John Appleseed9305
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John Appleseed9305
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dexa 2

Question 1 of 145

1

According to WHO, for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, based on the measurement of bone density is:

Select one of the following:

  • 2.5 SDs or more below the young adult peak bone density and a fracture

  • 2.5 SDs or more below the young adult peak bone density

  • More than 1 SD but less than 2.5 SDs below the young adult peak bone density

  • Not more than 1 SD below the young adult peak bone density

Explanation

Question 2 of 145

1

What is the most common technique that is used to measure BMD?

Select one of the following:

  • QUS

  • QCT

  • SXA

  • DXA

Explanation

Question 3 of 145

1

What is the most common osteoporotic fracture?

Select one of the following:

  • Hip

  • Shoulder

  • Spine

  • Wrist

Explanation

Question 4 of 145

1

In bone densitometry, what is the primary responsibility of the technologist?

Select one of the following:

  • beam collimation

  • distance

  • shielding

  • time

Explanation

Question 5 of 145

1

Which of the following is considered an uncontrollable risk factor for osteoporosis?

Select one of the following:

  • exercise

  • lifestyle choices

  • smoking

  • race

Explanation

Question 6 of 145

1

Which of the following measures more trabecular bone?

Select one of the following:

  • PA spine

  • Lateral spine

  • QCT spine

  • VFA

Explanation

Question 7 of 145

1

Primary osteoporosis Type 1, is related to

Select one of the following:

  • aging

  • disease

  • medication

  • menopause

Explanation

Question 8 of 145

1

Identify the incorrect statement from the following:

Select one of the following:

  • Caucasian and Asians are at an increase risk of developing osteoporosis compared to other ethnic groups

  • most obese patients are at an increase risk of developing osteoporosis

  • women are at an increase risk of developing osteoporosis compared to men because they achieve a lower peak bone mass and go through menopause

  • smoking is a recognized risk factor for the development of osteoporosis

Explanation

Question 9 of 145

1

Cancellous bone is also known as :

Select one of the following:

  • compact bone

  • cortical bone

  • trabecular bone

  • osteophyte

Explanation

Question 10 of 145

1

New bone matrix is formed by:

Select one of the following:

  • osteoblasts

  • osteoclasts

  • cortical bone

  • cancellous bone

Explanation

Question 11 of 145

1

What percentage of trabecular bone is found in the PA spine?

Select one of the following:

  • 1%

  • 33%

  • 50%

  • 66%

Explanation

Question 12 of 145

1

Currently, the most accurate method to determine a patient’s response to therapy form osteoporosis is:

Select one of the following:

  • serial DXA measurements of the forearm

  • serial DXA measurements of the hip and spine

  • serial QUS measurements of the calcareous

  • Serial QCT measurements of the spine

Explanation

Question 13 of 145

1

Which of the following does not help in achieving peak bone mass?

Select one of the following:

  • normal puberty

  • exercise

  • corticosteroid therapy

  • adequate calcium and vitamin D intake

Explanation

Question 14 of 145

1

Which of the following statement is false concerning QUS advantages over x-ray base methodologies for BMD measurements?

Select one of the following:

  • QUS units are comparatively inexpensive

  • the patients heel must be immersed in liquid during the procedure

  • patients are not subjected to ionizing radiation

  • ultrasound examinations are quick to perform

Explanation

Question 15 of 145

1

which of following site is mostly composed of cortical bone

Select one of the following:

  • distal forearm

  • femoral neck

  • proximal forearm

  • vertebral bodies

Explanation

Question 16 of 145

1

What is the anatomical landmark on the proximal femur that indicates the best visual indication of the degree of rotation of the proximal femur?

Select one of the following:

  • femoral head

  • femoral shaft

  • greater trochanter

  • lesser trochanter

Explanation

Question 17 of 145

1

Which lumbar vertebra is described as having a characteristic shape of an X or H on a DXA PA spine scan?

