Animal Biology Practice Exam 1

Question 1 of 68

1

Ecology is the study of interactions and relationships of organisms with surrounding biotic and abiotic components.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 2 of 68

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The levels of ecology from smallest to largest are:

< < < <

Explanation

Question 3 of 68

1

What is the most important abiotic parameter defining species distribution?

Select one of the following:

Temperature
Habitat
Ecological roles
Oxygen levels

Explanation

Question 4 of 68

1

What is the ecological "space" a species fills?

Select one of the following:

Niche
Population
Community
Abiotic parameter
Biotic parameter

Explanation

Question 5 of 68

1

Select all the phyla that belong in the animal kingdom:

Select one or more of the following:

Porifera
Cnidaria
Platyhelminthes
Nematoda
Mollusca
Annelida
Arthropoda
Echinodermata
Chordata
Pteridophyta

Explanation

Question 6 of 68

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

A ( diploblast, triploblast ) has two germ layers and a ( triploblast, diploblast ) has three germ layers.

Explanation

Question 7 of 68

1

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A deuterostome is ( anus, mouth ) first and a protostome is ( mouth, anus ) first.

Explanation

Question 8 of 68

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A unique characteristic of animals is that all were developed from a , a hollow ball of embryonic cells.

Explanation

Question 9 of 68

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

A unique characteristic of animals is that all have cell adhesion molecules: including and .

Explanation

Question 10 of 68

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

A unique characteristic of animals is all have cell junctions including , , and

Explanation

Question 11 of 68

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A unique characteristic of animals is all have an extracellular matrix containing .

Explanation

Question 12 of 68

1

Label the graphic in terms of fundamental niche and realized niche.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Realized niche

Fundamental niche

Explanation

Question 13 of 68

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

A ( fundamental, realized ) niche includes all acceptable conditions which a species can occupy while a ( realized, fundamental ) niche is a subset of suitable conditions that a species occupies.

Explanation

Question 14 of 68

1

Click on each orange point and select the correct answer.

Pair the animals to their correct type in the survivorship curve.

Explanation

Question 15 of 68

1

What survivorship curve would you expect for sea turtle populations?

Select one of the following:

Type 1
Type 2
Type 3

Explanation

Question 16 of 68

1

Growth is limited by resources.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 17 of 68

1

What is the term for a resource in short supply?

Select one of the following:

Limited resource
Limited factor
Carrying capacity
Niche

Explanation

Question 18 of 68

1

What is the term for the largest population that an environment can support?

Select one of the following:

Carry capacity
Complete niche
Maximum capacity
Exponential growth

Explanation

Question 19 of 68

1

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At carrying capacity, birth rates are ( equal to, greater than, less than ) death rates.

Explanation

Question 20 of 68

1

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Populations ( fluctuate, flourish, diminish ) around carrying capacity.

Explanation

Question 21 of 68

1

A density-independent effect impact is proportional to number of individuals in an area.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 22 of 68

1

Select all the CORRECT statements about competition:

Select one or more of the following:

Competition reduces the fitness of BOTH parties.
Competition occurs when resources are limited.
Competition can be intraspecific or interspecific.
Competition is a density-independent effect.

Explanation

Question 23 of 68

1

Populations of predator and prey tend to oscillate when a predator relies on a single prey species

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 24 of 68

1

What does this image depict?

Select one of the following:

Resource partitioning
Limited resources
Realized niches
Interspecies competition

Explanation

Question 25 of 68

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

is determined by a series of "decisions" made in early development that become the programmed identity of cells with a point of no return.

Explanation

Question 26 of 68

1

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is the first cell divisions where zygotic contents partition among smaller cells.

Explanation

Question 27 of 68

1

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is the formation of gut and other germ layer(s) in addition to ectoderm.

Explanation

Question 28 of 68

1

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is the development of organismal form and/or shape.

Explanation

Question 29 of 68

1

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A zygote subdivides into smaller cells called .

Explanation

Question 30 of 68

1

Cell fates are closely linked to germ layers.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 31 of 68

1

Name the type of cleavage shown:

Drag the answer into the correct orange point.

