The secretory portion of the submandibular gland is: serous, mucous and mixed acini
Parotid gland (glandula parotis) is serous gland.
The lamina muscularis mucosae of the oesophagus is built of striated skeletal muscle
The entire esophagus is located intraperitonally
The covering epithelium of the stomach is unilayered cylindrical resorptive epithelium.
Circular folds (plicae circulares) are typical for the large intestine
The lining of the villi intestinales of the small intestine is simple columnar epithelium
The exocrine part of the pancreas is made of mucous acini
The exocrine part of the pancreas is occupied by serous acini
The lingual papillae are located on its back, dorsum linguae and on its root, radix linguae
The Paneth cells are located in the glands of Lieberkuhn of the small intestine.
The bile surface of the hepatocyte faces the space of Disse.
The Kupffer cells are macrophages.
The sinusoids of the liver are fenestrated capillaries
The vascular pole of the hepatocytes is towards the sinusoid
The biliary pole of the hepatocytes is towards the sinusoid
The duodenal glands are in the lamina propria of the mucous membrane
B cells of the Langerhans islets produce glucagon
A cells of the pancreas secrete insulin
The parietal cells are typical for the large intestine
The muscles of the palatum mole are striated skeletal muscles, involuntary.
Arcus palatoglossus and arcus palatopharyngeus surround recessus piriformis
Odontoblasts are located:
In the peripheral layer of the pulp
In the canalicules
In between the dentin and enamelum
In the periodontium
Which muscle is forming oral diaphragm (diaphragma oris)
m. Stylohyoideus
m. Geniohyoideus
M. Genioglossus
M. styloglossus
The space of Disse is located in:
Periportal zone
Between hepatocytes in the hepatic plates
Between hepatocytes and sinusoids
Between two adjacent sinusoids
The sinusoids in the liver are:
Venules
Fenestrated capillaries
Wide capillaries with incomplete lining
Arteriolae
The main cells of the stomach secrete:
Mucus
Chlorides
Pepsinogen
Pepsin
The intracellular canaliculi are characteristic of:
The chief cells
The goblet cells
The Panth cells
The parietal cells
The epithelium of tonsilla palatine is:
Multistratified non-keratinizing epithelium
Multistratified keratinizing epithelium
Henle's epithelium
Pseudostratified ciliated epithelium
The epithelium of the oesophagus is:
Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium
Transitional epithelium of Henle
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Tunica muscularis of the oesophagus consists of:
Smooth muscle
Striated skeletal muscle
In the upper third is striated skeletal muscle
In the upper part is smooth muscle
Lamina muscularis mucosae of the esophagus is
Smooth muscle tissue
Striated skeletal muscle tissue
Half smooth muscle tissue and half striated skeletal muscle tissue
There are microvilli on the surface of:
Parital cells of the fundus glands
Chief cell of the fundus
The Panth Cellsthe
Absorptive cells
Which of these is not a feature of the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract?
Lamina propria
Goblet cells
Myenteric plexus
Plicae circulares
Adults have 12 true molars
4
8
12
16
Teeth are composed of:
Enamel, Gingiva, Dentin
Enamel, Dentin, Cementum
Enamel, Ginigiva, Dentin, cementum
Enamel, Dentin, cementum, pulpa
Which of these is not one of the three pairs of extrinsic salivary glands?
Parotid
Palatine
Submandibular
Sublingual
Stomach cells which secrete hydrochloric acid are:
Parietal
Goblet
Principle
Argentaffin
Which of these is a structural modification unique to the small intestine?
Plicae Circulares
Villi
Microvilli
All of these are unique to the small intestine.
None of these are unique to the small intestine.
The longitudinal muscle layer of the large intestine forms three distinct muscle bands called:
Sigmoid colon
Taeniae coli
Haustra
Epiploic Appendages
Within the liver, bile is produced by:
Kupffer cells
Endothelial cells of the sinusoids
Hepatocytes
The condition in which the liver becomes infused with fibrous tissue and is unable to repair itself is known as:
Hepatitis
Cirrhosis
Jaundice
Hepatoma
Enteroendocrine cells differ from goblet cells in which of the following ways?