Select one of the following:

  • L1

  • L2

  • L3

  • L4

Explanation

Question 18 of 145

1

What is the name of the radionuclitide used in DPA?

Select one of the following:

  • Americium- 241

  • Gadolinium-153

  • Iodine‘-125

  • Technetium-99

Explanation

Question 19 of 145

1

The forearm is not used to monitor the effects of therapy for osteoporosis because

Select one of the following:

  • accuracy is poor

  • precision is poor

  • there is no effect

  • the rate of change in BMD is to slow

Explanation

Question 20 of 145

1

Which of the following is not a bisphosphonate?

Select one of the following:

  • alendronate

  • etodronate

  • foiteo

  • zoledronic acid

Explanation

Question 21 of 145

1

The primary mechanism of action of anti-resorptive therapies is the result of direct interaction with:

Select one of the following:

  • the bone lining cells

  • the osteoblasts

  • the osteoclasts

  • the osteocytes

Explanation

Question 22 of 145

1

The WHO criteria for diagnosing osteoporosis was initially defined to apply to

Select one of the following:

  • all women

  • all Caucasian women

  • only postmenopausal women

  • only Caucasian postmenopausal women

Explanation

Question 23 of 145

1

The measurement of peripheral BMD is advocated for

Select one of the following:

  • all individuals regardless of age

  • pediatrics

  • screening

  • males

Explanation

Question 24 of 145

1

The PA spine mostly measures the:

Select one of the following:

  • posterior elements

  • vertebral bodies

  • transverse processes

  • pedicle

Explanation

Question 25 of 145

1

Which of the following statement about QCT measurements of bone density of the spine is not
True?

Select one of the following:

  • the measurements are volumetric rather than areal measurements of bone density

  • accuracy may be affected by marrow fat

  • results are usually reported in g/cm squared

  • trabecular bone can be isolated from cortical bone

Explanation

Question 26 of 145

1

ln order to do a compare analysis:

Select one of the following:

  • the patient must have a previous scan done on the same mode/speed

  • you must retrieve the baseline scan(s)

  • patient positioning must be consistent

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 27 of 145

1

How many degrees should you rotate the femur when positioning for a proximal femur scan?

Select one of the following:

  • 10 -15 degrees

  • 15-25 degrees

  • 20-25 degrees

  • 25-30 degrees

Explanation

Question 28 of 145

1

When should Z-scores be used to make a diagnosis, instead of T-scores?

Select one of the following:

  • females 65 and older

  • males 65 and older

  • postmenopausal females

  • males or females under age 20

Explanation

Question 29 of 145

1

Which of the following bone parameters is measured in grams?

Select one of the following:

  • area

  • bone mineral content

  • bone mineral density

  • total

Explanation

Question 30 of 145

1

Which lumbar vertebra has the widest transverse process?

Select one of the following:

  • L1

  • L2

  • L3

  • L4

Explanation

Question 31 of 145

1

The region of the proximal femur lying on the border of the femoral neck is termed:

Select one of the following:

  • lesser trochanter

  • femoral head

  • hip axis length

  • ward's area

Explanation

Question 32 of 145

1

What is important for serial monitoring?

Select one of the following:

  • accuracy

  • precision

Explanation

Question 33 of 145

1

If the daily QC fails, (in the United States) what should be your first step of action?

Select one of the following:

  • repeat the scan

  • call the manufacturer

  • get yourself another cup of coffee

  • go home!

Explanation

Question 34 of 145

1

With changes in rotation of the femoral neck what happens?

Select one of the following:

  • decrease in the BMC

  • decrease in the BMD

  • increase in the BMD

  • increase ROI

Explanation

Question 35 of 145

1

Which of the following would best describe low bone mass due to menopause?

Select one of the following:

  • primary osteoporosis/Type 1

  • primary osteoporosis/Type 11

  • secondary osteoporosis

Explanation

Question 36 of 145

1

According to WHO, if a healthy female age 36 (female with no known medical condition present, all body parts working perfecting) has a T-score of 1 6 SD how would she be diagnosed?