Meroblastic

Holoblastic

Explanation

Question 32 of 68

1

Name the type of cleavage shown:

Drag the answer into the correct orange point.

Meroblastic

Holoblastic

Explanation

Question 33 of 68

1

Gradients of morphogens can be established in what ways?

Select one or more of the following:

Unequal distribution in the zygote.
Production of morphogens from specific cells.
Inheriting of morphogens from parent cell.
Equal distribution in the zygote.

Explanation

Question 34 of 68

1

Early development requires two processes:

Select one or more of the following:

Pattern formation
Differentiation
Development of mitochondria
Mitosis

Explanation

Question 35 of 68

1

Which statement best describes competitive relationship:

Select one of the following:

Two species of birds that live harmoneously in the same oak tree.
A north Georgia bobcat and a cougar population that both prey on cottontail rabbits.
A nematode that infects a white-footed mouse by tropic transmission.
A barnacle that resides on the underbelly of a whale shark.

Explanation

Question 36 of 68

1

Which statement best describes a parasitic relationship:

Select one of the following:

A white-footed mouse infected by a nematode through tropic transmission.
Two species of birds that reside in the same oak tree.
A Central American squirrel monkey that eats bananas and ants and a Geoffroy's spider monkey that eats starfruit and flies in the same Costa Rican rainforest region.
Two species of tropical fish that live in different locations in the same coral reef.

Explanation

Question 37 of 68

1

Which is an example of an amensalism relationship:

Select one of the following:

A black walnut tree secreting the chemical, juglone, killing all it's neighboring plants.
Two species of birds harmoniously living at different level branches in the same oak tree.
Two species of lizards eating the same type of fly in a local coastal marsh.
A swamp rabbit and a marsh rabbit inhabiting different regions in Georgia.

Explanation

Question 38 of 68

1

Select the example of mutualistic relationship:

Select one of the following:

Two species of birds harmoniously living on different branch levels of the same oak tree.
A population of Northwestern salmon with more males than females during breeding season.
The bread mold Penicillium secreting penicillin to that chemical kills bacteria.
A nematode that infects the white-footed mouse by trophic transmission.

Explanation

Question 39 of 68

1

Select the example of a commensalistic relationship:

Select one of the following:

A clownfish that live amid the tentacles of the anemones which protects them from predators.
Two species of birds that live harmoniously on different level branches of the same oak tree.
A nematode that infects the white-footed mouse via trophic transmission.
A marsh rabbit and a swamp rabbit that migrated to different wetland regions in Georgia.

Explanation

Question 40 of 68

1

Theories exist that explain the method in which multicellularity arose in animals. Which theory has the most evidentiary support in the scientific community?

Select one of the following:

Symbiotic relationship between protist species.
Ancestral colonial protist
Cellularization: multinucleate protist ancestor evolves membranes around nuclei.
All have equal support in the scientific community.

Explanation

Question 41 of 68

1

According to this phylogenetic tree, annelids are most closely related to _____.

Select one of the following:

arthropods
molluscs
nematodes
cnidarians
platyhelminths

Explanation

Question 42 of 68

1

According to this phylogenetic tree, the clade that includes echinoderms and chordates is most closely related to the clade that includes _____.

Select one of the following:

molluscs
poriferans
nematodes
cnidarians
platyhelminths

Explanation

Question 43 of 68

1

According to this phylogenetic tree, cnidarians are most closely related to _____.

Select one of the following:

nematodes
annelids
molluscs
echinoderms
platyhelminths

Explanation

Question 44 of 68

1

According to this phylogenetic tree, chordates are most closely related to _____.

Select one of the following:

arthropods
molluscs
pariferans
echinoderms
cnidarians

Explanation

Question 45 of 68

1

This phylogenetic tree indicates that mammals are most closely related to _____.

Select one of the following:

sharks, rays, and chimaeras
ray-finned fishes
tunicates
reptiles
amphibians

Explanation

Question 46 of 68

1

According to this phylogenetic tree, the animals most closely related to reptiles and mammals are _____.

