Jess Weistuch
Quiz by , created more than 1 year ago

NFS 210, URI exam 3 review

33
0
0
Jess Weistuch
Created by Jess Weistuch about 9 years ago
Close

Energy Metabolism (chapter 9)

Energy Metabolism (chapter 9)

Question 1 of 44

1

What is the definition of metabolism?

Select one of the following:

  • A set of reactions that accomplish a goal

  • The entire network of chemical processes involved in maintaining life

  • the main form of energy the body uses

  • when a substance gains 1 or more electrons

Explanation

Question 2 of 44

1

What is the definition of anabolic?

Select one of the following:

  • the process of building larger more complex compounds from smaller simpler ones

  • the process of breaking down compounds into smaller units

  • series of chemical reactions occurring in a cell

  • oxidation of food molecules resulting in the eventual release of energy, CO2, and water

Explanation

Question 3 of 44

1

What is the primary energy source for cells?

Select one of the following:

  • ADP

  • ARP

  • ATP

  • ALP

Explanation

Question 4 of 44

1

Which is NOT part of the ATP/ADP cycle?

Select one of the following:

  • Break ATP bonds to get energy

  • ADP is formed from ATP

  • ATP is formed from ADP + P

  • FADH2 is formed

Explanation

Question 5 of 44

1

When is a substance oxidized?

Select one of the following:

  • when a substance gains electrons

  • when a substance loses electrons

Explanation

Question 6 of 44

1

Which is not one of the 4 stages in producing ATP from carbohydrates?

Select one of the following:

  • GI Tract

  • Glycolysis

  • Transition Reaction

  • Citric Acid Cycle

  • Electron Transport Chain

Explanation

Question 7 of 44

1

After ATP is formed from carbohydrates, how much ATP does it form?

Select one of the following:

  • 21 ATP

  • 39 ATP

  • 32 ATP

  • 61 ATP

Explanation

Question 8 of 44

1

What is the goal of glycolysis?

Select one of the following:

  • to create ketone bodies

  • to break down glucose into smaller molecules

  • to generate new glucose from certain amino acids

  • to completely eliminate glucose

Explanation

Question 9 of 44

1

What is the macronutrient that is especially easy for the body to store as fat when excess kcal are consumed?

Select one of the following:

  • Lipids

  • Carbohydrates

  • Proteins

  • Vitamins

Explanation

Question 10 of 44

1

What is the goal of the transition reaction?

Select one of the following:

  • Produce NADH, FADH2 from acetyl CoA to use in step 4 (electron transport chain)

  • Form ATP by oxidizing NADH and FADH2 produced

  • Get pyruvate ready for citric acid cycle

  • Break down glucose into smaller molecules

Explanation

Question 11 of 44

1

What is the goal of the citric acid cycle?

Select one of the following:

  • Form ATP by oxidizing NADH and FADH2 produced

  • Break down glucose into smaller molecules

  • Produce NADH, FADH2 from acetyl CoA

  • Break down glucose when there’s no oxygen

Explanation

Question 12 of 44

1

What is NOT true about the electron transport chain?

Select one of the following:

  • the goal is to form ATP by oxidizing NADH and FADH2

  • the end gives you 28 ATP

  • it is a metabolic pathway

  • it is the step before the citric acid cycle

Explanation

Question 13 of 44

1

Aerobic produces more ATP than anerobic

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 44

1

Which organ can manufacture nonessential amino acids, convert fructose to glucose, and build fatty acids from excess glucose?

Select one of the following:

  • liver

  • stomach

  • pancreas

  • heart

Explanation

Question 15 of 44

1

Which metabolic pathway uses amino acids to synthesize glucose when glycogen has been depleted in the body?

Select one of the following:

  • electron transport chain

  • gluconeogenesis

  • citric acid cycle

  • glycolysis

Explanation

Question 16 of 44

1

Which two macronutrients does the body draw on stored forms to provide energy when nutrients from a meal are no longer available?

Select one of the following:

  • vitamins and minerals

  • carbs and minerals

  • carbs and proteins

  • carbs and lipids

Explanation

Question 17 of 44

1

Which macronutrient is replaced in the body's fuel mix when carbs are consumed in excess of the body's needs during 'feasting.'

Select one of the following:

  • lipids

  • proteins

  • alcohol

  • vitamins

Explanation

Question 18 of 44

1

Which metabolic compound enters the citric acid cycle during the aerobic metabolism of glucose?

Select one of the following:

  • NAD+

  • Acetyl CoA

  • NADH

  • FADH2

Explanation

Question 19 of 44

1

Which metabolic pathway is responsible for the formation of pyruvate from glucose?

Select one of the following:

  • transition reaction

  • electron transport chain

  • glycolysis

  • citric acid cycle

Explanation

Question 20 of 44

1

After glycogen stores in the body are depleted during fasting, these compounds are formed from the incomplete breakdown of fat to provide energy for certain parts of the body.

Select one of the following:

  • Ketone bodies

  • Acetyl-CoA

  • Citrate

  • Pyruvate

Explanation

Question 21 of 44

1

What is the breakdown of triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids?