Select one of the following:

  • normal

  • osteopenia

  • osteoporosis

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 37 of 145

1

Which of the following term best describes the sum of data values divided by the number of values?

Select one of the following:

  • the mean

  • the standard deviation

  • the variance

  • the coefficient

Explanation

Question 38 of 145

1

How many decimal places to the right of the decimal point is used in reporting the T-scores?

Select one of the following:

  • 0

  • 1

  • 2

  • 3

Explanation

Question 39 of 145

1

At low energies the majority of x-ray interactions are:

Select one of the following:

  • Compton scattering

  • photoelectric

  • photodisintegration

  • pair production

Explanation

Question 40 of 145

1

What concept should always guide radiation protection effects?

Select one of the following:

  • time

  • distance

  • shielding

  • ALARA

Explanation

Question 41 of 145

1

If a patient has a history of hyper-parathyroidism, which of the following would be the preferred site to evaluate ?

Select one of the following:

  • proximal femur

  • spine

  • ultradistal

  • 33% or 1/3 forearm

Explanation

Question 42 of 145

1

Which of the following classes of cells are involved in bone remodeling?

Select one of the following:

  • osteoblasts

  • osteoclasts

  • osteocytes

  • a and b

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 43 of 145

1

Which of the following has the highest percentage of cortical bone?

Select one of the following:

  • femoral neck

  • fingers

  • whole body

  • 33% radius

Explanation

Question 44 of 145

1

Which of the following bone parameters is measured in grams per centimeter squared?

Select one of the following:

  • area

  • BMC

  • BMD

  • BMMA

Explanation

Question 45 of 145

1

What is the percentage of trabecular bone in the skeleton?

Select one of the following:

  • 20%

  • 30%

  • 70%

  • 80%

Explanation

Question 46 of 145

1

How would start labeling the vertebral bodies on a PA lumbar scan?

Select one of the following:

  • Let the software do it all!

  • start at L1, and count/label down

  • start at L4, and count/label up

Explanation

Question 47 of 145

1

What is the major source of precision error in clinical practice?

Select one of the following:

  • equipment

  • physician

  • technologist

  • receptionist

Explanation

Question 48 of 145

1

Which of the following is correct?

Select one of the following:

  • BMD=BMC/Area

  • BMD=BMCxArea

Explanation

Question 49 of 145

1

During analyzes of the lumbar spine, what would help you identify the vertebral bodies?

Select one of the following:

  • read the manual

  • look for L3 ( longest transverse process)

  • their characteristic shapes

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 50 of 145

1

A great forearm scan should include all of the following except:

Select one of the following:

  • forearm centered

  • forearm straight

  • free of artifacts

  • motion

Explanation

Question 51 of 145

1

Sunlight is the main source of vitamin:

Select one of the following:

  • A

  • C

  • D

  • K

Explanation

Question 52 of 145

1

Bisphosphonates prevent bone loss by:

Select one of the following:

  • reducing the activity of the osteoclasts

  • increasing the activity of the osteoblasts

  • increasing the activity of the osteoclasts

Explanation

Question 53 of 145

1

DXA results may be influenced by:

Select one of the following:

  • body thickness

  • degenerative changes

  • fractures

  • scan mode

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 54 of 145

1

Which of the following would best describe the effective dose for a central DXA scan?

Select one of the following:

  • one-tenth of a chest x-ray

  • less than a day of background radiation

  • less than a round trip from Boston to LA

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 55 of 145

1

When measuring the proximal femur, which of the following statements is true?

Select one of the following:

  • the neck ROI includes any portion of the greater trochanter

  • the neck ROI is perpendicular to the femoral neck

  • the neck ROI includes both ends in bone

  • I need to read the manual!!

Explanation

Question 56 of 145

1

Which of the following statements is true regarding DXA?

