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Pharmacy & Healthcare Systems Final Exam Prep

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PHAR 340 Final Exam Prep

Question 1 of 200

1

The primary role of the pharmacist is largely focused around:

Select one of the following:

  • medication consumption (e.g. to screen for contradictions and drug-drug interactions)

  • to serve as the physician's resource for information about medical therapies

  • to provide patient education about medications

  • A only

  • A, B and C

Explanation

Question 2 of 200

1

The closing of medical schools following the Flexner Report led to decreased minority and female students.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 200

1

Primary prevention initiatives in public health typically

Select one of the following:

  • cost more than secondary efforts

  • focuses on education and/or health policy

  • reverses genetic disease

  • target individuals rather than populations

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 4 of 200

1

Suppose Physical Therapy is used to treat a disease; then Physical Therapy is associated with...

Select one of the following:

  • Primary prevention

  • Secondary prevention

  • Tertiary prevention

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 5 of 200

1

Pharmacy educational outcome(s) set forth by CAPE (Center for Advancement in Pharmaceutical Education) in 2004 include:

Select one of the following:

  • Pharmaceutical Care

  • Systems Management

  • Public Health

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 6 of 200

1

As discussed in the Public Health lecture, how many "Essential Public Health Services" are there?

Select one of the following:

  • 6

  • 8

  • 10

  • 12

Explanation

Question 7 of 200

1

Physician Assistants often team with nurses to provide independent, intradisciplinary care.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 200

1

What mail order pharmacists like most about their work environment was:

Select one of the following:

  • Repetitive nature of the work

  • Medication dispensing

  • Providing patient care

  • Dealing with insurance issues

Explanation

Question 9 of 200

1

The primary responsibility of a mail order pharmacist has evolved from medication preparation to:

Select one of the following:

  • patient counseling via toll free phone calls

  • personnel management

  • financial management

  • dealing with state regulatory affairs

Explanation

Question 10 of 200

1

Sunscreen is an example of...

Select one of the following:

  • Primary prevention

  • Secondary prevention

  • Tertiary prevention

  • All of the above

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 11 of 200

1

Quality means different things to different people and can be based on involvement, need, price, and experience.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 200

1

The pharmacist's code of ethics at one time stated that a pharmacist should never discuss therapeutic effects with patients.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 200

1

Which healthcare professional has the most in quantity?

Select one of the following:

  • Nurses

  • Physicians

  • Pharmacists

  • Pharmacy technicians

Explanation

Question 14 of 200

1

In all states, physician assistants have unlimited prescribing authority for all legend (prescription) drugs.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 15 of 200

1

A prescribed legend drug indicated for a chronic disease (e.g. diabetes) is an example of...

Select one of the following:

  • Primary prevention

  • Secondary prevention

  • Tertiary prevention

  • All of the above

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 16 of 200

1

The "iron triangle" of health care include(s):

Select one of the following:

  • Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention

  • Disease, Diagnosis, Prognosis

  • Assessment, Monitor, Assurance

  • Access, Cost, Quality

Explanation

Question 17 of 200

1

Public Health Pharmacists can encompass all of the following EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

  • Disaster preparedness

  • Chronic disease education

  • Exercise/Nutrition education

  • Medication adherence

  • Surgical removal of a cancerous tumor

Explanation

Question 18 of 200

1

The HMO act of 1973 mandated inclusion of a prepaid, fixed-free option for some employers.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 200

1

Public Health encompasses disease prevention measures, sanitation, occupational safety, and more.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 200

1

The Hill-Burton Act provided federal funding for hospitals.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 200

1

Responsibility for optimizing all of a patient's drug therapy is accepted by _____________ in the Pharmaceutical Care model.

Select one of the following:

  • the primary care physician

  • the patient

  • The internal medicine physician

  • the pharmacist

  • the care team (including physician(s), pharmacist(s), and the patient)

Explanation

Question 22 of 200

1

According to Dr. Arneson's lecture the most common type of community pharmacy is:

Select one of the following:

  • Chain

  • Supermarket

  • Independent

  • Mass merchandise

Explanation

Question 23 of 200

1

In 2006, the average number of prescription drug purchases is greater by the "poor" than for the "middle income" or "high income".

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 24 of 200

1

When Americans in the 18th and 19th century became sick, most were cared for by:

Select one of the following:

  • Allopathic physicians

  • Osteopathic physicians

  • Family members or self

  • Hospital wards

Explanation

Question 25 of 200

1

In 2006, males tended to have higher average number of prescription including refill than females.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 26 of 200

1

White Coat ceremonies are primarily intended to:

Select one of the following:

  • create/increase parent or family support

  • celebrate students' matriculation

  • increase professionalism

  • unify healthcare dress code

  • create alumni donation opportunities

Explanation

Question 27 of 200

1

Aseptic and antiseptic techniques were developed in response to

Select one of the following:

  • miasma theory of disease

  • Galen's Humoralism

  • germ theory of disease

  • allopathic measures

Explanation

Question 28 of 200

1

The motivation of a professional shares this theme with Concordia's mission:

Select one of the following:

  • helping students

  • religious roots

  • service to others

  • development of mind, body & spirit

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 29 of 200

1

Which of the following health outcomes are reflective of health care in the United States when compared to other developed countries (e.g. England, Canada)

Select one of the following:

  • lower infant mortality

  • spends more on health care

  • has the best cost-to-benefit ratio

  • has the worst cost-to-benefit ratio

Explanation

Question 30 of 200

1

Millis Commission Report (1975) indicated pharmacists were inadequately prepared in systems analysis, management, and communication skills.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 31 of 200

1

The uninsured rate in the US in 2010 is around

Select one of the following:

  • 0% (the US has socialized medicine and everyone is covered)

  • 1.63%

  • 16.3%

  • 100%

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 32 of 200

1

According to the definition of Quality (in healthcare), it is intended to increase:

Select one of the following:

  • repeatability of health care interventions

  • desired health outcomes

  • predictability of patient outcomes

  • patient satisfaction

  • care efficacy and reimbursement efficiency

Explanation

Question 33 of 200

1

Most Americans in the 19th century believed in ______________ to explain health and the body.