Select one of the following:

  • Ketosis

  • Gluconeogenesis

  • Lipolysis

  • Glycolysis

Explanation

Question 22 of 44

1

Glycolysis is a biochemical pathway that

Select one of the following:

  • breaks down glucose

  • generates energy

  • takes place in the cytosol

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 23 of 44

1

Glycolysis begins with ____________ and ends with ______________:

Select one of the following:

  • pyruvate; water

  • pyruvate; glucose

  • glucose; pyruvate

  • pyruvate; acetyl-CoA

Explanation

Question 24 of 44

1

What is the goal of beta-oxidation?

Select one of the following:

  • Produce NADH, FADH2 from acetyl CoA to use in electron transport chain

  • Cleave (cut) fatty acid at the beta carbon

  • Produce glucose from glucogenic amino acids

  • Breakdown proteins to amino acids

Explanation

Question 25 of 44

1

What is the total ATP when making ATP from fatty acids?

Select one of the following:

  • 68

  • 100

  • 108

  • 35

Explanation

Question 26 of 44

1

When does ketosis NOT generally occur?

Select one of the following:

  • in type 1 diabetics

  • very low carb diets

  • fasting/starvation

  • in type 2 diabetics

Explanation

Question 27 of 44

1

What does the production of ketones prevent?

Select one of the following:

  • use of body protein for energy during starvation

  • use of body lipids for energy during starvation

  • use of body vitamins for energy during starvation

  • use of body carbs for energy during starvation

Explanation

Question 28 of 44

1

What is the first step in making ATP from proteins?

Select one of the following:

  • glycolysis

  • alcohol oxidation

  • Deamination

  • citric acid cycle

Explanation

Question 29 of 44

1

Which is not part of the process of deamination?

Select one of the following:

  • Amino group removed

  • Produces ATP without becoming acetyl-CoA

  • Nitrogen turned into ammonia

  • Leaves carbon skeleton to use for energy

Explanation

Question 30 of 44

1

What are the two types of amino acids?

Select one of the following:

  • Glucogenic and Ketogenic

  • Glucogenic and Oxygenic

  • Ketogenic and Oxygenic

  • Oxygenic and Glycogenic

Explanation

Question 31 of 44

1

Which is true about Ketogenic amino acids?

Select one of the following:

  • Can produce ATP without becoming acetyl-CoA

  • Can produce ATP without Oxygen

  • Must become acetyl-CoA to produce ATP

  • Can produce ADP without becoming acetyl-CoA

Explanation

Question 32 of 44

1

Which is NOT required to make ATP from carbs?

Select one of the following:

  • Glycolysis

  • Transition reaction

  • Lipolysis

  • Citric acid cycle

Explanation

Question 33 of 44

1

Which is NOT part of makingATP from fats?

Select one of the following:

  • Ketogenesis

  • Lipolysis

  • Beta-Oxidation

  • Ketosis

Explanation

Question 34 of 44

1

Check all of the boxes that are part part of the process of making ATP from protein.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Breakdown proteins to amino acids

  • Deaminate amino acids (left with carbon skeletons)

  • Glucogenic amino acids (straight into citric acid cycle)

  • Excess acetyl-CoA made into fat

  • Ketogenic amino acids (become Acetyl-CoA and then citric acid cycle

  • Moderate to excessive consumption overwhelms citric acid cycle

Explanation

Question 35 of 44

1

Which is NOT one of the pathways for alcohol metabolism?

Select one of the following:

  • Alcohol hydrogenase

  • Alcohol dehydrogenase

  • MEOS pathway

Explanation

Question 36 of 44

1

Which correctly states the right times for fasting?

Select one of the following:

  • Long-term (10-15 days)

  • Initial (2-8 hours)

  • Short-term (3-5 days)

Explanation

Question 37 of 44

1

Which correctly matches the macronutrient with its effects from feasting

Select one of the following:

  • Protein
    First stored in amino acid pool
    Second stored as glycogen

  • Carbohydrate:
    First goes to glycogen stores
    Second stored as adipose
    Conversion requires energy

  • Fat:
    Readily stored as NADH

Explanation

Question 38 of 44

1

When muscle tissue is exercising under anaerobic conditions, the production of _______ is important because it assures a continuous supply of NAD.

Select one of the following:

  • glucose-6-phosphate

  • pyruvate

  • lactate

  • glycogen

Explanation

Question 39 of 44

1

The net energy production of ATP via glycolysis is _______.

Select one of the following:

  • 1 ADP

  • 2 ATP

  • 4 FADH

  • 2 GTP

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 40 of 44

1

The common pathway for the oxidation of glucose and fatty acid is _________.

Select one of the following:

  • glycolysis

  • the urea cycle

  • the citric acid cycle

  • ketosis

Explanation

Question 41 of 44

1

The oxidation of fatty acids occurs in the ____________.

Select one of the following:

  • cell membrane

  • mitochondria

  • nucleus

  • cytosol

Explanation

Question 42 of 44

1

Metabolism is regulated by ___________.

Select one of the following:

  • hormones

  • enzymes

  • the energy status of the body

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 43 of 44

1

During periods of starvation, the body uses protein as a fuel source for the brain and central nervous system in a pathway called gluconeogenesis.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 44 of 44

1

Insulin is ________.

Select one of the following:

  • a coenzyme in the glycolytic pathway

  • a cofactor needed for gluconeogenesis

  • an anabolic hormone (build larger, more complex compounds)

  • a catabolic hormone (break down compounds into small units)

Explanation

Previous
Next