems have abandoned the practice of pediatric endotracheal intubation in favor of​ simple:

Select one of the following:

  • bag-valve mask​ (BVM) ventilation

  • rapid transport.

  • tracheotomy.

  • continuous positive airway pressure​ (CPAP).

Explanation

Question 8 of 48

1

The less frequently a paramedic uses a​ skill, the:

Select one of the following:

  • more likely that it is outside the scope of the​ paramedic's practice.

  • more frequently it should be practiced.

  • less time it will take to perform.

  • more likely it is never to be necessary.

Explanation

Question 9 of 48

1

While you are questioning a​ 4-year-old with abdominal​ pain, he tells you that his stomach started hurting last week. Which of the following should you do​ next?

Select one of the following:

  • Continue your interview with the parents because the child is unreliable.

  • Continue questioning the child but verify information with the parents.

  • Understand that pain of this duration is always an emergency.

  • Ask the parents why they waited so long to seek help.

Explanation

Question 10 of 48

1

You are caring for a​ 5-year-old who was injured when his older brother accidentally stabbed him in the thigh with a pocketknife. The patient has lost about 350 mL of blood. He is​ pale, with​ cool, diaphoretic​ skin, and is awake but very still. As part of your​ treatment, you have applied direct pressure to the​ wound, stopped the​ bleeding, and covered the patient with a blanket. The​ patient's mother is very upset and does not want to let go of the​ child's hand. How should you go about completing your​ treatment?

Select one of the following:

  • Ask the mother why the boys​ weren't supervised more closely.

  • Ask your partner to take the mother to another room so you can work.

  • Show the mother where to​ sit, so she can remain with the child while allowing you to work.

  • Tell the mother she needs to stay out of the way so you can do your work.

Explanation

Question 11 of 48

1

You are caring for a​ 6-year-old who was struck by a car on the street in front of her home in a very impoverished part of town. Her distraught father yells at you to hurry up and​ says, "If this was a kid on the other side of the​ tracks, you would be moving​ faster!" Which of the following is the most appropriate​ response?

Select one of the following:

  • "Sir, I can either pay attention to you and address your concerns or pay attention to your child. Please allow me to do my​ job."

  • ​"I know this is upsetting. We are moving as fast as we can without making her condition worse. As long as I have your word that you​ won't yell at​ us, you can ride in the​ ambulance, and we will tell you everything we are​ doing."

  • "Sir, if you​ don't calm​ down, the police are going to remove you from the​ scene."

  • "Don't yell at us. We were not the ones who were responsible for keeping her out of the​ street."

Explanation

Question 12 of 48

1

Generally, adolescents:

Select one of the following:

  • are unreliable witnesses.

  • are good historians.

  • defer to authority.

  • follow their​ parents' lead.

Explanation

Question 13 of 48

1

You are transporting a dehydrated​ 9-month-old who has had a​ fever, vomiting, and diarrhea for 12 hours. He is lethargic with​ pale, cool, mottled skin and capillary refill time of 4 seconds. His respiratory rate is​ 38, and you have initiated oxygen due to a low pulse oximeter reading and have started an intraosseous​ (IO) infusion followed by an initial bolus of fluid according to protocol. The​ patient's perfusion has not improved. Which of the following is the best choice with regard to fluid​ resuscitation?

Select one of the following:

  • Maintain the fluid at a​ keep-open rate.

  • Give a second bolus of 20​ mL/kg.

  • Infuse fluids​ wide-open.

  • Give a larger second bolus of 40​ mL/kg.

Explanation

Question 14 of 48

1

You should consider the heart rate of a​ 5-year-old patient to be bradycardic beginning at a rate below how many beats per​ minute?

Select one of the following:

  • 70

  • 60

  • 80

  • 90

Explanation

Question 15 of 48

1

Which of these is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in an infant or a young​ child?

Select one of the following:

  • Congenital heart disease

  • Airway and respiratory problems

  • Commotio cordis

  • Acute myocardial infarction

Explanation

Question 16 of 48

1

Compared to an​ adult's, an​ infant's or a​ child's:

Select one of the following:

  • lung tissues are more fragile.

  • ribs are harder and stiffer.

  • mediastinum is less mobile.

  • chest muscles tire less easily.

Explanation

Question 17 of 48

1

Above what respiratory rate would a​ 10-year-old child be considered to be breathing abnormally​ fast?