Select one of the following:

  • DXA has been widely studied and requires a radioactive source

  • DXA is faster than DPA but is not as precise

  • DXA can only predict fracture risk of the hip and spine

  • DXA can be used to predict fracture risk and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment

Explanation

Question 57 of 145

1

How often should you perform the QA on the DXA unit?

Select one of the following:

  • once a week

  • once a year

  • every day you scan

  • only when you get a message on your monitor

Explanation

Question 58 of 145

1

Why is the non-dominant arm used in bone densitometry?

Select one of the following:

  • easier for the patient

  • easier for the technologist

  • its density values will be greater than that of the dominant arm

  • reference values reflect non-dominant arm measurements

Explanation

Question 59 of 145

1

If a patients BMC is 60.58 and the area is 61.60 what is her BMD?

Select one of the following:

  • 0.983

  • 1.01

Explanation

Question 60 of 145

1

All of the following are true, except:

Select one of the following:

  • accuracy is the ability to measure true value

  • accuracy is most important for diagnosis, less important for serial monitoring

  • accuracy is affected by the technologist

  • accuracy is affected by the technology

Explanation

Question 61 of 145

1

What is the distance a technologist should be away from the edge of the DXA table with a pencil beam scanner?

Select one of the following:

  • 2 feet

  • 3 feet

  • 4 feet

  • 10 feet

Explanation

Question 62 of 145

1

What is the most common osteoporotic fracture?

Select one of the following:

  • heel

  • hip

  • spine

  • wrist

Explanation

Question 63 of 145

1

Two bones with the same volumetric densities may have different densities when measured with DXA because:

Select one of the following:

  • poor precision

  • poor accuracy

  • differ in size

  • degenerative changes

Explanation

Question 64 of 145

1

Regarding the Shewart Rules, the control limits are based on what percentage of the average values?

Select one of the following:

  • 0.5%

  • 1%

  • 1.5%

  • 2%

Explanation

Question 65 of 145

1

All follow-up DXA scans should be compared to:

Select one of the following:

  • any prior scan

  • the most recent scan

  • the baseline scan

  • Operator’s choice!

Explanation

Question 66 of 145

1

With DXA, regarding the PA spine, which vertebra is expected to have the lowest bone mineral density?

Select one of the following:

  • L1

  • L2

  • L3

  • L4

Explanation

Question 67 of 145

1

A DXA scanner that uses a single detector and a pinhole collimator is:

Select one of the following:

  • a fan beam scanner

  • a pencil beam scanner

  • an aerial beam scanner

Explanation

Question 68 of 145

1

The characteristic shapes of the vertebrae seen on the spine DXA image are primarily based on the appearance of the:

Select one of the following:

  • transverse processes

  • vertebral bodies

  • posterior elements of the vertebra

  • intervertebral discs

Explanation

Question 69 of 145

1

When scanning the proximal femur, what is the anatomical landmark to look at if you have correct rotation?

Select one of the following:

  • the femoral head

  • the greater trochanter

  • the lesser trochanter

  • the ischium

Explanation

Question 70 of 145

1

To determine the least significant change at 95% confidence level (for baseline and one follow-up scan), what is the "number" which the precision error is multiplied to determine the least significant change?

Select one of the following:

  • 2.77

  • 1.96

  • 1.81

  • 1.28

Explanation

Question 71 of 145

1

A technologist should perform a precision study in order to:

Select one of the following:

  • quantify the shifts and drifts(QA)

  • calculate the LSC

  • To see how great you are!

  • To see how great your doc is doing!

Explanation

Question 72 of 145

1

How many places to the right of the decimal point is used in reporting BMD?

Select one of the following:

  • 0

  • 1

  • 2

  • 3

Explanation

Question 73 of 145

1

The name of the forearm sites is based on what?

Select one of the following:

  • the location of the site on the bone in relationship to the overall length of the radius

  • the location of the site on the bone in relationship to the overall length of the ulna

  • % of cortical bone found at that site

  • % of trabecular bone found at that site

Explanation

Question 74 of 145

1

What skeletal site may be preferred for assessing early menopause or following oophorectomy?

