Learning and Motivation MCQ

Question 1 of 18

1

In your class you listened to a couple of sounds and examined your reactions to them. When you heard the sound of the dentist's drill, which of the following could accurately describe your emotional reactions to the sound:

Select one of the following:

They were the same as the unconditioned responses
They were the opposite to the unconditioned responses
They were innate responses.
They were similar to the unconditioned responses, but were missing certain features
They were unconditioned responses.

Explanation

Question 2 of 18

1

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding shaping by successive approximations?

Select one of the following:

Shaping can be used to train any possible behaviour.
You make the criteria for reinforcement more stringent as the training proceeds.
Holding off reinforcement keeps them keen.
Shaping occurs more easily with primary reinforcers.
Punishment is an effective way to shape a behaviour.

Explanation

Question 3 of 18

1

A woman had an extreme phobia to frogs (batrachophobia). One rainy day while slipping on a pair of weather-proof boots, she touched a frog that was hiding inside the boot with her foot and suffered a panic attack. Now she can't go near boots. How did this new phobia (to gum boots) arise?

Select one of the following:

Discrimination learning
Generalisation
Secondary conditioning
Instrumental avoidance learning

Explanation

Question 4 of 18

1

Jake has aichmophobia, which is a fear of needles or syringes. This phobia is becoming so severe that he cannot bring himself to visit a doctor, go to the beach, or even walk across public parklands in case he comes into contact with needles. How would you describe this aspect of Jake's behaviour?

Select one of the following:

It is an avoidance response
It is a socially learned response
It is a secondarily conditioned response
It is an omission response
It is a generalised response

Explanation

Question 5 of 18

1

Which of the following phenomenon is ONLY present in instrumental conditioning and not in classical conditioning?

Select one of the following:

The learned response can be extinguished.
The extinguished response can spontaneously recover after a period of time has elapsed.
The learned response can generalise.
The response comes after something happens or after something fails to happen.
The response causes something to happen or prevents something from happening.

Explanation

Question 6 of 18

1

What is an effective way to reduce an avoidance behaviour?

Select one of the following:

Exposure therapy (extinction of the discriminative stimulus
Flooding (preventing the response)
Extinction of the avoidance response
Thinking of kittens. But only really cute ones.
A and B

Explanation

Question 7 of 18

1

A person sees an "open" sign on a shop door and walks into the store to buy something. The sign on the door controls the person's shopping behaviour by acting as a:

Select one of the following:

Conditioned stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus
Discriminative stimulus
Conditioned reinforcer
Positive reinforcer

Explanation

Question 8 of 18

1

Two children are at a party and get into a fight. The parent of the first child doesn't get cross, but immediately takes her child home. The second parent screams at her child. What behavioural management techniques did these two parents use?

Select one of the following:

Negative reinforcement (avoidance learning) and punishment respectively
Negative reinforcement (avoidance learning) and negative punishment (omission training) respectively
Punishment and negative punishment (omission training) respectively
Negative punishment (omission training) and negative reinforcement (avoidance learning) respectively
Negative punishment (omission training) and punishment respectively

Explanation

Question 9 of 18

1

Can classical and instrumental conditioning interact?

Select one of the following:

Yes, an example would be extinction.
Yes, an example would be secondary or conditioned reinforcers.
Yes, but it causes a massive explosion. Clever people are trying to see if they can run cars with this.
Yes, but it has only been observed in Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer in rats.
No, because they are different types of learning.

Explanation

Question 10 of 18

1

Cook et al (1986) examined the acquisition of fears in people by pairing pictures with a brief but unpleasant electric shock. The four pictures they used were: a spider; a flower; a mushroom; a snake. During a test, they were shown the same pictures and their level of stress was monitored via electrocardiogram (for heart rate). There were no differences between these images if they hadn't been followed by shock. However, if these images had been paired with a shock, fear was more potently expressed to the pictures of spiders and snakes than flowers and mushrooms. How might the results of this experiment be interpreted?

Select one of the following:

The subjects were able to learn to fear specific types of stimuli
The subjects were able to learn to fear specific types of stimuli.
The subjects had an innate predisposition to learn to fear specific types of stimuli.
The subjects were born with fears of specific types of stimuli.
A, B and C.
A, B but not C.

Explanation

Question 11 of 18

1

During mating season, the brolga (an Australian native bird) displays a ritual courting "dance". Apart from being renowned for its intricacy and beauty, this courting dance is an example of an FAP. Which of the following statements is therefore most likely to be FALSE?

Select one of the following:

The courting dance can occur spontaneously (i.e. without a releasing stimulus).
Once started, the courting dance continues until it is completed.
The courting dance depends on the brolgas being in the right hormonal state.
Each brolga's courting dance is highly original, changing dramatically from brolga to brolga.
The courting dance lasts longer and involves more muscle systems than a typical reflex.

