SARAH DE MELLO
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SARAH DE MELLO
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Environmental Geography Test 3

Environmental Geography Test 3

Question 1 of 50

1

Risk is expressed as a probability of suffering from all of the following, except

Select one of the following:

  • disease

  • economic loss

  • prejudice

  • injury

Explanation

Question 2 of 50

1

All of the following are considered to be cultural hazards, except

Select one of the following:

  • working conditions

  • drought

  • unsafe highways

  • criminal assualt

Explanation

Question 3 of 50

1

All of the following are considered to be biological hazards, except

Select one of the following:

  • protozoa

  • parasites

  • diet

  • bacteria

Explanation

Question 4 of 50

1

All of the following are considered to be natural hazards, except

Select one of the following:

  • driving

  • hurricanes

  • earthquakes

  • fires

Explanation

Question 5 of 50

1

A transmissible disease is not likely to be caused by a

Select one of the following:

  • bacterium

  • hazardous chemical

  • virus

  • parasite

Explanation

Question 6 of 50

1

All of the following are transmissible diseases, except

Select one of the following:

  • diabetes

  • flu

  • measles

  • HIV

Explanation

Question 7 of 50

1

A global outbreak of an infectious disease is called a(n)

Select one of the following:

  • threat

  • parademic

  • pandemic

  • epidemic

Explanation

Question 8 of 50

1

Tuberculosis is caused by

Select one of the following:

  • mosquitoes

  • viruses

  • bacteria

  • protozoa

Explanation

Question 9 of 50

1

Which of the following not a reason the incidence of tuberculosis is increasing?

Select one of the following:

  • too few TB screening and control programs

  • genetic resistance to antibiotics

  • effects of global warming

  • weakened immune systems from the spread of AIDS

Explanation

Question 10 of 50

1

All of the following are viral diseases, except

Select one of the following:

  • malaria

  • hepatitis B

  • AIDS

  • West Nile

Explanation

Question 11 of 50

1

Malaria is spread by

Select one of the following:

  • flies

  • contaminated feces

  • certain types of mosquitoes

  • bacteria

Explanation

Question 12 of 50

1

Since 1970 the occurrence of malaria has

Select one of the following:

  • remained at the same levels

  • increased then leveled off

  • greatly increased

  • decreased then increased slightly

Explanation

Question 13 of 50

1

The top toxic substances in terms of human and environmental health include all of the following, except

Select one of the following:

  • lead

  • mercury

  • DDT

  • PCBs

Explanation

Question 14 of 50

1

The effects of neurotoxins can result in all of the following, except

Select one of the following:

  • behavioral changes

  • learning disabilities

  • hair loss

  • death

Explanation

Question 15 of 50

1

Teratogens

Select one of the following:

  • cause birth defects

  • are fatal to humans in low doses

  • are harmful because they are irritating to skin or lungs

  • cause infections

Explanation

Question 16 of 50

1

Birth defects can be caused by all of the following, except

Select one of the following:

  • alcohol

  • angel dust

  • benzene

  • iodized sodium chloride

Explanation

Question 17 of 50

1

Carcinogens cause

Select one of the following:

  • genetic defects

  • cancer

  • birth defects

  • allergic reactions

Explanation

Question 18 of 50

1

The system responsible for defense against disease and harmful substances is the

Select one of the following:

  • circulatory system

  • endocrine system

  • immune system

  • skeletal system

Explanation

Question 19 of 50

1

This term refers to the amount of a substance a person ingests, inhales, or absorbs through the skin.

Select one of the following:

  • toxicity

  • biological magnification

  • response

  • dose

Explanation

Question 20 of 50

1

___ relates to the increase in the amount of a potentially toxic substance as it passes through food chains and webs.

Select one of the following:

  • toxicity

  • biological magnification

  • dose

  • response

Explanation

Question 21 of 50

1

The ability of a substance to cause injury, illness, or death to a living system, is

Select one of the following:

  • biomagnification

  • toxicity

  • response

  • dose

Explanation

Question 22 of 50

1

This term refers to a substance’s resistance to breakdown.

Select one of the following:

  • toxicity

  • biomagnification

  • persistence

  • response

Explanation

Question 23 of 50

1

The root cause of food insecurity is

Select one of the following:

  • war

  • poverty

  • corruption

  • climate change

Explanation

Question 24 of 50

1

The term undernutrition refers to people who consume

Select one of the following:

  • less than the basic number of daily calories

  • unbalanced meals

  • the wrong kinds of food

  • poor quality food

Explanation

Question 25 of 50

1

Many of the world’s poor only have access to a low-protein, high-carbohydrate, vegetarian diet and suffer from

Select one of the following:

  • chronic malnutrition

  • chronic undernutrition

  • famine

  • hunger

Explanation

Question 26 of 50

1

A severe shortage of food leading to mass starvation, many deaths, economic chaos, and social disruption, is called

Select one of the following:

  • hunger

  • chronic undernutrition

  • famine

  • food security

Explanation

Question 27 of 50

1

Anemia may be the result of a deficiency in

Select one of the following:

  • cobalt

  • iodine

  • iron

  • calcium

Explanation

Question 28 of 50

1

Approximately 26 million children each year suffer irreversible brain damage from lack of which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • cobalt

  • iodine

  • iron

  • calcium

Explanation

Question 29 of 50

1

The term overnutrition refers to

Select one of the following:

  • when energy use is less than energy intake

  • eating unbalanced meals

  • eating poor quality foods

  • eating too much protein

Explanation

Question 30 of 50

1

Overnutrition and undernutrition both face all of the following health problems, except

Select one of the following:

  • lower productivity

  • higher rates of malaria

  • lower life expectancy

  • greater susceptibility to disease

Explanation

Question 31 of 50

1

Today in America, four of the top ten causes of death are diseases related to diet including all of the following except

Select one of the following:

  • down's syndrome

  • type 2 diabetes

  • some forms of cancer

  • stroke

Explanation

Question 32 of 50

1

The major goal of industrialized agriculture for any crop has been to steadily increase its

Select one of the following:

  • tolerance to weeds

  • yield per unit of land

  • purity

  • aesthetic qualities

Explanation

Question 33 of 50

1

Which of the following soil horizons is considered topsoil?

Select one of the following:

  • O

  • A

  • B

  • C

Explanation

Question 34 of 50

1

Irrigating crops creates a number of problems. Which of the following is not one of those problems?

Select one of the following:

  • boosts productivity on farms

  • salinization

  • depletes groundwater

  • waterlogging

Explanation

Question 35 of 50

1

What is the largest cause of soil erosion?

Select one of the following:

  • moving water

  • still water

  • wind

  • sink holes

Explanation

Question 36 of 50

1

When the productive potential of soil, especially on arid or semiarid land, falls by 10% or more because of prolonged drought and human activities, it is called

Select one of the following:

  • salinization

  • desertification

  • soil erosion

  • overgrazing

Explanation

Question 37 of 50

1

Repeated irrigation in dry climates leads to accumulation of salts in the upper layers of the soil, a process called

Select one of the following:

  • salinization

  • soil erosion

  • desertification

  • waterlogging

Explanation

Question 38 of 50

1

Genetically modified crops and foods have all of the following advantages, except

Select one of the following:

  • needs less fertilizer

  • needs less water

  • increases yields

  • grows faster

Explanation

Question 39 of 50

1

Four of the following are advantages of using aquaculture to produce fish; one is a disadvantage. Choose the disadvantage.

Select one of the following:

  • high yield in small volume of water

  • uses grain for feed for some species

  • low fuel use

  • high profits

Explanation

Question 40 of 50

1

One of the most important characteristics of a pesticide is how long it will stay deadly in the environment, a characteristic called

Select one of the following:

  • lethal dose

  • persistence

  • impact

  • usefulness

Explanation

Question 41 of 50

1

All of the following are alternatives to using pesticides, except

Select one of the following:

  • rotating crops planted in a field each year

  • provide homes for pest enemies

  • freeze the pests

  • bring in natural enemies

Explanation

Question 42 of 50

1

The best way to maintain soil fertility is through

Select one of the following:

  • applying animal manure

  • applying commercial inorganic fertilizer

  • soil conservation

  • using low till planting

Explanation

Question 43 of 50

1

It is more energetically efficient for us to eat more ________________

Select one of the following:

  • plant-based foods

  • herbivorous animals like cattle and chicken

  • food grown using IPM methods

  • GM foods

Explanation

Question 44 of 50

1

Carcinogens may be difficult to identify because

Select one of the following:

  • they are rare in nature

  • there is no way to measure the carcinogen potential of a substance

  • they are the least common toxicants

  • there is a long time lag between exposure to the agent and disease

Explanation

Question 45 of 50

1

Rachel Caron’s book Silent Spring focuses primarily on the environmental problems associated with

Select one of the following:

  • deforestation

  • overpopulation

  • pesticide toxicity

  • loss of biodiversity

Explanation

Question 46 of 50

1

If GMO crops can decrease pesticide use, why are environmentalists still concerned about them?

Select one of the following:

  • the government funds most GMO crop research

  • Trials involving biotech crops have increased dramatically in recent years

  • The FDA does not regulate them

  • Inserted genes can spread to nontarget species

Explanation

Question 47 of 50

1

The worldwise drop in sperm counts among men has been attributed to

Select one of the following:

  • endocrine disruptors

  • DDT

  • teratogens

  • radon

Explanation

Question 48 of 50

1

Synergistic effects of toxicants

Select one of the following:

  • re not numerous in the natural environment

  • are greater than the sum of the effects of the components

  • have effects of individual toxicants that tend to cancel one another out

  • lways involve synthetic toxicants

Explanation

Question 49 of 50

1

What are the properties of toxicants that are likely to build up in animals through bioaccumulation?

Select one of the following:

  • they are gases that readily carried by pesticide drift

  • they are non biodegradable and fat-soluble

  • hey are carcinogenic and mutagenic

  • they are biodgreadable and water soluble

Explanation

Question 50 of 50

1

Mercury is not readily excreted; it is stored in mammalian body tissues. This is best described as

Select one of the following:

  • toxification

  • synergism

  • distillation

  • bioaccumulation

Explanation

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