Select one of the following:

sharks, rays, and chimaeras
amphibians
lampreys
ray-finned fishes
lancelets

Explanation

Question 47 of 68

1

The group in the red box is

Select one of the following:

monophyletic
polyphyletic
paraphyletic

Explanation

Question 48 of 68

1

The group in the red box is

Select one of the following:

monophyletic
polyphyletic
paraphyletic

Explanation

Question 49 of 68

1

The group in the red box is

Select one of the following:

monophyletic
paraphyletic
polyphyletic

Explanation

Question 50 of 68

1

Accurate taxonomy is based on

Select one of the following:

monophyly
paraphyly
polyphyly
a combination of monophyly, paraphyly, and polyphyly.

Explanation

Question 51 of 68

1

Select all the scenarios that are considered density-independant:

Select one or more of the following:

A coastal region experiencing a flood from heavy spring rains
A costa rican population of spider monkeys experiencing a food shortage for the first time in a decade
A wildfire that is destroyed 100 acres of Redwood forest in California.
A population of gray squirrels experiencing an increase in predation by the red fox population.
A local farm introducing a new pesticide to corn that targets the short-horned grasshopper.
A town in New Hampshire whose landfills will be at max capacity in less than one year.
A population of coyotes that is experiencing an increased occurrence of mange.
Several countries in South America lost 10% of their population due to experiencing a 8.5 magnitude earthquake.

Explanation

Question 52 of 68

1

Select all the scenarios that are density-dependent:

Select one or more of the following:

A category 5 hurricane caused an atlantic coastal town to lose 10% of their population.
A wildfire swept through 10 western US farming counties and killed thousands of acres of crops.
A population of gray squirrels is experiencing a shortage of food for the first time in a decade.
A population of cottontail rabbits is experiencing an increase in predation by a population of red fox.
A town in Vermont is experiencing an influx and overflow in their local sewer system.
A population of white-tailed deer is experiencing an influx in lyme disease.
A population of Northwestern African cheetah has in influx in male cheetahs to female cheetahs during mating season, causing the males to compete for mates.
A local farm is introducing a new pesticide to their corn to target the short-horned grasshopper.
A 8.5 magnitude earthquake destroyed the water supply and killed 500 people across 3 South American countries.

Explanation

Question 53 of 68

1

What states that two species that compete for the exact same resources cannot stably coexist?

Select one of the following:

The Principle of Competitive Exclusion
The Theory of Multicellularity
The Principle of Resource Partitioning
The Theory of Evolution

Explanation

Question 54 of 68

1

All of the following factors led to exponential human population growth about a thousand years ago EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

Reduction in disease
Reduction in human waste
increase in food supply
colder climate
expansion of habitat

Explanation

Question 55 of 68

1

All cells in the human body are genomically equal except for sex cells.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 56 of 68

1

This image depicts a morphogen gradient that is equally distributed.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 57 of 68

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

In conditional specification, cells secrete ( morphogens, gradients, genes, mesoderm, cytoplasm ) to influence nearby cells to differentiate.

Explanation

Question 58 of 68

1

Select all the correct statements about mosaic cleavage:

Select one or more of the following:

patterns arise from cytoplasmic specification
heavily influenced by maternal effect gene products in the egg.
protostomes
deuterstomes
cell fate is fixed after first division
cell fate is NOT fixed after first division
cells "regulate" development of nearby undifferentiated cells by producing morphogens
patterns arise from induction

Explanation

Question 59 of 68

1

Select all the correct statements about regulative cleavage:

Select one or more of the following:

patterns arise from cytoplasmic specification
cell fate fixed after first division
heavily influenced by maternal effect gene products in the egg
protostomes
deuterstomes
cell fate is NOT fixed after first division
cells "regulate" development of nearby cells by producing morphogens
patterns arise from induction

Explanation

Question 60 of 68

1

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( Cytoplasmic specification, Induction ) is when blastomeres inherit different amounts of various morphogens during initial stages of zygote division.