The direction of release of secretion
The use of exocytosis for release of secretory product from the cell
Their presence in the small and large intestine
Their origin from a crypt stem cell
Secretion by a regulated pathway
There are no taste buds in:
Papilla fungiformis
Papilla Circumvallata
Papilla Filiformis
Papilla Foliata
The type of epithelium associated with the vermilion zone of the lips is
Stratified squamous nonkeratinized
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
Stratified squamous keratinized
Cuboidal
Columnar
Intercellular canals are typical for:
Parietal cells
Paneth cells
Main cells
Secretin and cholecystokinin are produced and secreted by cells in the lining of the alimentary tract. Which of the following statements about these two substances is true?
They are produced by the main cells of the stomach.
They are digested enzymes produces by the duodenum
They are produced by Paneth cells
They are hormones that have target cells in the pancreas and the billary tract. They are produced by diffuse neuroendocrine cells (DNES cells)
They are produced by Brunner glands and released into the lumina of the crypts of Lieberkuhn
Odontoblasts produce?
Cementum
Enamel
Dentin
Which of the following statements concerning the principle fibre bundles of the periodontal ligament is true?
They are composed of elastin
They extend from the cementum to the enamel
They extend from the dentin to the cementum
They are composed of collagen
They extend from one tooth to the next
Passage of a bolus through the esophagus into the stomach is facilitated by which of the following?
Peristaltic activity of the esophageal muscularis externa
Peristaltic activity of the gastric muscularis mucosae
Reflux through the pharyngoesophageal sphinter
Smooth muscle in the esophageal muscularis mucosae
Reflux through the gastroesopheal sphincter
The small intestine has three histologically distinct regions. Which of the following statements concerning the histological differences in the three regions is true?
Peyer patches are present only in the ileum.
Goblet cells are present only in the epithelium of the duodenum
Brunner glands are located in the duodenum
Lacteals are present only in the lamina propria of the ileum
The muscularis mucosae contains three layers of smooth muscle in the ileum and two layers in the duodenum and jejunum.
Which of the following materials can be absorbed directly by the surface lining cells of the stomach?
Vitamin B12
Polysaccharides
Chylomicrons
Triglycerides
Alcohol
Which of the following statements concerning liver sinusoids is true?
They are continous with a bile canaliculi
They are surronded by a well-developed basal lamina
They are lined by a nonfenestrated endothelial cells
They deliver blood to the central vein.
They deliver blood to the portal vein
Which of the following statements concerning the gallbladder is true?
It synthesizes bile
It is lined by a simple columnar epithelium
Bile leaves the gallbladder via the common bile duct
It has no muscle cells in the walls
It is affected by the hormone secretin
Acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas secrete
Glucagon
Lysozyme
Insulin
Plasma Proteins
Proteases
Pancreatic A-Cells (Alpha) secrete
Pancreatic B-Cells secrete
Plasma proteins
Cells in the pancreas that secrete glucagon and insulin are which of the following?
A and B Cells
Acinar Cells
D Cells
Pancreatic D1 cells
Pancreatic Polypeptide Cells
Serous cells are glandular acinar cells that produce a watery, proteinaceous fluid. This cell type is most predominant in which of the following glands?
Esophageal glands
Intestinal glands (of Lieberkun)
The parotid gland
The sublingual gland
The submandibular gland
Submandibular acinar cells secrete
glucagon
lysozyme
Plasma Protein
Hepatocytes secrete
Which of the following structures contain both smooth and skeletal muscle tissue?
Stomach
Jejenum
Cecum
Esophagus
Rectum
The bile and pancreatic ducts enter which of the following structures?
2nd Portion of the duodenum
Ileum
Liver
Circular folds (plicae circulares) are characteristic of which of the following structures?
