Anatomy lecture exam IV urinary

Question 1 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The functions of the urinary system are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Explanation

Question 2 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

is the movement of components of plasma out of the glomereal capillaries into the bowman's capsule.

Explanation

Question 3 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The functional urine forming unit in the kidney is the .

Explanation

Question 4 of 57

1

Trace plasma from an afferent arteriole until it is excreted from the body as urine.
❌--> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌-> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌

Select option below to complete the highlighted text

glomerulus

bowmans capsule

Proximal Convoluted Duct

loop of henle

Distal convoluted duct

collecting tubule

papillae

minor calyces

major calyces

pelvis -

ureter

bladder

urethra

Explanation

Question 5 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The rate at which you form glomelular filtrate is .

Explanation

Question 6 of 57

1

GFR in the average adult male is:

Select one of the following:

120ml/min
225ml/min
90-95ml/min
125ml/min

Explanation

Question 7 of 57

1

GFR in the average adult female is:

Select one of the following:

90-95ml/min
125ml/min
80-85ml/min
120ml/min

Explanation

Question 8 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The absorption rate of water from glomelular filtrate is .

Explanation

Question 9 of 57

1

How much of your cardiac output goes to the kidneys?

Select one of the following:

30-35%
20-25%
10-15%
5-10%

Explanation

Question 10 of 57

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

If a substance is tubularly reabsorbed, then the amount in the urine is ( less than, greater than ) the amount in the glomerular filtrate.

Explanation

Question 11 of 57

1

label all the structures of the nephron

Select correct option below corresponding to the highlighted orange point

collecting tubule

goes to paillae

distal convoluted tubule

loop of henle

proximal convoluted tubule

bowman's capsule

glomerulus

Explanation

Question 12 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

is when you move something form the nephron tubules to the peritubular capillaries. Another way of saying out of the and into the .

Explanation

Question 13 of 57

1

How is glucose sent across membranes?

Select one of the following:

re-absorption
active transport
osmosis
glomelular filtration

Explanation

Question 14 of 57

1

Clearing is the ability of the kidney to remove substances from your blood.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 15 of 57

1

What determines the amount of a substance in glomelular filtrate (ex: glucose)?

Select one of the following:

the filtration rate of the same substance
the concentration of the same substance found in plasma
permeability of same substance in PCT
ability of kidney to clear the same substance

Explanation

Question 16 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The maximum rate at which a substance can be re-absorbed from the nephron tubules is referred to as the for that substance.

Explanation

Question 17 of 57

1

This is a process where a carrier molecule uses ATP to move a molecule across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient. It has a high level of specificity.

Select one of the following:

facilitated diffusion
exocytosis
active transport
diffusion

Explanation

Question 18 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

If glucose is found in your urine is it called or .

Explanation

Question 19 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The is the plasma level at which something starts to appear in your urine.

Explanation

Question 20 of 57

1

If a patient has glucosuria what do you already know about his plasma glucose level?

Select one of the following:

his plasma has exceeded the renal plasma threshold level of 180mg/100ml of blood.
the patient is diabetic and is not producing proper amounts of insulin.
there is no way to determine anything about his plasma glucose level at this point.
the patient is spilling glucose in his urine because his afferent arteriole is blocked and not allowing the glomerulus to filter to the bowman's capsule.

Explanation

Question 21 of 57

1

Amino acids should be present in your urine.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 22 of 57

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

( Amino acids, Potassium ions, Nucleic acids ) are actively transported in the tubules and are needed so that your body can make ( proteins, electolytes, DNA and RNA ).

Explanation

Question 23 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

It is called when amino acids are found in your urine. The most common type of this is .

Explanation

Question 24 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

When substances "fall out of solution" or become too concentrated they .

Explanation

Question 25 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The major nitrogenous waste in humans is .

Explanation

Question 26 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Urea is produced primarily in the .

Explanation

Question 27 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The clinical estimate of urea in blood is called your level or .

Explanation

Question 28 of 57

1

Why would your BUN level increase when you have a disease?

Select one of the following:

Because the kidneys are not functioning at full capacity and are unable to clear the nitrogen from your system properly
during a disease there is a significant number of cells that are damaged and dying. They are made up of proteins which is a nitrogenous waste and thus your BUN will rise.
during the disease process the inflammatory process produces greater amounts of nitrogen therefor increase blood nitrogen levels.
your BUN will not increase when you have a disease.

Explanation

Question 29 of 57

1

Urine is basically glomelular filtrate minus everything you decided to re-absorb or uptake.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 30 of 57

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

the hormone promoting Na+ retention by the kidney is ( aldosterone, ADH, adrenal norepinephrine ).

Explanation

Question 31 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The hormone comes from a gland on top of the kidneys called the .

Explanation

Question 32 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Only about 20% of your nephrons are called nephrons.

Explanation

Question 33 of 57

1

The juxtamedullary nephrons have a that projects way down into the tip of the pyramid and the remaining nephrons are called cortica nephrons because they primarily lie within the .

Select one of the following:

collecting tubule/pyramid
loop of henle/papillae
loop of henle/cortex medulla
medulla/adrenal cortex

Explanation

Question 34 of 57

1

solute=❌ and solvent= ❌

Select option below to complete the highlighted text

dissolve e

dis-solver

Explanation

Question 35 of 57

1

This type of solution has a higher solute than the comparative solution.

Select one of the following:

hypotonic
osmotic
hypertonic
homogeneous

Explanation

Question 36 of 57

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Cells placed in hypertonic solution would be expected to ( shrink, swell ).