Select one of the following:

  • Germ Theory

  • Miasma Theory

  • Humoralism

Explanation

Question 34 of 200

1

Based on this figure (8), the poor, minority, and immigrants (Non-citizens) are more likely to be uninsured.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 35 of 200

1

The area both independent community and chain community pharmacists like least about their practice settings is:

Select one of the following:

  • Interaction with patients

  • Technology

  • Dealing with insurance issues

  • Over the counter products

Explanation

Question 36 of 200

1

When compared to other economically developed countries, the United States

Select one of the following:

  • has lower infant mortality

  • spends more on health care

  • has longer life expectancy

Explanation

Question 37 of 200

1

Cost is the biggest factor or reason for not having health insurance. The current healthcare reform provides provisions and incentives to lower this barrier.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 38 of 200

1

The United States has _______________ health care standards (licensure, regulation, etc.) among economically developed countries.

Select one of the following:

  • the highest

  • average

  • the lowest

Explanation

Question 39 of 200

1

Health Literacy is a severe problem for non-English speaking Americans but only a minor concern for the remainder of the population.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 40 of 200

1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of interdisciplinary care?

Select one of the following:

  • Effective communication among professionals

  • Increase planning/scheduling difficulty

  • Effective communication with the patient

  • Independent work for the good of the patient

  • Multiple professionals

Explanation

Question 41 of 200

1

In 1905, the American Medical Association, with the support from the Carnegie Foundation, commissioned a study of U.S. medical schools in response to decades of concern about the quality of medical education and training. The resulting Flexner Report is considered a benchmark in the history of medical education because it:

Select one of the following:

  • RESULTED in the closure of all medical schools that did not meet established quality criteria

  • stimulated licensing legislation and established new requirements pertaining to training lengths and quality standards in laboratories and other training facilities

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 42 of 200

1

Health Care reforms have begun changing the emphasis in medical practice from treating illness in individual patients to maintaining wellness in community populations. This shift poses major challenges to the medical education process because:

Select one of the following:

  • medical school education and training has historically focused on curing illness, not preventing it

  • preventative medicine has historically been assigned low priority in medical school curricula

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 43 of 200

1

An individual working in a pharmacy (setting) who, under the supervision of a licensed pharmacist, assists in pharmacy activities that do not require the professional judgment of a pharmacist, would describe a:

Select one of the following:

  • pharmacy intern

  • pharmacy technician

  • pharmacy resident

Explanation

Question 44 of 200

1

The "state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" refers to the:

Select one of the following:

  • Definition of pharmaceutical care

  • Definition of health by the World Health Organization

  • Definition of health by Healthy People 2010

Explanation

Question 45 of 200

1

Blue Cross Hospital Insurance, the predominant form of health insurance for decades, was modeled after:

Select one of the following:

  • Baylor University Hospital's school teachers plan

  • the American Hospital Association policies

  • the American Red Cross

Explanation

Question 46 of 200

1

The health care system in the United States has been described as a "sickness system" developed for acute disease rather than prevention or reduction of chronic disease.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 47 of 200

1

Two major factors explaining the decline in infant mortality rates and an increase in life expectancy that are generally cited as explanations:
(1) Changes in standard of living or lifestyle, including improvements in personal hygiene, diet, and housing
(2) Advances in public health measures
(3) Progress in medical practices including therapeutic interventions in the treatment of patients

Select one of the following:

  • 1 and 2

  • 1 and 3

  • 2 and 3

Explanation

Question 48 of 200

1

The initial reaction of the American Medical Association (AMA) to Blue Cross hospital insurance plans suggested that the plans:

Select one of the following:

  • Would strengthen the quality of hospital care

  • Were unsound and unethical

  • Would help boost physician income

Explanation

Question 49 of 200

1

Major obstacles to ensuring an efficient and rational health workforce in the future include:

Select one of the following:

  • Separate and often conflicting interests of governments, educational institutions, professional organizations, insurers, and providers

  • Declining need for health care professionals in several categories of practice

  • Interprofessionalism and interdisciplinary care

Explanation

Question 50 of 200

1

Until the mid-1980s, hospitals were reimbursed for their expenses of the prior year on a "retrospective" basis. Now they are paid a certain amount for each patient's care on a "prospective" basis. The amount they are paid is based on:

Select one of the following:

  • diagnosis related groups (DRGs)

  • prospective patient categories (PPCs)

  • epidemiology

Explanation

Question 51 of 200

1

To reduce health care costs, the patient should avoid the hospital emergency room for a(n) _______________ problem, and should go to a physician office, urgent care center or clinic setting, instead.

Select one of the following:

  • immediate

  • non-urgent

  • emergent

Explanation

Question 52 of 200

1

"Heroic" methods (including bleeding, purging, sweating, etc.) are most closely associated with:

Select one of the following:

  • Humoralism and Orthodox physicians

  • Osteopathy

  • Miasma and Sectarian physicians

  • Homeopathic physicians

Explanation

Question 53 of 200

1

The Hill-Burton Act

Select one of the following:

  • Provided federal funding for hospitals

  • Created to separate categories of drugs (prescription & OTC)

  • Provided federal funding for polio vaccination programs

  • Amended the pure food & drug act to create the FDA

Explanation

Question 54 of 200

1

The closing of medical schools following the Flexner Report led to decreased minority and female students.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 55 of 200

1

An overlap of duties leading to professional conflict might occur between:

Select one of the following:

  • Physicians and Pharmacists

  • Registered Nurses and Physical Therapists

  • Physician Assistants and Nurse Practitioners

  • Occupational Therapists and Registered Nurses

Explanation

Question 56 of 200

1

A professional's preparation and duties are likely to include

Select one of the following:

  • Specialized skills training

  • Continuing education

  • Basic scientific theory

  • Credentialing

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 57 of 200

1

The federal government licenses pharmacists to practice in all states and territories except Illinois and New Mexico.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 58 of 200

1

In 1915, Abraham Flexner declared pharmacy

Select one of the following:

  • Shouldn't receive War Dept. commissions

  • Was not a profession

  • Should share physicians education systems

  • Had achieved doctoral status

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 59 of 200

1

The Health Insurance and Portability and Accountability Act is best known for:

Select one of the following:

  • Portability of insurance coverage

  • Patient privacy rules

  • Portability of patient records

  • The Hyde Amendment

  • The Flexner Amendment

Explanation

Question 60 of 200

1

In the 20th century, hospital insurance plans, including Medicare, are often credited with

Select one of the following:

  • Stabilizing hospital financing

  • Restricting hospital growth

  • Decreasing outpatient services

  • Non of the above are true

Explanation

Question 61 of 200

1

The federal government operates a number of hospitals for specific populations, including

Select one of the following:

  • Veterans

  • Military personnel

  • Native Americans

  • A and B only

  • A, B, and C

Explanation

Question 62 of 200

1

In what period did almost all (hospital) administrators in their organizations, responded by cutting administrative expenses, reducing staff and services, and employing other methods to maintain viability?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Pre-Great Depression

  • Post-Great Depression

  • The technology boom in the late 1990's

  • Recession that began in 2008

Explanation

Question 63 of 200

1

Horizontal Integration is

Select one of the following:

  • the term to describe an affiliation between hospitals

  • the term used to describe an affiliation between inpatient surgery centers

  • the term used to describe a commensalistic relationship between local public health units

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 64 of 200

1

Whereas a retrospective payment type is fee-for-service, a prospective payment service type is

Select one of the following:

  • Diagnosis-Reform Group

  • Diagnosis -Related Group

  • Disease-Related Group

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 65 of 200

1

Public Health encompasses disease prevention measures, sanitation, occupational safety, and more.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 66 of 200

1

Major obstacles to ensuring an efficient and rational health workforce in the future include:

Select one of the following:

  • Separate and often conflicting interests of governments, educational institutions, professional organizations, insurers, and providers

  • Declining need for health care professionals in several categories of practice

  • Interprofessionalism and interdisciplinary care

Explanation

Question 67 of 200

1

Select the true statement:

Select one of the following:

  • Persons with co-occurring disorders often have more instances of premature death and higher rates of disability that hose who don’t have co-occurring disorder.

  • Persons with co-occurring disorders do not have more instances of premature death and higher rates of disability that hose who don’t have co-occurring disorder.

  • Neither are true

Explanation

Question 68 of 200

1

Select the true statement:

Select one of the following:

  • From 2008 to 2014, there is a projected 6.6% annual decrease in spending for mental health and substance use services in the US.

  • From 2008 to 2014, there is a projected 6.6% annual increase in spending for mental health and substance use services in the US.

  • There will not be a % change in spending for mental health during this period in the US.

Explanation

Question 69 of 200

1

These groups/cultures are “at-risk” populations – and more likely to delay or not seek mental health care/treatment

Select one of the following:

  • Cultural and linguistic minorities

  • Rural populations

  • Women and children in lower socio-economics

  • A and C only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 70 of 200

1

Evidence-based practice/medicine/pharmacy:

Select one of the following:

  • Is supported by research that is published in the clinical literature

  • The type of practice that is the basis of curriculum now offered by healthcare professions’ schools and colleges

  • Clinical literature that is reviewed and summarized by professionals with expertise in the specific area

  • All of the above

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 71 of 200

1

In a collaborative practice environment, a clinical psychiatric pharmacist can:

Select one of the following:

  • Provide medication management services

  • Initiate and discontinue med use

  • Dose and refill authorizations

  • Laboratory monitoring

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 72 of 200

1

Factors influencing prescriber behavior include:


Select one of the following:

  • Education (e.g., Training in pharmacotherapeutics; Preceptors’ prescribing habits)

  • Control and regulatory mechanisms

  • Demands by consumers and society

  • Promotional activities by drug manufacturers

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 73 of 200

1

What is the order of the pharmaceutical supply chain?

Select one of the following:

  • Raw Material Supply Manufacturing  Distribution  Dispensing  Patient

  • Raw Material Supply Patient  Manufacturing  Distribution  Dispensing

  • Raw Material Supply Dispensing  Patient  Manufacturing  Distribution

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 74 of 200

1

Select the false statement:

Select one of the following:

  • Once a drug is approved for the market, the FDA has the ultimate power to determine how it is ultimately used.

  • Non-FDA-approved (“off-label”) indications are uses of a product that were not approved by the FDA, but have shown value after approval based on postmarketing research.

  • Non-FDA-approved indications cannot be promoted by the manufacturer.

Explanation

Question 75 of 200

1

Researchers test an experimental drug or treatment in a small group of healthy people (20-80) for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.

Select one of the following:

  • Phase I

  • Phase II

  • Phase III

  • Phase IV

Explanation

Question 76 of 200

1

A ________ drug treats rare medical conditions / disease, affecting fewer than 200,000 patients in USA, may be sold without competition for seven years, National Organization of Rare Diseases (NORD) & European Organization for Rare Diseases (EURORDIS)

Select one of the following:

  • Oprah

  • Orphan

  • Albano

  • Vu

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 77 of 200

1

Drug Labeling:

Select one of the following:

  • All printed information accompanying a drug, label, wrapping & package insert

  • FDA Division of Marketing, Advertising & Communication seeks balanced, not misleading, scientifically accurate information for health care practitioners

  • Label claim (indication) is particularly important to sponsor because of its connection to reimbursement

  • A and B only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 78 of 200

1

Select the false/untrue factor(s) that change demand:

Select one of the following:

  • Prices of related goods

  • Money income of the producer

  • Number of consumers in the market

  • Attitudes, tastes, and preferences of the consumer

  • Consumer expectations with respect to future prices and incomes

Explanation

Question 79 of 200

1

Select the false/untrue factor(s) that change supply:

Select one of the following:

  • Techniques of production, including technology

  • Number of buyers in the market

  • Resource costs (material and wages)

  • Prices for related goods

  • Sellers’ expectations

Explanation

Question 80 of 200

1

Demand is ___________if an increase in price causes the quantity demanded to decrease enough to result in a decrease of total revenue.