Select one of the following:

  • Calcaneus

  • Forearm

  • Hip

  • spine

Explanation

Question 75 of 145

1

When analyzing the PA spine, which of the following is a "no can do?

Select one of the following:

  • Spine straight and centered within the ROI

  • The top line of the ROI positioned between T12 and L1

  • The bottom of the line of the ROI positioned between L4 and L5

  • Width is operator’s choice

Explanation

Question 76 of 145

1

If you are very fortunate, and you get a new DXA unit, what must be performed in order to do compare studies?

Select one of the following:

  • establish QC program

  • cross-calibration

Explanation

Question 77 of 145

1

All of the following are examples of weight-bearing exercise except:

Select one of the following:

  • running

  • dancing

  • racket sports

  • lap swimming

Explanation

Question 78 of 145

1

What type of bone with long term use of steroids affect?

Select one of the following:

  • trabecular

  • cancellous

  • Cortical

  • Compact

  • a and b

  • b and c

  • c and d

Explanation

Question 79 of 145

1

If a patient has had an Iaminectomy, how would that affect the results?

Select one of the following:

  • increase BMD

  • decrease BMD

  • nothing at all

Explanation

Question 80 of 145

1

What are the two most common methods for shifting the energies in DXA units?

Select one of the following:

  • energy switching

  • K-edge filtration

  • Compton effect

  • photoelectric effect

Explanation

Question 81 of 145

1

Why do you use a leg block, when performing a PA spine DXA scan? Select all that appy.

Select one of the following:

  • reduce Iordotic curve

  • separate the verebrae

  • may feel good to the patient

  • Operator’s manual said so!

Explanation

Question 82 of 145

1

What is the term often used to express the precision of the DXA unit?

Select one of the following:

  • mean

  • standard deviation

  • linear regression

Explanation

Question 83 of 145

1

Why do you use a “hip positioner", during scanning of the proximal femur?

Select one of the following:

  • to place the femoral neck parallel to the tabletop

  • to place the ward's area in the correct location

  • to obtain the total hip results

  • because you have it!

Explanation

Question 84 of 145

1

lf a patients is found to have coins in their pocket while obtaining the proximal femur what should you do.

Select one of the following:

  • scan the other hip

  • scan the forearm

  • remove the coins and rescan the hip

  • remove the coins and keep them!

Explanation

Question 85 of 145

1

A patient with an elevated alkaline phosphatase may be an indicator of

Select one of the following:

  • osteoporosis

  • osteomalacia

  • osteopetrosis

  • Pagets

Explanation

Question 86 of 145

1

What is the percentage of cortical bone (compact bone) in the skeleton?

Select one of the following:

  • 20%

  • 30%

  • 70%

  • 80%

Explanation

Question 87 of 145

1

What angle should the patient's leg be positioned on the leg block for the PA spine?

Select one of the following:

  • 30-60 degrees

  • 40-60 degrees

  • 60-80 degrees

  • 60-90 degrees

Explanation

Question 88 of 145

1

What year was the Bone Mass Measurement Act proposed?

Select one of the following:

  • 1991

  • 1993

  • 1997

  • 1998

Explanation

Question 89 of 145

1

What pharmaceutical may be suggested for a woman with high risk of breast cancer and elevated lipids?

Select one of the following:

  • Actonel

  • Evista

  • Fosamax

  • Prolia

Explanation

Question 90 of 145

1

In bone densitometry, what describes the ability to reproduce the measurement when it is performed under identical conditions?

Select one of the following:

  • absolute risk

  • accuracy

  • precision

  • relative risk

Explanation

Question 91 of 145

1

Decide which of the following is the most important factor to consider when performing a DXA scan?

Select one of the following:

  • make sure pt is comfortable

  • make sure patient removes items that may attenuate the beam

  • make sure patient is NPO

  • make sure that you have the correct patient!

Explanation

Question 92 of 145

1

How can a patient be deprived of vitamin D?