Explanation

Question 12 of 18

1

Instinctual behaviours differ from reflexes in that instinctual behaviours:

Select one of the following:

(i) involve several muscle systems, (ii) are short-lived, and (iii) are insensitive to the motivational state of the organism.
(i) involve few muscle systems, (ii) are short-lived, and (iii) are sensitive to the motivational state of the organism.
(i) involve several muscle systems, (ii) last longer, and (iii) are sensitive to the motivational state of the organism.
(i) involve no more than three muscle systems, (ii) last longer, and (iii) are insensitive to the motivational state of the organism.
(i) involve few muscle systems, (ii) last longer, and (iii) are insensitive to the motivational state of the organism.

Explanation

Question 13 of 18

1

What is a drive?

Select one of the following:

Emotional tension caused by a biological need.
The 'psychic force' that energises behaviour.
The pleasure induced when a homeostatic need is satisfied.
A tendency to behave brought about by an unsatisfied need.
The big crankshaft underneath your car.

Explanation

Question 14 of 18

1

In an experiment, 4-month old children are played songs that are consonant (harmonic) or dissonant (inharmonic). The babies spent more time fixating on a speaker when the consonant music was played than when the dissonant music was played. What does this experiment tell us?

Select one of the following:

Babies have an innate bias to prefer musical instead of non-musical sound.
The babies preferred consonant music because they became familiar with it from listening to the music their parents play (which is predominantly consonant music).
Babies have an innate predisposition to acquire a love of harmonic melodies.
The babies were more likely to learn to play a musical instrument when they got older.
Options A, B and C are all possible.

Explanation

Question 15 of 18

1

Which of these is the best example of an instinctual response?

Select one of the following:

Seeking warmth when sick.
Cuddling a baby because they are so small and dumpy-looking, have big eyes and a fat head, and their arms and legs are so so short.
Gossiping.
Pole dancing.
Learning a language when young.

Explanation

Question 16 of 18

1

Which of these is the best example of a genetic predisposition?

Select one of the following:

Gossiping.
Learning a language when young.
Seeking warmth when sick.
Cuddling a baby because they are so small and dumpy-looking, have big eyes and a fat head, and their arms and legs are so so short.
Pole dancing.

Explanation

Question 17 of 18

1

Which of these is the best example of a regulatory drive?

Select one of the following:

Cuddling a baby because they are so small and dumpy-looking, have big eyes and a fat head, and their arms and legs are so so short
Gossiping.
Pole dancing.
Learning a language when young.
Seeking warmth when sick.

Explanation

Question 18 of 18

1

Which of these is an example of a universal motive?

Select one of the following:

Cuddling a baby because they are so small and dumpy-looking, have big eyes and a fat head, and their arms and legs are so so short.
Seeking warmth when sick.
Gossiping.
Pole dancing.
Learning a language when young.

	Created by Ani Av about 9 years ago

Tertiary Education Semester 2, 2015 (PSYC1002) Quiz on Learning and Motivation MCQ, created by Ani Av on 17/11/2015.

Learning and Motivation MCQ

Question 1 of 18

In your class you listened to a couple of sounds and examined your reactions to them. When you heard the sound of the dentist's drill, which of the following could accurately describe your emotional reactions to the sound:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 18

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding shaping by successive approximations?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 18

A woman had an extreme phobia to frogs (batrachophobia). One rainy day while slipping on a pair of weather-proof boots, she touched a frog that was hiding inside the boot with her foot and suffered a panic attack. Now she can't go near boots. How did this new phobia (to gum boots) arise?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 18

Jake has aichmophobia, which is a fear of needles or syringes. This phobia is becoming so severe that he cannot bring himself to visit a doctor, go to the beach, or even walk across public parklands in case he comes into contact with needles. How would you describe this aspect of Jake's behaviour?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 18

Which of the following phenomenon is ONLY present in instrumental conditioning and not in classical conditioning?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 18

What is an effective way to reduce an avoidance behaviour?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 18

A person sees an "open" sign on a shop door and walks into the store to buy something. The sign on the door controls the person's shopping behaviour by acting as a:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 18

Two children are at a party and get into a fight. The parent of the first child doesn't get cross, but immediately takes her child home. The second parent screams at her child. What behavioural management techniques did these two parents use?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 18

Can classical and instrumental conditioning interact?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 18

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 18

During mating season, the brolga (an Australian native bird) displays a ritual courting "dance". Apart from being renowned for its intricacy and beauty, this courting dance is an example of an FAP. Which of the following statements is therefore most likely to be FALSE?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 18

Instinctual behaviours differ from reflexes in that instinctual behaviours:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 18

What is a drive?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 18

In an experiment, 4-month old children are played songs that are consonant (harmonic) or dissonant (inharmonic). The babies spent more time fixating on a speaker when the consonant music was played than when the dissonant music was played. What does this experiment tell us?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 18

Which of these is the best example of an instinctual response?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 18

Which of these is the best example of a genetic predisposition?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 18

Which of these is the best example of a regulatory drive?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 18

Which of these is an example of a universal motive?

Select one of the following:

Explanation