Select one of the following:

  • Elastic

  • Inelastic

  • Unitary

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 81 of 200

1

Typical Home Care services include all EXCEPT


Select one of the following:

  • Homemaker

  • Wound care

  • Parenteral nutrition

  • Minor home surgery

  • Hospice care

Explanation

Question 82 of 200

1

Select the true statement:

Select one of the following:

  • Hospice services cannot legally be provided in a patient's home in most states.

  • Hospice services can legally be provided in a patient's home in most states.

Explanation

Question 83 of 200

1

Major changes that have occurred in IV infusion devices as a result of the growth of home care.

Select one of the following:

  • the size and weight of infusion devices have decreased dramatically

  • Manufacturers have introduced disposable infusion devices

  • Pharmacists can only administer them

  • A and B only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 84 of 200

1

Home care pharmacy standards according to ASHP can include:

Select one of the following:

  • Initial patient database and assessment

  • Selection of products, devices, and ancillary supplies

  • Clinical monitoring

  • A and B only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 85 of 200

1

The advent of Medicare Part D coverage in 2008
provided partial or full coverage of home care
medications.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 86 of 200

1

Select the false statement regarding PPACA implementation and Medicare and Medicaid provisions:

Select one of the following:

  • Offering Relief for 4 Million Seniors Who Hit the Medicare Prescription Drug Reimbursement Gap (donut hole): provides a one-time, tax-free $250 rebate check for uncovered prescription drug costs (2010).

  • Offering Prescription Drug Discounts: provides Medicare recipients who reach the prescription drug coverage gap with a 50% discount when buying Medicare Part D covered brand-name prescription drugs; for the next 10 years, seniors will receive additional savings on brand-name and generic drugs until the coverage gap is closed in 2020 (2011).

  • Providing Free Preventive Care for Seniors: provides certain free preventive services, such as annual wellness visits and personalized prevention plans for seniors on Medicare (2011).

  • Reducing Health Care Fraud and Abuse: invests new resources and requires new screening procedures for health care providers to boost federal antifraud and waste initiatives in Medicare ONLY.

Explanation

Question 87 of 200

1

Select the false statement regarding PPACA implementation and Medicare and Medicaid provisions:

Select one of the following:

  • Improving Health care Quality and Efficiency: establishes a new Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation (James Bresette) to test new ways of delivering care to patients to improve the quality of care, and reduce the rate of growth in costs for Medicare, Medicaid and CHIP (2011).

  • Linking Payment to Quality Outcomes: establishes a hospital Value Based Purchasing program in Traditional Medicare, offering financial incentives to hospitals to improve the quality of care; requires hospitals to publicly report performance for certain diagnoses and patients’ perceptions of care (2012).

  • Encouraging Integrated Health Systems: provides incentives for physicians hospitals to join together to form “Accountable Care Organizations” to better coordinate Medicare beneficiary patient care and improve quality, help prevent disease and illness and reduce unnecessary hospital admissions (2012).

  • Improving Preventive Health Coverage: provides new funding to state Medicaid programs that choose to cover preventive services for patients at a cost (equal to or similar to prescription gap/donut hole reimbursement) to expand the number of Americans receiving preventive care (2012).

Explanation

Question 88 of 200

1

Select the false statement regarding PPACA implementation and Medicare and Medicaid provisions:

Select one of the following:

  • Allowing States to Cover More People on Medicaid: provides federal matching funds for states covering some additional low-income individuals and families under Medicaid for whom federal funds were not previously available (2010).

  • Increasing Access to Services at Home and in the Community: allows states to offer home and community-based services to disabled individuals through Medicaid rather than institutional care in nursing homes through the Community First Choice Option (2011).

  • Increasing Medicaid Payments for only Sub-specialty Doctors and Surgeons: requires states to pay them no less than 100% of Medicare payment rates in 2013 and 2014 for primary care services.

  • All are false

Explanation

Question 89 of 200

1

Select the false statement regarding PPACA implementation and Medicare and Medicaid provisions:

Select one of the following:

  • Providing Additional Funding for the CHIP: provides states with two additional years of funding to continue coverage for children not eligible for Medicaid (2013).

  • Increasing Access to Medicaid: enables Americans who earn less than 133% of the federal poverty level eligible to enroll in Medicaid; provides states with 100% federal funding for the first 3 years to support this expanded coverage, phasing to 90% federal funding in subsequent years (2014).

  • Increasing Federal Match for CHIP: provide states with a 23% increase in CHIP matching rate up to 100%; CHIP eligible children excluded from the program because of enrollment caps are eligible for tax credits in the state health insurance exchanges (2015).

  • None are false; all are true

Explanation

Question 90 of 200

1

Addressing Overpayments to Big Insurance Companies and Strengthening Medicare Advantage (MA): eliminates additional Medicare costs from Medicare managed care plans (MA) and provides bonus payments to MA plans that provide high-quality care (2011).

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 91 of 200

1

Improving Preventive Health Coverage: provides new funding to state Medicaid programs that choose to cover preventive services for patients at little or no cost to expand the number of Americans receiving preventive care (2012), is which outcome:

Select one of the following:

  • Providing New Consumer Protections

  • Improving Quality and Lowering Costs

  • Increasing Access to Affordable Care

  • Holding Insurance Companies Accountable

Explanation

Question 92 of 200

1

Increasing Medicaid Payments for Primary Care Doctors: requires states to pay primary care physicians no less than 100% of Medicare payment rates in 2013 and 2014 for primary care services, with full federal funding of the increase; the requirement anticipates an influx of new Medicaid enrollees into the system (2013), is which outcome:

Select one of the following:

  • Providing New Consumer Protections

  • Improving Quality and Lowering Costs

  • Increasing Access to Affordable Care

  • Holding Insurance Companies Accountable

Explanation

Question 93 of 200

1

Providing Additional Funding for the CHIP: provides states with two additional years of funding to continue coverage for children not eligible for Medicaid (2013), is which outcome:

Select one of the following:

  • Providing New Consumer Protections

  • Improving Quality and Lowering Costs

  • Increasing Access to Affordable Care

  • Holding Insurance Companies Accountable

Explanation

Question 94 of 200

1

Addressing Overpayments to Big Insurance Companies and Strengthening Medicare Advantage (MA): eliminates additional Medicare costs from Medicare managed care plans (MA) and provides bonus payments to MA plans that provide high-quality care (2011), is which outcome:

Select one of the following:

  • Providing New Consumer Protections

  • Improving Quality and Lowering Costs

  • Increasing Access to Affordable Care

  • Holding Insurance Companies Accountable

Explanation

Question 95 of 200

1

Putting Information for Consumers Online: establishes a website on which consumers can compare health insurance coverage options and choose their preference (2010), is which outcome:

Select one of the following:

  • Providing New Consumer Protections

  • Improving Quality and Lowering Costs

  • Increasing Access to Affordable Care

  • Holding Insurance Companies Accountable

Explanation

Question 96 of 200

1

Which is a true statement?