Select one of the following:

  • reduction in dietary intake

  • malabsorption of fats

  • not exposed to sunlight

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 93 of 145

1

Which of the following calcium supplements should be the choice for women who are at risk of kidney stone formation?

Select one of the following:

  • calcium carbonate

  • calcium citrate

  • calcium gluconate

  • calcium lactate

Explanation

Question 94 of 145

1

The correct way to measure radiation dose is as effective dose, expressed as:

Select one of the following:

  • uGy

  • uSv

  • uCi

  • rad

Explanation

Question 95 of 145

1

All of the following are risk factors for 733 except:

Select one of the following:

  • smoking

  • drinking 48 ounces of coffee a day

  • alcohol use

  • obesity

Explanation

Question 96 of 145

1

QUS what is the gold standard to measure bone density?

Select one of the following:

  • DPA

  • DXA

  • QCT

  • QUS

Explanation

Question 97 of 145

1

Cortical bone makes up what?

Select one of the following:

  • the inner core of the bones

  • the outer core of the bones

Explanation

Question 98 of 145

1

All of the following are correct except:

Select one of the following:

  • osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic

  • back pain and height loss may be the first signs of osteoporosis

  • kyphosis is common in patients with osteoporosis

  • African Americans are at higher risk to develop osteoporotic in comparison to Asians

Explanation

Question 99 of 145

1

What are the four classifications that apply to the heel?

Select one of the following:

  • appendicular, predominately trabecular and weight-bearing

  • axial, peripheral, predominantly cortical and non weight-bearing

Explanation

Question 100 of 145

1

Secondary osteoporosis is defined as:

Select one of the following:

  • bone loss caused by factors other than estrogen deficiency

  • bone loss caused by factors other than aging

  • bone loss caused by factors other than estrogen deficiency and aging

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 101 of 145

1

The forearm, pelvis, and scapula all belong to which skeletal classification?

Select one of the following:

  • appendicular

  • axial

  • central

  • weight-bearing

  • a and b

Explanation

Question 102 of 145

1

When there is an imbalance/uncoupling of the remodeling cycle, the result is

Select one of the following:

  • an increase in the calcium

  • a decrease in the resorption

  • a net gain in the bone mass

  • a net loss in the bone mass

Explanation

Question 103 of 145

1

During a DXA of the hip of a thin patient, a mottled or moth eaten appearance at the edge is seen, what may be helpful to correct this?

Select one of the following:

  • use a higher speed setting

  • use a slower speed setting

  • can another site

  • get the next patient!

Explanation

Question 104 of 145

1

What is the bone edge detection methodology?

Select one of the following:

  • it tests the machine's ability to measure BMD

  • it tests the machine's ability to distinguish bone from soft tissue

  • it verifies the machine is calibrated correctly

Explanation

Question 105 of 145

1

What sites are preferred for children?

Select one of the following:

  • Iumbar spine and hip(s)

  • lumbar spine, hip, and forearm

  • lumbar spine and TBLH

  • lumbar spine only

Explanation

Question 106 of 145

1

In making a diagnosis for children, what are some guidelines? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Z--scores are used

  • low for age is preferred over the term osteopenia

  • pediatric software is highly recommended

  • osteoporosis can be made with a Z-score of -2.5 SD

Explanation

Question 107 of 145

1

What is the only anabolic pharmaceutical on the market for treatment of osteoporosis?

Select one of the following:

  • calcitonin

  • zoledronic acid

  • aloxifene

  • teriparatide

Explanation

Question 108 of 145

1

Although the technology is similar with all the DXA units, the BMD results are different because...select all that apply.