Select one of the following:

  • 36/min

  • 24/min

  • 20/min

  • 32/min

Explanation

Question 18 of 48

1

According to the pediatric assessment​ triangle, which of the following is used to assess the work of breathing when forming a general impression of the​ patient?

Select one of the following:

  • Auscultating the lung sounds

  • Presence of​ grunting, stridor,​ wheezing, and crowing

  • Heart rate

  • Skin color

Explanation

Question 19 of 48

1

What age should a pediatric patient be before blood pressures are routinely​ utilized?

Select one of the following:

  • 3 years

  • 1 month

  • 5 years

  • 1 year

Explanation

Question 20 of 48

1

According to the pediatric assessment​ triangle, which of the following is used to assess circulation to the​ skin?

Select one of the following:

  • Skin color

  • Capillary refill time

  • Skin temperature

  • Peripheral pulses

Explanation

Question 21 of 48

1

A​ 4-year-old male patient presents with​ stridor, a​ cough, and hoarseness when speaking. The paramedic​ should:

Select one of the following:

  • begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation​ (CPR).

  • place the patient in a position of comfort and transport immediately.

  • perform a series back blows followed by a series of chest thrusts.

  • perform a series of abdominal thrusts.

Explanation

Question 22 of 48

1

You are suctioning a​ 10-year-old female​ patient's airway following the patient having vomited. The patient has a decreased level of consciousness. You​ should:

Select one of the following:

  • suction no deeper than you can see.

  • stimulate the vagus nerve.

  • use the largest flexible catheter available.

  • decrease suction pressure to less than 100 mmHg.

Explanation

Question 23 of 48

1

An​ 8-year-old male patient presents with​ pale, cool, clammy​ skin; tachycardia and​ tachypnea; a weak peripheral​ pulse; and a decreased level of consciousness. The parents say the patient has been sick and vomiting with diarrhea for several days. According to his​ vitals, he is at the tail end of compensated​ shock, and his pulse oximeter reading is​ 90%. Your treatment should​ include:

Select one of the following:

  • administration of supplemental oxygen and establishment of IV access for a 20​ mL/kg bolus of normal saline.

  • establishment of IV access for a 100​ mL/kg bolus of lactated​ Ringer's.

  • Blow-by oxygen and rapid transport in a position of comfort.

  • ​intubation, continuous positive airway pressure​ (CPAP), and establishment of IV access for a​ wide-open bolus of normal saline.

Explanation

Question 24 of 48

1

A​ 7-year-old child is in cardiac arrest after experiencing respiratory arrest. Treatment for this patient should NOT​ include:

Select one of the following:

  • epinephrine administration every 10 minutes in the pediatric patient.

  • placement of an IV.

  • placement of an advanced airway.

  • administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation​ (CPR).

Explanation

Question 25 of 48

1

What is the oxygenation goal for a pediatric patient receiving​ oxygen?

Select one of the following:

  • SpO2 of 94 percent or greater

  • SpO2 of 95 percent or greater except​ newborns, who should always receive​ 100% O2 until reaching the emergency department​ (ED) regardless of SpO2

  • SpO2 of 100 percent for pediatric patients without a history of pulmonary disease

  • A heart rate of 100 is reached

Explanation

Question 26 of 48

1

When performing ventilation on an infant receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation​ (CPR), it may likely be necessary​ to:

Select one of the following:

  • utilize a​ flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device.

  • perform a needle cricothyrotomy.

  • hyperextend the neck to open the airway.

  • occlude the​ pop-off valve.

Explanation

Question 27 of 48

1

When does respiratory failure​ occur?

Select one of the following:

  • The patient experiences an increase in arterial carbon dioxide tension.

  • The patient experiences increased work of breathing.

  • The cessation of breathing follows a period of bradypnea and agonal respirations.

  • The respiratory system is unable to meet the​ body's demands for oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal.

Explanation

Question 28 of 48

1

If​ present, which of the following findings should alert the paramedic that a child is in respiratory​ failure?

Select one of the following:

  • Profound cyanosis

  • Head bobbing

  • Grunting

  • Retractions

Explanation

Question 29 of 48

1

You are caring for a​ 2-year-old child who has been sick with a​ fever, diarrhea, and vomiting for 24 hours. To assess​ perfusion, which of these would provide you with the least reliable information about​ dehydration?

Select one of the following:

  • Dryness of mucous membranes

  • Warmth and color of skin

  • Mental status

  • Blood pressure​ (BP)

Explanation

Question 30 of 48

1

Which of the following presentations is most consistent with​ bronchiolitis?