Select one of the following:

  • The pharmacist’s code of ethics at one time stated that a pharmacist should never discuss therapeutic effects with physician assistants.

  • The pharmacist’s code of ethics at one time stated that a pharmacist should never discuss therapeutic effects with patients.

  • The pharmacy technician code of ethics at one time stated that a pharmacist should never discuss therapeutic effects with patients.

  • None of the above are true

Explanation

Question 97 of 200

1

Which statement is true?

Select one of the following:

  • The HMO Act of 1973 mandated exclusion of a prepaid, fixed-fee option for some employers.

  • The HMO Act of 1973 mandated inclusion of a prepaid, fixed-fee option for some employers.

  • The HMO Act of 1973 mandated inclusion of a cost-plus option for some employers.

  • None of the above are true

Explanation

Question 98 of 200

1

Select the true statement:

Select one of the following:

  • The Hill-Burton Act provided federal funding for hospitals

  • The Hill-Burton Act provided federal funding for Veterans Administration hospitals only

  • The Hill-Burton Act provided federal funding for Critical Access hospitals

  • None are true

Explanation

Question 99 of 200

1

Select the true statement.

Select one of the following:

  • In 2006, the average number of prescription drug purchases is greater by the poor than for the middle income or high income.

  • In 2006, the average number of prescription drug purchases is lesser by the poor than for the middle income or high income.

  • In 2006, the average number of prescription drug purchases is equal by the poor, middle income, and high income.

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 100 of 200

1

Which is a true statement?

Select one of the following:

  • Millis Commission report (1975) indicated that pharmacists were adequately prepared in systems analysis, management, and communication skills.

  • Millis Commission report (1975) indicated that pharmacists were inadequately prepared in systems analysis, management, and communication skills.

  • Millis Commission report (1975) indicated that pharmacists were inadequately prepared in pharmaceutical, sociological, and psychological skills.

  • None of the about are true

Explanation

Question 101 of 200

1

Select the true statement.

Select one of the following:

  • The poor, minority, or immigrants (Non-citizens) are more likely to be uninsured compared to wealthier, white non-hispanic, or a US citizen

  • The poor, minority, or immigrants (Non-citizens) are more likely to be insured compared to wealthier, white non-hispanic, or a US citizen

  • All of the above are true

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 102 of 200

1

Select the true statement.

Select one of the following:

  • Cost is the biggest factor or reason for not having health insurance.

  • Losing a job is the biggest factor or reason for not having health insurance.

  • Being healthy is the biggest factor or reason for not having health insurance.

  • None of the above are true.

Explanation

Question 103 of 200

1

Specialty pharmacies:

Select one of the following:

  • are projected not to exist within the next 10 years.

  • are only found in rural areas.

  • are the most prevalent of all community pharmacies.

  • usually specialize in the medication management of one or two disease states.

Explanation

Question 104 of 200

1

Nuclear pharmacist:

Select one of the following:

  • have the most direct patient contact of any of the areas of pharmacy practice.

  • require specialized training beyond the traditional pharmacy training.

  • only work in the evening.

  • glow in the dark.

Explanation

Question 105 of 200

1

Pharmacist in mail-order pharmacies:

Select one of the following:

  • only fill prescriptions

  • never have to deal with patient insurance issues

  • only work weekends

  • have evolved to manning phone banks to council and answer patient questions

Explanation

Question 106 of 200

1

A _____________ is a continually updated list of medications and related information, representing the clinical judgment of pharmacists, physicians, and other experts in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and promotion of health.

Select one of the following:

  • Guernica

  • Formulary

  • Bar code

  • Computerized physician order entry (CPOE)

Explanation

Question 107 of 200

1

Some challenges of medication reconciliation (performing or implementing it) include:

Select one of the following:

  • Time constraints

  • Health literacy

  • Interview skills

  • B and C only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 108 of 200

1

Centralized hospital pharmacy is the distribution of medications and pharmacy services occurring from a centralized pharmacy location with medication storage area, sterile preparation area (clean room), and medication cart filling area. Other advantages include:

Select one of the following:

  • Fewer professional and technical resources needed

  • Less drug inventory and supply costs

  • Lack of face-to-face interaction with patients and providers

  • A and B only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 109 of 200

1

Incident-to-billing can be used in which of the following practice settings:

Select one of the following:

  • A hospital-based clinic

  • An independent clinic

  • A community pharmacy

  • A dependent hospital

Explanation

Question 110 of 200

1

A law that compels hospital to treat patients who present in the emergency room regardless of
ability to pay or insurance status. The law also intends to prevent “patient dumping.”

Select one of the following:

  • Emergency Medical Treatment and Association Labor Act B. Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Law Act

  • Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Law Act

  • Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Legal Act

  • Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act

Explanation

Question 111 of 200

1

Select the true statement:

Select one of the following:

  • The patient centered medical home (PCMH) is not simply a place but a model of organization of primary care that delivers the core functions of primary health care. It does not encompass these five functions and attributes: Comprehensive care, Patient- centered, coordinated care, accessible services, quality and safety.

  • The patient centered medical home (PCMH) is not simply a place but a model of organization of primary care that delivers the core functions of primary health care. It encompasses five functions and attributes: Comprehensive care, Patient-centered, coordinated care, accessible services, quality and safety.

  • PCMH is a United States law

  • PCMH has not demonstrated quality

Explanation

Question 112 of 200

1

Ambulatory Care is:

Select one of the following:

  • Healthcare services provided to a patient who is not an inpatient in a healthcare institution (e.g., nursing home or hospital) and can walk or move about to obtain those services.