Select one of the following:

  • due to different calibration standards

  • algorithms to calculate BMD

  • differences in the region of interest

  • databases

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 109 of 145

1

For low energies, the most common process of absorption is the:

Select one of the following:

  • Compton effect

  • pair production

  • photoelectric effect

  • photodisintegration

Explanation

Question 110 of 145

1

How many patients and how many times do you scan them in order to perform a precision study? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • 10 patients 3 times

  • 15 patients 3 times

  • 20 patients 2 times

  • 30 patients 2 times

Explanation

Question 111 of 145

1

Phantoms that mimic the shape and size of a skeletal region are called:

Select one of the following:

  • block phantom

  • brass phantom

  • anthromomorphic phantom

  • hydroxyaptite

Explanation

Question 112 of 145

1

If the QC graph shows a gradual decline in BMD overtime, what should you do?

Select one of the following:

  • repeat the QC

  • Re-establish a baseline value

  • call the manufacturer for service

  • upgrade your unit

Explanation

Question 113 of 145

1

Regarding bone densitometry, which of the following best describes accuracy?

Select one of the following:

  • the degree to which the measurement of BD reflects true value

  • the degree to which the QC reflects true value

  • the degree to which the %CV reflects true value

Explanation

Question 114 of 145

1

Which of the following are clinical signs and consequences of vertebral fractures? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • kyphosis

  • weight loss

  • reduced lung function

  • increase in height

Explanation

Question 115 of 145

1

All of the following are markers of bone formation, except?

Select one of the following:

  • 24-hour excretion rate of calcium

  • serum alkaline phosphatase

  • serum osteocalcin

Explanation

Question 116 of 145

1

Pencil beam DXA units usually have shorter scanning times and better resolution compared to fan beam units.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 117 of 145

1

Quantitative ultrasonometry measures the broad band attenuation properties of bone.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 118 of 145

1

The correct term for the scanning pattern of a pencil beam unit is rectilinear.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 119 of 145

1

Archiving patient’s scans and running the system back-up are one in the same.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 120 of 145

1

The weight Iimit for the DXA table is manufacturer specific?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 121 of 145

1

When analyzing the proximal femur the box measuring the neck should include the greater trochanter.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 122 of 145

1

In regards to the International society for Clinical Densitometry 2013 Official Positions, Osteoporosis cannot be diagnosed in men under the age 50 on the basis of BMD alone.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 123 of 145

1

Cortical bone is also known as cancellous bone.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 124 of 145

1

With fan beam scanners, scanning occurs point by point.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 125 of 145

1

Discordance is a term that is rarely used in DXA.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 126 of 145

1

The smaller the %CV, the better the accuracy and precision.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 127 of 145

1

Rheumatoid arthritis can contribute to the development of osteoporosis.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 128 of 145

1

Bone loss occurs when resorption exceeds formation.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 129 of 145

1

T-scores are useful for the expression of relative risk.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 130 of 145

1

T-scores should be used in serial monitoring.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 131 of 145

1

Sievert refers to effective dose.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 132 of 145

1

The measure of the variability or the spread of data around the mean is termed standard deviation.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 133 of 145

1

Accuracy is most important for diagnosis, less important for serial monitoring.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 134 of 145

1

The ultra distal part of the forearm is mostly trabecular bone.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 135 of 145

1

With VFA, you are measuring the BMD L4 through T4.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 136 of 145

1

Cortical bone is primarily affected with an estrogen deficient woman.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 137 of 145

1

Precision is the ability to reproduce a measurement when performed under identical conditions.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 138 of 145

1

When a patient comes back for a follow-up scan, it's no problem if you don't use the compare/copy function.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 139 of 145

1

The Tanner and Whitehouse (TW2) method is often used to indicate bone age in children.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 140 of 145

1

The T-score is the number of SDs an individual’s BMD is from the average BMD for sex-matched young normal peak bone mass.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 141 of 145

1

Caucasians and Asians are at increased risk to developing osteoporosis compared to otherethnic groups.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 142 of 145

1

Smoking is not recognized as a risk factor for the development of osteoporosis.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 143 of 145

1

With fan beam scanners a solid state/multi element array detector system is used.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 144 of 145

1

DXA BMD measures the amount of mineralized tissue in the area scanned. (g/cm3)

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 145 of 145

1

Accuracy indicates how close a measured value is to the actual value.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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