Select one of the following:

  • Runny​ nose, sore​ throat, cough, and​ low-grade fever that progress to ear pain in 2 to 3 days

  • Mild lower respiratory infection signs and symptoms that progressively deteriorate over 1 to 2 days to respiratory distress with​ fever, cough,​ tachypnea, crackles in the​ lungs, and wheezing

  • Mild upper respiratory signs and symptoms that progress in 1 to 2 days to inspiratory​ stridor, hoarseness, and a​ "seal bark" cough at night

  • Rapid onset of high​ fever, dyspnea, inspiratory​ stridor, and drooling

Explanation

Question 31 of 48

1

In the secondary assessment of a​ 7-year-old child with difficulty breathing and a history of reactive airway​ disease, which of the following would give the paramedic the least amount of relevant information about the​ patient's ventilation and​ oxygenation?

Select one of the following:

  • Listening to the breath sounds

  • Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale​ (GCS) score

  • Palpating the abdomen

  • Pulse oximetry reading

Explanation

Question 32 of 48

1

A​ seven-year-old female patient who was drowning in a pond was rescued and resuscitated prior to your arrival. It is a cold​ day, and the water soaking the​ patient's clothing is very cold. What can you assume for this​ patient?

Select one of the following:

  • The child experienced drowning without morbidity.

  • Having been​ resuscitated, the child will suffer no ill effects from anoxia.

  • The child is not in danger of neurological deficits because she only experienced a near drowning.

  • The low temperature of the water might have helped protect the child against brain injury.

Explanation

Question 33 of 48

1

Which of the following actions should you take if you suspect that your pediatric patient is a victim of​ abuse?

Select one of the following:

  • Report your findings to the appropriate​ authorities, including to the receiving hospital personnel.

  • Request a social services​ follow-up visit for after the child is discharged from the hospital.

  • Tell the parents that you are obligated by law to contact law enforcement and that they need to stay on the scene until law enforcement arrives.

  • Contact medical direction to report your suspicions and request direction about contacting law enforcement.

Explanation

Question 34 of 48

1

Which of the following findings seems least consistent with child​ abuse?

Select one of the following:

  • Bilateral foot burns in a​ 6-month-old

  • Bruises on both knees of a​ 5-year-old

  • Bite marks on the shoulder of a​ 1-year-old

  • Circumoral ecchymosis of a​ 3-month-old

Explanation

Question 35 of 48

1

What term is used to describe the situation in which a child is regularly​ threatened, yelled​ at, or humiliated but not otherwise​ harmed?

Select one of the following:

  • Social abuse

  • Psychological abuse

  • Physical abuse

  • Sexual abuse

Explanation

Question 36 of 48

1

Which of these statements is​ true?

Select one of the following:

  • The victims of sexual abuse typically do not know the perpetrators.

  • The paramedic always must report suspected sexual abuse to the appropriate authorities and the medical personnel who will be assuming care of the patient.

  • Something is not sexual abuse unless it involves an overt act involving physically touching the victim.

  • Sexual abuse typically causes physical harm and so rarely goes unreported for long.

Explanation

Question 37 of 48

1

Which of these statements best describes why paramedics should be knowledgeable about pediatric patients who are dependent on medical​ technology?

Select one of the following:

  • Emergency medical technicians​ (EMTs) must be able to make emergency repairs or adjustments to​ life-sustaining equipment.

  • Emergency medical services​ (EMS) may be called when the medical condition worsens or a medical device fails.

  • EMS providers are involved in routine home health care of patients with special medical challenges.

  • A public health function of EMS is to make routine checks of specialized medical devices.

Explanation

Question 38 of 48

1

What is a common complication of a tracheostomy tube that a mucus plug may​ cause?

Select one of the following:

  • Air embolism

  • Obstruction

  • Altered mental status

  • Air leakage

Explanation

Question 39 of 48

1

You are on scene with a pediatric patient who is obtunded due to a congenital brain defect. As you are assessing the​ patient, you note that she has a gastric feeding tube and currently is hooked up to a machine that is delivering a feeding. You have not seen this type of pump before and have little experience with gastric tubes. What action should you​ take?

Select one of the following:

  • Take the equipment with the patient.

  • Turn off the equipment in preparation for transport.

  • Disable any alarms on the equipment in preparation for transport.

  • Ask the patient and caregivers about the device.