  • The provision of integrated, accessible health care services by clinicians who are accountable for addressing a large majority of personal health care needs, developing a sustained partnership with patients, and practicing in the context of family and community.

  • Considered inpatient hospitals services

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 113 of 200

1

Health care reforms have begun changing the emphasis in medical practice from treating illness in individual patients to maintaining wellness in community populations. This shift poses major challenges to the medical education process because:

Select one of the following:

  • medical school education and training has historically focused on curing illness, not preventing it

  • preventive medicine has historically been assigned low priority in medical school curricula

  • preventive medicine has always been a focus of the pharmacy profession

  • A and B only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 114 of 200

1

Infrastructure investment secured by Hill-Burton Act further propelling the growth of:

Select one of the following:

  • YMCA Gymnasiums

  • American Pharmacists Association

  • Corner drug stores

  • Hospitals

Explanation

Question 115 of 200

1

Insurers can increase cost containment efforts via:

Select one of the following:

  • Prior approvals or prior authorization

  • Primary care as gatekeepers

  • Promotion of tertiary prevention

  • A and B only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 116 of 200

1

Hospital mergers or acquisitions often take advantage of:

Select one of the following:

  • Finance of Scale

  • Scale of Economy

  • Scale of Justice

  • Economies of Scale

Explanation

Question 117 of 200

1

In part due to a shift from acute to chronic disease:

Select one of the following:

  • Hospital systems have increased outpatient (or ambulatory care) facilities and services as well as other healthcare interests

  • Hospital systems have decreased outpatient (or ambulatory care) facilities and services as well as other healthcare interests

  • Hospital systems have not changed

  • None of the above are true

Explanation

Question 118 of 200

1

The Patient Protection Affordable Care Act proposed a mandate that taxes tanning via artificial tanning beds; the
tax rate is:

Select one of the following:

  • 10%

  • 50%

  • 100%

  • Taxing to decrease behavior has never been done

Explanation

Question 119 of 200

1

The Patient Protection Affordable Care Act has curtailed restrictions (by insurers) on:

Select one of the following:

  • pre-existing conditions

  • lifetime limits

  • practicing preventive health

  • A and B only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 120 of 200

1

The Patient Protection Affordable Care Act specifically mentions the word “Pharmacist."

Select one of the following:

  • Yes, pharmacist provisions are increasing

  • No, pharmacist provisions are decreasing

  • Yes, pharmacist are encouraged to be like physicians

  • No, pharmacist are encouraged to be like nurses

Explanation

Question 121 of 200

1

According to a JAMA report in 1995, 78% of system failures and errors can be attributed to:

Select one of the following:

  • Unlimited information access

  • Limited information access

  • lacking standardization

  • B and C only

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 122 of 200

1

Computerized Provider Order Entry:

Select one of the following:

  • can be orders for labs, medications, etc.

  • eliminates verbal, telephone, faxed orders

  • ensures orders are legible

  • A and B only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 123 of 200

1

One way to reduce medication error rate is with

Select one of the following:

  • Bar Channel Medication Administration

  • Bar Channel Medicine Administration

  • Bar Code Medication Administration

  • Bar Code Medication Association

Explanation

Question 124 of 200

1

An example of adjudication in healthcare is

Select one of the following:

  • defaulting on a pharmacy claim

  • processing a pharmacy claim

  • Neither A or B is an example

  • Both A and B are examples

Explanation

Question 125 of 200

1

With respect to bioinformatics and the overall consequences:

Select one of the following:

  • Anticipate technology outpacing policies, procedures, practices

  • Ramifications of large systems and automated processes

  • Health information exchange and data ownership

  • B and C only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 126 of 200

1

Factor(s) which might make a patient a good "fit" for home care include

Select one of the following:

  • Too “sick” for self-care but healthy enough to avoid institutional setting

  • home care services available in the area

  • available of family members to assist

  • a and b only

  • a, b, and c

Explanation

Question 127 of 200

1

Activities of Daily Living (ADL) are the basic measurement for determining...

Select one of the following:

  • quality of nursing home care

  • appropriateness of Long-Term Care (LTC) setting selection

  • patient age

  • none of the above

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 128 of 200

1

Demand quantity generally always decreases as price increases because

Select one of the following:

  • replacement products lower prices

  • utility is often elastic as prices increase

  • fewer buyers have ability or willingness to pay the higher price

  • complementary products become available as substitutes

  • the number of consumers in the market increases

Explanation

Question 129 of 200

1

For pharmacists, Mental Health patients often present....

Select one of the following:

  • increased risk of drug interaction issues

  • increased risk of medication adherence problems

  • enhanced patient communication

  • A and B only

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 130 of 200

1

For pharmacists and the interprofessional team, mental health patients often present(s):

Select one of the following:

  • increase risk of drug interaction issues

  • increased risk of medication adherence problems

  • increased difficulty in communication

  • the same need for compassionate care

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 131 of 200

1

Which characteristic is typically associated with a modern hospital?

Select one of the following:

  • staffed by health care professionals

  • provides both ambulatory and inpatient care

  • includes pharmacists as a part of the care team

  • concentration of healthcare facilities and equipment

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 132 of 200

1

Select the true statement about mental health and substance abuse:

Select one of the following:

  • All patients of employer-based insurance plans suffering from a mental or substance abuse disor der avoid diagnosis or treatment.

  • All physicians of employer-based insurance plans suffering from a mental or substance abuse dis order avoid diagnosis or treatment.

  • Many physicians of employer-based insurance plans suffering from a mental or substance abuse disorder avoid diagnosis or treatment.

  • Many patients of employer-based insurance plans suffering from a mental or substance abuse dis order avoid diagnosis or treatment.

Explanation

Question 133 of 200

1

The following statements concerning the Veterans Administration are true:

Select one of the following:

  • The VA system includes medical centers, outpatient clinics and community clinics

  • VA pharmacists provide a large variety of clinical services

  • Ambulatory services available through the VA are restricted to combat related illnesses

  • a and b

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 134 of 200

1

Home care pharmacy standards are developed by:

Select one of the following:

  • American Society of Health-System Pharmacists

  • American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy

  • American Colleges of Pharmaceutical Education

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 135 of 200

1

Improving economic performance of the health care system through introducing all aspects of market
forces to improve cost and quality should include:

Select one of the following:

  • Making patients more sensitive costs and quality (e.g., transparency of information; tiered cost- sharing, defined contributions for health insurance)

  • Report costs, quality, and quantity of services of providers to promote competition among providers.