Transverse colon
Jejunum
Omental appendices are located on which of the following structures?
Duodenum
Ascending colon
There are no tenia coli in which of the following structures?
Transverse Colon
Descending colon
Appendix
The main pancreatic duct and the bile duct unite to form which of the following structures?
Common bile duct
Hepatic duct
Accessory pancreatic duct
Cystic Duct
Hepatopancreatic ampulla
The round ligament of the liver is the fibrous remnant of which of the following structures?
Umbilical vein
Ductus venosus
Ductus arteriosus
Umbilical artery
Urachus
The porta hepatis gives passage to all of the following structures EXCEPT
Portal vein
Hepatic artery
Hepatic ducts
Lymphatic vessels
Cystic artery
The anatomical left and right lobes of the liver are separated on the diaphragmatic surface of the liver by which of the following structures?
Fissure for the round ligament of the liver
Fissure for the ligamentum venosum
Falciform ligament
Porta hepatis
Lesser omentum
For the parotid gland (glandula parotidea) the following is characteristic:
It is the smallest gland between the salivary glands
Is situated under the floor of the oral cavity
It is pure serous gland
Ductus sublingualis major opens in canalicula sublingualis
it is mixed serous-mucous gland
The pharynx:
There are 3 parts in its cavity
Epithelium of the mucous membrane in the nasopharynx is stratified squamous nonkeratinizing
m.constrictor pharyngis superior has 4 parts
Ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae is in nasopharynx
the muscles of the pharynx are constrictors and levatores
The tongue:
Has striated skeletal muscles and proper muscles
The root is innervated by n.lingualis
Chorda tympani innervates gustatory the anterior 2/3 of the mucous membrane of the tongue
There are no taste buds in the papillae filiformes
The epithelium is stratified squamous nonkeratinized
The liver:
There are kupffer cells - components of the phagocyte system
The bile pole of the hepatocyte faces on the space of Disse
The afferent blood supply of the liver is functional and nutritive
The shape of the portal lobule is rhomboid
Has two surfaces: Diaphragmatic and visceral
Typical for the small intestine is:
It secretes pepsinogen
It secretes mucus
It secretes gastrin
Resorptive function
Unistratified cylindrical resorption epithelium
3 parts caecum, colon et rectum
Plicae semilunares
3 tenia coli
villi intestinales
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
The small intestine:
Consists of 3 parts: duodenum, jejunum and ileum
The free surface columnar cells (absorptive cells) show cilia
The longitudinal muscular layer in its wall its collected in three bands, tenia coli
The epithelium of the mucous membrane is simple columnar absorptive epithelium
Brunner's glands are in the tela submucosa of the jejunum
The large intestine:
The mucous membrane forms the folds, circular folds (plicae circulares)
The longitudinal muscular layer in its wall is collected in 3 bands, tenia coli
The epithelium of the mucous membrane is simple columnar secreting
It has villi
The lips:
Are built of muscles and covered on the inner surface with mucous membrane, and on the outer surface with the skin
The epithelium of the mucous membrane is stratified sqaumous nonkeratinized
receive the blood supply from a.facialis
The intermediate zone is lined with skin with very thin epidermis
The mucous membrane is rich in glands
The Stomach:
The cardiac glands are in tela submucosa
Consists of pars cardiaca, fundus, pars pilorica.
The gastric glands produce pepsinogen, hydrochloric acid, mucus
Its epithelium is simple columnar secreting
The muscular coat of stomach is built of the smooth muscle in two layers
The Pancreas:
Is a mixed gland with exocrine and endocrine function
Is located intraperitoneal (it is covered with peritoneum)
Its exocrine part is compound tubuloacinar gland
A-Cells secrete somatostatin
Ductus pancreaticus opens in pars decendens duodeni
The auditory tube opens in its nasal part
Is musculo-membranous tube with the skeleton of hialine cartilage
Its wall is built of smooth muscles
mm. constrictores are 4
Recessus piriformis is behind the ostium pharyngeum tubae auditiva