Kidney Structure and Function

Question 1 of 11

1

Surrounding the kidney from superficial to deep are?

Select one of the following:

inferior renal capsule, superior renal capsule, paranephric fat, fascia, perinephric fat
inferior renal capsule, superior renal capsule, perinephric fat, fascia paranephric fat

Explanation

Question 2 of 11

1

The kidney is a retroperitoneal structure. The renal hilum (entrance to the kidney) has three vessels enter. From anterior to posterior they are?

Select one of the following:

Renal artery, Renal vein, Renal Pelvis
Renal Pelvis, Renal vein, Renal Artery
Renal Vein, Renal Artery, Renal Pelvis

Explanation

Question 3 of 11

1

The right renal artery is ___and passes _to the IVC.
The left renal vein is and receives the L) _____. Each vein drains into the _

Select one or more of the following:

longer
posterior
shorter
suprarenal
IVC

Explanation

Question 4 of 11

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Each nephron is an independent entity until the point at which its collecting ducts merge with other collecting ducts. The nephron consists of a ( glomerulus, bowmans capsule, arteriole ) and tubule. The glomerulus is a cluster of blood vessels from which the plasma filtrate originates. The tubule is an epithelial structure consisting of many subdivisions including the PCT, thin descending limb, thick ascending limb and the DCT.

Explanation

Question 5 of 11

1

Within the renal cortex there are two types of populations of nephrons. Superficial nephrons and ❌ nephrons which play a special role in ❌ of urine, having ❌ loops of henle.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

juxtamedullary

intermedullary

concentration

dilution

long

wide

short

Explanation

Question 6 of 11

15

Label these structures of the kidney?

Drag the answer into the correct orange point.

Medulla

Interlobular arterioles

Renal artery

Renal vein

Hilum

Pelvis

Ureter

Minor calyx

Capsule

Nephrons

Major Calyx

Renal Papilla

Renal Column

Explanation

Question 7 of 11

1

The PCT has cuboidal epithelium with microvilli to increase surface area. The DCT has?

Select one or more of the following:

cuboidal epithelium
microvilli
stratified squamous epithelium
no microvilli

Explanation

Question 8 of 11

1

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The control of blood flow in the kidney occurs by:
1. ( Myogenic Response, Neurogenic Response, Vascular Response )- Afferent arterioles have an ability to respond to changes in vessel circumference by contracting or relaxing Mechanism in response to opening of ( stretch-activated, voltage gated ) non-selective cation channels, depolarising the cell and leading to an influx of ( calcium., sodium, potassium )
2. ( Tubuloglomerular Feedback, Juxtamedullary feedback )
The filtrate is detected by the Juxtaglomerular apparatus (macula densa cells) and in response to an increase in GFR, translate this into contraction of the ( afferent, efferent ) arteriole. The ( JGA, Na-K-ATPase pump ) mediates this response.

Explanation

Question 9 of 11

1

An important feature of the renal circulation is its ability to maintain RBF and GFR within narrow limits, even though MAP may vary between?

Select one of the following:

80 and 170mmHg
50-200mmHg
50-170mmHg
80-220mmHg

Explanation

Question 10 of 11

1

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Factors that increase sensitivity of TGF are: volume contraction, ( adenosine, cAMP, Endothlelin ), PGE2, TXA2, Ang 2.
Factors that decrease the sensitivity of TGF are: volume expansion, ( ANP, Adenosine, Endothelin ), NO, cAMP, PGI2,

Explanation

Question 11 of 11

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

The descending limb of the LOH is highly ( permeable, impermeable ) to water but does not extrude ( sodium, potassium ) for reabsorption. The thick ascending limb of the LOH ( actively, passively ) transports sodium and other ions out of the tubular lumen into the interstitium, thus creating a counter-current gradient. Na+ and Cl- reabsorption in the ascending limb is both passive and active (Na/K/Cl-) cotransporter. The filtrate is ( 100m, 200m, 300m ) OSM at the DCT. Urea recycling contributes to the medually osmotic gradient. The urea is unable to leave ascending limb of LOH but is transported by facilitated diffusion in the ( collecting tubule, descending limb ), into the interstitium.
The ( vasa-recta, nephron ) shape and slow blood flow protects this gradient.

	Created by jimmy_sheehan318 about 9 years ago

Kidney structure and function

Kidney Structure and Function

Question 1 of 11

Surrounding the kidney from superficial to deep are?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 11

The kidney is a retroperitoneal structure. The renal hilum (entrance to the kidney) has three vessels enter. From anterior to posterior they are?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 11

The right renal artery is _____and passes _____to the IVC. The left renal vein is____ and receives the L) _____________. Each vein drains into the _______

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 11

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 5 of 11

Within the renal cortex there are two types of populations of nephrons. Superficial nephrons and ❌ nephrons which play a special role in ❌ of urine, having ❌ loops of henle.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 6 of 11

Label these structures of the kidney?

Drag the answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 7 of 11

The PCT has cuboidal epithelium with microvilli to increase surface area. The DCT has?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 11

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 9 of 11

An important feature of the renal circulation is its ability to maintain RBF and GFR within narrow limits, even though MAP may vary between?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 11

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Factors that increase sensitivity of TGF are: volume contraction, adenosine cAMP Endothlelin( adenosine, cAMP, Endothlelin ), PGE2, TXA2, Ang 2. Factors that decrease the sensitivity of TGF are: volume expansion, ANP Adenosine Endothelin( ANP, Adenosine, Endothelin ), NO, cAMP, PGI2,

Explanation

Question 11 of 11

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Explanation

The right renal artery is ___and passes _to the IVC.
The left renal vein is and receives the L) _____. Each vein drains into the _

Factors that increase sensitivity of TGF are: volume contraction, ( adenosine, cAMP, Endothlelin ), PGE2, TXA2, Ang 2.
Factors that decrease the sensitivity of TGF are: volume expansion, ( ANP, Adenosine, Endothelin ), NO, cAMP, PGI2,