  • Design physician and hospital reimbursement schemes with incentives to reduce costs.

  • B and C only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 136 of 200

1

Many policy makers believe health care is a(n)_________, and therefore, should be regulated as a public utility (control fees and prices).

Select one of the following:

  • oligopoly

  • monopsony

  • elastic demand

  • monopoly

Explanation

Question 137 of 200

1

All of the following contribute to increased competition EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

  • open information

  • available substitute goods

  • lower barriers to entry

  • many market participants

  • a strong patent and copyright system

Explanation

Question 138 of 200

1

Elasticity refers to change in demanded quantity due to change in

Select one of the following:

  • number of consumers

  • availability of substitutes

  • price

  • supply

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 139 of 200

1

The average charge for Assisted Living in the US is...

Select one of the following:

  • significantly higher than skilled nursing care

  • approximately $3300/month (2010 data)

  • approximately $200/bed/day (2010 data)

  • 100% covered by Medicare and Medicaid

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 140 of 200

1

Hospitals have reacted to Medicare’s Prospective Payment System (PPS) and insurance plan capitation by

Select one of the following:

  • increasing use of PAs and NPs

  • performing more services on an inpatient basis

  • increasing outpatient services offered

  • requiring minimum patient stay lengths

  • requiring prior approvals

Explanation

Question 141 of 200

1

Patient treatment needs which are typical for Long-term Care (LTC) include all of the following except...

Select one of the following:

  • physical therapy

  • broken leg rehab

  • Alzheimer's

  • surgery

  • IV drug therapy

Explanation

Question 142 of 200

1

According to epidemiological data, what factor or barrier is the primary reason for not seeking treatment?

Select one of the following:

  • Access

  • Quality

  • Cost

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 143 of 200

1

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)...

Select one of the following:

  • recommends drug recalls to the Consumer Products Safety Commission

  • has little control of how a drug is used after approval

  • has no regulatory authority for non-print advertising (FCC regulates) of drugs

  • provides DEA agents to Homeland Security to enforce reimportation regulations
    

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 144 of 200

1

A New Drug Application (NDA) is submitted to the FDA

Select one of the following:

  • to request approval for marketing a new drug

  • prior to phase IV clinicals

  • to request approval to begin phase I clinicals

  • A & B only

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 145 of 200

1

Some types of “errors” caught in medication reconciliation include:

Select one of the following:

  • Omissions

  • Duplications

  • Dosing errors

  • a and b only

  • a, b, and c

Explanation

Question 146 of 200

1

The majority of Assisted Living residents move in from

Select one of the following:

  • their homes

  • the hospital

  • skilled nursing facilities

  • hospice

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 147 of 200

1

A believable rumor of an upcoming price increase will likely:

Select one of the following:

  • cause an increase in demand

  • cause a decrease in demand

  • cause increased utility

  • cause decreased utility

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 148 of 200

1

A market structure closest to perfect competition...

Select one of the following:

  • is quite similar to the market for Medicare services

  • has strong regulation to ensure qualified, competent sellers

  • might have market analysts who sell exclusive, valuable market information

  • has financing to support substantial capital expenditures for market entry

  • has no collusion

Explanation

Question 149 of 200

1

In most hospitals, formularies are used to limit the options available to the Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committee.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 150 of 200

1

Abraham Flexner's 1910 report recommended:

Select one of the following:

  • increased standards for medical education

  • creation of HMO's

  • elimination of osteopathic medical schools

  • rejection of the germ theory of disease

Explanation

Question 151 of 200

1

There are multiple criticisms of the U.S. healthcare system which have historically driven the need for reform including access to care and cost effectiveness.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 152 of 200

1

Indian Health Service participants who do not live on or near 564 reservations are eligible for limited healthcare benefits through IHS’s TRICARE program.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 153 of 200

1

We are projected to run out of bar codes

Select one of the following:

  • in 10-15 years

  • in 15-30 years

  • in over 100 years

  • not projected - depends on rate of new drug approval

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 154 of 200

1

Every substance can be toxic and some can be therapeutic depending on the concentration.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 155 of 200

1

Modern enterprise systems integrate financial accounting with inventory, manufacturing, sales, or other modules.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 156 of 200

1

In nuclear pharmacies, most of the pharmacist’s time is involved with

Select one of the following:

  • Personnel management

  • Medication preparation

  • Medication Dispensing

  • Business related activities-financial management

Explanation

Question 157 of 200

1

Although supply and demand curves have different slopes, both are always straight lines.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 158 of 200

1

A pharmacy is not only a dispensing environment - it can also be thought of as an assembly operation.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 159 of 200

1

The Durham-Humphrey amendment created

Select one of the following:

  • hospital funding

  • the FDA

  • the category of Legend drugs

  • pharmacists' license requirements

Explanation

Question 160 of 200

1

Current and growing public health opportunities include all of the following EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

  • pharmacovigilance

  • pandemic preparedness

  • healthcare workforce development

  • cosmetic surgery

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 161 of 200

1

For those over age 65, all Parts of Medicare are optional EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

  • Part A

  • Part B

  • Part C

  • Part D

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 162 of 200

1

Health insurance is not a strong "fit" with the criteria for insurable risk and prescription coverage is an even worse "fit".

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 163 of 200

1

Managed care organizations can be a hybrid of health insurer and health care provider.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 164 of 200

1

The FDA's roles in drug development include all of the following EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

  • premarketing clearance

  • regulation of labeling

  • manufacturing regulation

  • development of bioequivalent compounds

  • conducting postmarketing surveillance

Explanation

Question 165 of 200

1

Medical School training in the first two years is typically focused on

Select one of the following:

  • Clinical training

  • Research

  • Cadavers and sleeplessness

  • Basic science

  • Internships followed by Residency

Explanation

Question 166 of 200

1

Adherence implies a patient choice in making the decision to follow a health professional's recommendations.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 167 of 200

1

While medical internships are typically two years following residency, they emphasize clinical work over basic sciences.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 168 of 200

1

Continuing challenges of applying technology in a healthcare environment include

Select one of the following:

  • systems integration

  • transactional integrity

  • barcode specificity

  • A & B above

  • A, B, & C above

Explanation

Question 169 of 200

1

Complementary products, more consumers, and expected price increases...