Explanation

Question 61 of 68

1

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( Induction, Cytoplasmic specification ) is when morphogen concentrations drop as distance from source cells increases.

Explanation

Question 62 of 68

1

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( Pattern formation, Differentiation ) is where body regions and cell types will be formed.

Explanation

Question 63 of 68

1

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( Differentiation, Pattern formation ) is what type of cell will develop.

Explanation

Question 64 of 68

1

Gradients of morphogens identify major axes. The primary development axes are:

Select one or more of the following:

Anterior-posterior
Dorsal-ventral
Superficial-Deep
Distal-Medial

Explanation

Question 65 of 68

1

Primary morphogen gradients set up gradients in other morphogens.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 66 of 68

1

Hox genes...

Select one or more of the following:

code for morphogens that define specific regions in the body.
contain a short sequence that codes for a homeobox domain.
are homeobox domains.
are morphogens.
are highly conserved genes.
are arranged in gene clusters.
are arranged in a radial formation.
explain consistency of early development among diverse animal phyla
explain the inconsistencies of development between animal phyla and plant phyla

Explanation

Question 67 of 68

1

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The order of Hox genes represents where the gene will be expressed along an animal's ( anterior-posterior, dorsal-ventral, superficial-deep, distal-medial ) axis.

	Created by lsmith181 over 8 years ago

Practice Exam for Animal Biology Exam 1: Animal Characteristics, Phylogenetics, Animal Ecology, and Animal Development and Architecture

Animal Biology Practice Exam 1

Question 1 of 68

Ecology is the study of interactions and relationships of organisms with surrounding biotic and abiotic components.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 68

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The levels of ecology from smallest to largest are: < < < <

Explanation

Question 3 of 68

What is the most important abiotic parameter defining species distribution?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 68

What is the ecological "space" a species fills?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 68

Select all the phyla that belong in the animal kingdom:

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 68

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

A diploblast triploblast( diploblast, triploblast ) has two germ layers and a triploblast diploblast( triploblast, diploblast ) has three germ layers.

Explanation

Question 7 of 68

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

A deuterostome is anus mouth( anus, mouth ) first and a protostome is mouth anus( mouth, anus ) first.

Explanation

Question 8 of 68

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A unique characteristic of animals is that all were developed from a , a hollow ball of embryonic cells.

Explanation

Question 9 of 68

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

A unique characteristic of animals is that all have cell adhesion molecules: including and .

Explanation

Question 10 of 68

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

A unique characteristic of animals is all have cell junctions including , , and

Explanation

Question 11 of 68

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

A unique characteristic of animals is all have an extracellular matrix containing .

Explanation

Question 12 of 68

Label the graphic in terms of fundamental niche and realized niche.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 13 of 68

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

A fundamental realized( fundamental, realized ) niche includes all acceptable conditions which a species can occupy while a realized fundamental( realized, fundamental ) niche is a subset of suitable conditions that a species occupies.

Explanation

Question 14 of 68

Click on each orange point and select the correct answer.

Pair the animals to their correct type in the survivorship curve.

Explanation

Question 15 of 68

What survivorship curve would you expect for sea turtle populations?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 68

Growth is limited by resources.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 68

What is the term for a resource in short supply?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 68

What is the term for the largest population that an environment can support?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 68

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

At carrying capacity, birth rates are equal to greater than less than( equal to, greater than, less than ) death rates.

Explanation

Question 20 of 68

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

The levels of ecology from smallest to largest are:

< < < <

A ( diploblast, triploblast ) has two germ layers and a ( triploblast, diploblast ) has three germ layers.

A deuterostome is ( anus, mouth ) first and a protostome is ( mouth, anus ) first.

A ( fundamental, realized ) niche includes all acceptable conditions which a species can occupy while a ( realized, fundamental ) niche is a subset of suitable conditions that a species occupies.

At carrying capacity, birth rates are ( equal to, greater than, less than ) death rates.

Populations ( fluctuate, flourish, diminish ) around carrying capacity.