Explanation

Question 37 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Molecules going from an area of high solvent to low solvent through a semi-permeable membrane is called .

Explanation

Question 38 of 57

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Freshwater fish live in a hypotonic environment. They generally have a problem with water ( gain, loss ).

Explanation

Question 39 of 57

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Medullary fluids of the kidney are ( hypertonic, hypotonic ) to most body fluids.

Explanation

Question 40 of 57

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

Solutes are concentrated in the medullary fluids of the kidney by the mechanism.

Explanation

Question 41 of 57

1

Water goes from hypotonic solutions to hypertonic solutions because tonicity is determined by the solute.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 42 of 57

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Sodium retention generally has the effect of ( raising, lowering ) blood potassium levels.

Explanation

Question 43 of 57

1

Does facilitated diffusion utilize ATP?

Select one or more of the following:

yes
no

Explanation

Question 44 of 57

1

We control urine concentration by the counter current multiplier mechanism.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 45 of 57

1

What separates the cortex from the medulla?

Select one of the following:

base of pyramid
cortico medullary line
medullary cortex
loop of henle

Explanation

Question 46 of 57

1

The cortex of the kidney is what in relationship to the body?

Select one of the following:

hypotonic
ionic
isotonic
hypertonic

Explanation

Question 47 of 57

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

The ( ascending, descending ) loop of henle has a ( thicker, thinner ) membrane that is ( impermeable, permeable ) to water and therefore osmosis ( can not, does ) occur. Salt is then removed from the tubular fluid by means of ( active transport, fascilitated diffusion ) and the fluid is now more ( dilute, concentrated ).

Explanation

Question 48 of 57

1

When urine reaches the top of ascending loop of hele what level of concentration is it in proportion to your bodily fluids?

Select one of the following:

1/3
2/3
1/2
3/4

Explanation

Question 49 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Highest level of dilute you can get urine is that of bodily fluids and the highest level of concentration is times that of normal bodily fluids.

Explanation

Question 50 of 57

1

What gives the medullary portion of the kidney it's hypertonicity?

Select one of the following:

the cortico medullary line because as the fluid passes through solutes are removed
the collecting tubule where solutes spill over into the medulla
none of these
the ascending portion of the loop of henle where salt is actively transported and the osmotic capibility of the descending loop of henle or more simply put it is because of the counter current multiplier mechanism.

Explanation

Question 51 of 57

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

The ( DCT, PCT ) and collecting tubule have ( water, salt ) pores that allow for further control of urine concentration. If the pores are open the urine is more ( concentrated, dilute ) and if the pores are closed the urine will be ( diluted, concentrated ).

Explanation

Question 52 of 57

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The hormone that controls your water pores in the DCT and collecting tubule is also known as .

Explanation

Question 53 of 57

1

Vasopressin is another word for ADH and it is stored and released by your posterior pituitary.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 54 of 57

1

	Created by Rebecca Matthews almost 9 years ago

practice exam focusing on urinary system and primarily physiology of the kidney

Anatomy lecture exam IV urinary

Question 1 of 57

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The functions of the urinary system are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Explanation

Question 2 of 57

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

is the movement of components of plasma out of the glomereal capillaries into the bowman's capsule.

Explanation

Question 3 of 57

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The functional urine forming unit in the kidney is the .

Explanation

Question 4 of 57

Trace plasma from an afferent arteriole until it is excreted from the body as urine. ❌--> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌-> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌

Select option below to complete the highlighted text

Explanation

Question 5 of 57

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The rate at which you form glomelular filtrate is .

Explanation

Question 6 of 57

GFR in the average adult male is:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 57

GFR in the average adult female is:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 57

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The absorption rate of water from glomelular filtrate is .

Explanation

Question 9 of 57

How much of your cardiac output goes to the kidneys?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 57

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

If a substance is tubularly reabsorbed, then the amount in the urine is less than greater than( less than, greater than ) the amount in the glomerular filtrate.

Explanation

Question 11 of 57

label all the structures of the nephron

Select correct option below corresponding to the highlighted orange point

Explanation

Question 12 of 57

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

is when you move something form the nephron tubules to the peritubular capillaries. Another way of saying out of the and into the .

Explanation

Question 13 of 57

How is glucose sent across membranes?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 57

Clearing is the ability of the kidney to remove substances from your blood.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 57

What determines the amount of a substance in glomelular filtrate (ex: glucose)?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 57

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The maximum rate at which a substance can be re-absorbed from the nephron tubules is referred to as the for that substance.

Explanation

Question 17 of 57

This is a process where a carrier molecule uses ATP to move a molecule across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient. It has a high level of specificity.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 57

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

If glucose is found in your urine is it called or .

Explanation

Question 19 of 57

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The is the plasma level at which something starts to appear in your urine.

Explanation

Question 20 of 57

If a patient has glucosuria what do you already know about his plasma glucose level?

The functions of the urinary system are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Trace plasma from an afferent arteriole until it is excreted from the body as urine.
❌--> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌-> ❌ --> ❌ --> ❌

If a substance is tubularly reabsorbed, then the amount in the urine is ( less than, greater than ) the amount in the glomerular filtrate.

( Amino acids, Potassium ions, Nucleic acids ) are actively transported in the tubules and are needed so that your body can make ( proteins, electolytes, DNA and RNA ).

the hormone promoting Na+ retention by the kidney is ( aldosterone, ADH, adrenal norepinephrine ).

The juxtamedullary nephrons have a that projects way down into the tip of the pyramid and the remaining nephrons are called cortica nephrons because they primarily lie within the .

Cells placed in hypertonic solution would be expected to ( shrink, swell ).