Select one of the following:

  • typically result in increased demand

  • have no effect on demand

  • typically result in decreased demand

Explanation

Question 170 of 200

1

"Off label" marketing refers to a manufacturer failing to include all known side effect, risks, and indications on labels and advertisements.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 171 of 200

1

Even though jails and prisons are obligated to provide similar discharge care for mental/behavioral (psychiatric medications, discharge plans, etc.), they are decreasing as defacto mental/behavioral health provider.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 172 of 200

1

Pick the correct order of increasing number of practitioners:

Select one of the following:

  • Nurses -> Physicians -> Pharmacists

  • Physicians -> Pharmacists -> Nurses

  • Pharmacists -> Nurses -> Physicians

  • Pharmacists -> Physicians -> Nurses

  • Physicians -> Nurses -> Pharmacists

Explanation

Question 173 of 200

1

Risk management problems with health insurance include all of following except

Select one of the following:

  • provider/physician induced demand

  • selectivity in when patients purchase health insurance

  • increase risk of heart disease between genders

  • epidemic diseases

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 174 of 200

1

The biggest difference in health care between developing and developed countries is:

Select one of the following:

  • Communicable diseases are more prevalent than chronic diseases in developing countries.

  • Chronic diseases are more prevalent than communicable diseases in developing countries.

  • Developing countries all have portability of benefits.

  • Developing countries all have a socialized medicine system of health care.

Explanation

Question 175 of 200

1

Consultant pharmacists are not allowed to perform DRR for Medicare certified nursing facilities.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 176 of 200

1

The type of health care system where the government provides health insurance to all citizens is:

Select one of the following:

  • Socialized health insurance

  • Social security

  • Social solidarity

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 177 of 200

1

The Minimum Data Set is an assessment of a patient's capabilities in common tasks such as bathing, dressing, and eating.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 178 of 200

1

Direct-to-consumer advertising and increased information access are affecting prescribing and medication use in the United States.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 179 of 200

1

The federal government often intercedes in healthcare when

Select one of the following:

  • Market failure prevents healthcare access

  • Safety of a product must be assured

  • practitioners must be licensed

  • A & B above

  • A, B, & C above

Explanation

Question 180 of 200

1

Hospital Emergency Departments are designed to diagnose and treat a broad range of non-urgent cases.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 181 of 200

1

Skilled Nursing Facilities are highly regulated by state and federal agencies.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 182 of 200

1

Home Care Pharmacy standards are published by the International Joint Commission

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 183 of 200

1

The Medicare program is administered by the CMS.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 184 of 200

1

Continuing Care Retirement Communities may provide:

Select one of the following:

  • independent living

  • skilled nursing

  • activities

  • dining

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 185 of 200

1

For a provider, becoming part of a managed care network typically involves increased risk exposure to patients' health but decreased cost or risk of "acquiring" patients.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 186 of 200

1

For a provider, becoming part of a managed care network typically involves increased risk exposure to patients' health but decreased cost or risk of "acquiring" patients.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 187 of 200

1

Health Literacy...

Select one of the following:

  • does not differ among patient demographics

  • encompasses only print and electronic information

  • is an important factor in health care cost control

  • all of the above

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 188 of 200

1

Group policies are usually less expensive than individual policies because:

Select one of the following:

  • Group policies are most often negotiated by large companies with skilled negotiators

  • Insurance companies pay significantly greater sales commissions for individual policies than group policies

  • Individual policies are most often purchased by those less healthy in need of coverage but groups policies include everyone in the group

  • Insurance companies selling individual policies cannot legally restrict policyholders to specific (discounted) hospital/physicians

Explanation

Question 189 of 200

1

Which market most closely resembles a monopoly?

Select one of the following:

  • A rural community with one grocery store and many residents

  • A farming community with one cotton mill and many cotton farms

  • An urban neighborhood with several "bodega" style food markets and many residents

  • An urban area with two oil refineries and many automobiles

  • A farmer's market in a suburban community

Explanation

Question 190 of 200

1

The U.S. federal, state, and local governments roles in healthcare include:

Select one of the following:

  • payor

  • provider

  • regulator

  • all of the above

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 191 of 200

1

The FDA was created by

Select one of the following:

  • The Food, Drug, & Cosmetic Act of 1938

  • The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

  • The Flexner report of 1910

  • The Import Drug act of 1848

  • An Amendment to the Social Security Act of 1935

Explanation

Question 192 of 200

1

The 2010 Health Care Reform laws established a new role for our federal government as a health care provider.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 193 of 200

1

Hospitals utilizing a centralized pharmacy distribution system need not centralize pharmacists also.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 194 of 200

1

Since its inception Medicare cost have:

Select one of the following:

  • Remained constant

  • Steadily increased

  • Steadily decreased

  • Contributed to the deflation of health costs

Explanation

Question 195 of 200

1

Healthcare is not subject to market forces due to the unpredictability of illness, universal demand, and the lack of full and free information.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 196 of 200

1

Preceptors' prescribing habits, regulatory mechanisms, and formularies influence prescribing behavior.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 197 of 200

1

While health care reform laws have been proposed and debated in congress during multiple presidential administrations including Truman and most recently Clinton, the 2010 reforms represent the first passage of any federal reform law.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 198 of 200

1

Similar to property and casualty insurance, health insurance applies the theory of risk pooling to manage unanticipated risk.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 199 of 200

1

Specialty practice physician compensation is _______ primary care physician compensation.

Select one of the following:

  • typically greater than

  • typically less than

  • approximately the same as

Explanation

Question 200 of 200

1

The majority of Medicare funding comes from:

Select one of the following:

  • Payroll taxes

  • State appropriations

  • Health care taxes

  • Government budget surplus

Explanation

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