Explanation

Question 40 of 48

1

When responding to a report of a patient with difficulty​ breathing, you find a pediatric male about 3 years old in a hospital bed at home. He is cared for 24 hours a day by his parents. You note a​ small, round tube that exits from the​ patient's neck, through which he is breathing. Given this​ finding, which of these devices does the patient most likely​ have?

Select one of the following:

  • Dual lumen catheter

  • Tracheostomy tube

  • Airway catheter

  • Endotracheal tube

Explanation

Question 41 of 48

1

JumpSTART provides a framework for triage decisions that​ is:

Select one of the following:

  • biased

  • objective

  • emotional

  • unjust

Explanation

Question 42 of 48

1

Which of the following best identifies the age group of patients who should be triaged by using the JumpSTART​ system?

Select one of the following:

  • School-age and adolescent children

  • Patients who look younger than a young adult

  • Toddlers and preschoolers

  • Infants, toddlers, and preschoolers

Explanation

Question 43 of 48

1

Which statement best describes the purpose of the JumpSTART triage​ method?

Select one of the following:

  • To find and treat all of a​ patient's injuries before moving him or her

  • To treat all patients as they are discovered

  • To do the most good for the greatest number of patients

  • To treat the​ youngest, healthiest patients first

Explanation

Question 44 of 48

1

High winds blew down a tent at an outdoor high school graduation reception. A fire started from the fuel used for the hot buffet. Several people were injured by the tent​ collapse, and several patients have burns. The first patient you triage is a​ 3-year-old girl. She is not breathing. You open her​ airway, but she does not start breathing. What is the next​ action?

Select one of the following:

  • Check the​ patient's pulse.

  • Categorize the patient as black.

  • Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation​ (CPR), beginning with chest compressions.

  • Deliver five rescue breaths.

Explanation

Question 45 of 48

1

You are called to a residence for a​ 7-year-old child in hypovolemic shock. You note evidence of severe​ dehydration, hypoxia, and malnutrition. The child is wearing dirty clothes and appears to be unwashed. The​ child's home is visibly unclean. What is your immediate​ priority?

Select one of the following:

  • Treat the child for​ shock, administering oxygen and establishing IV access for the replacement of fluids.

  • Call in law enforcement to take the caregivers into custody for neglect while maintaining a safe distance.

  • Immediately call in the case as child abuse.

  • Carefully question the​ child's caregivers about the​ child's circumstances.

Explanation

Question 46 of 48

1

You respond to a call for a​ 10-year-old patient who hit a road sign while traveling at high speed on a bicycle. The child is unconscious with no eye opening or motor or verbal response and has a severe contusion to the head. You note elevated blood pressure but a depressed heart rate with​ decreasing, deep respirations and an SpO2 of 92 percent. What do you assess as the​ problem, and how do you manage this​ patient?

Select one of the following:

  • Severe traumatic brain injury with increasing intracranial​ pressure, to be managed with rapid sequence intubation and rapid transport to a pediatric trauma facility

  • Mild traumatic brain injury with decreasing intracranial​ pressure, to be managed with rapid sequence​ intubation, ventilation, and rapid transport to a pediatric trauma facility

  • Moderate traumatic brain injury with increasing intracranial​ pressure, to be managed with endotracheal​ intubation, ventilation, and rapid transport to a pediatric trauma facility

  • Severe traumatic brain injury with increasing intracranial​ pressure, to be managed with rapid sequence​ intubation, ventilation, and rapid transport to a pediatric trauma facility

Explanation

Question 47 of 48

1

You note gastric distention in a​ 6-month-old patient experiencing respiratory failure you are attempting to ventilate but for whom you are not able to achieve adequate tidal volume. What do you​ do?

Select one of the following:

  • Administer a neuromuscular blocker.

  • Place a laryngeal mask airway.

  • Insert a 12 French nasogastric tube.

  • Insert an 8.0 French nasogastric tube.

Explanation

Question 48 of 48

1

A​ 12-year-old patient collided face first with another child while both were riding bikes. The patient bit his tongue when his jaw was struck and received a black right eye and bloody nose. He is alert and​ oriented, and after you suction some blood from his airway appears to have no respiratory​ compromise, with respirations clear bilaterally and​ 20/minute. Your index of suspicion should be high for what other​ injury?

Select one of the following:

  • Severe traumatic brain injury

  • Dental

  • Chest

  • Cervical spine

Explanation

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