forces that energize, direct, and sustian a persons efforts

a motivation thoery stating that people have consious goals that energize them and direct thier thoughts and behaviors toward a particular end

targets that are particularly demanding, sometimes even thought to be impossible

a law formulated by Edward Thorndike in 1911 stating that behavior that is followed by postive consequences will likely be repeated

positive consequences that motivate behavior

applying a consequence that increases the likeihood of a person repqeting the behavior that led to it

removing or withholding an undesirable consequence

administering an aversive consequence

withdrawing or failing to provide a reinforcing consequence

a thoery proposing that people will behave based on thier percieved likeihood that thier effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcme

employees perception of the likihood that thier efforts will enable them to attain thier performance goals

the perceived likeihood that performance will be followed by a particular outcome

the value an outcome holds for the person contemplating it