what is substance abuse?

what is addiction

what are examples of dangerous drugs?

why do people still take them anyway?

when does the reinforcing stimuli have a greater effect?

for the neural mechanisms behind positive reinforcement, where does dopamine get released from?

which system of the brain does the process of addiction begin?

what is the part of the brain that is first affected by addiction?

what do changes in the VTA lead to?

what is the basal ganglia important for?

what can synaptic changes be responsible for?

describe the functions of the dopamine pathway in contrast to the serotonin pathway

what can a person develop over continued usage of a drug?

what can this lead up to when trying to get off the drugs?

what can withdrawal be like?

what can the withdrawal symptoms serve as with continuing drug abuse?

when can a craving occur?

why can it occur

what can drug related stimuli elicit?

what did Franken say cravings of drugs was a result of?

dopamine plays a role in...

what does the PFC play a role in?

what is the most commonly used opiate & what costs does it bring?

what are some bad features of heroin?

what are some of the effects with increased stimulation of opiate receptors in the brain?

what is the similar effect cocaine & amphetamine have?

but whats the difference in their sites of action?

are rats more likely to die from cocaine or heroine? by how much?

what does the destruction of dopaminergic terminals or blocking receptors do?

what receptors does nicotine activate?

what can damage to the unsula cause with smoking addiction?

what are the potential effects of alcohol

what are alcohol's two major action sites?

what is the reinforcing effect from alcohol thought to be due to?

without the suppressive effect of alcohol, what can the increases sensitivity in NMDA receptors cause?

what is korsakoff's syndrome?

what is the key component in cannabis?

what mediates the psychotropic effects of THC?

what effect does THC have on the dopaminergic system?

how much % of drugs vulnerability is attributed to genetic factors?

what can blocking the CB1 receptors do?