TRANSITION METALS

What is the main characteristics of the transition metals?

When forming ions, what orbital do the transition metals lose electrons from first?

Why isnt Zn2+ a transition metal?

What is a complex?

What is a ligand?

What type of bonding is involved in complex formation?

What is a coordinate bond?

What is the coordination number?

If ligands are ________ they form one coordinate bond each to the central metal ion?

What do we call the ligands if they can each make two coordinate bonds because they each have two atoms with lone pairs?

If a ligand can make multiple coordinate bonds it is _________

NH2CH2CH2NH2 is a ________ ligand

Give another example of a bidentate ligand

Give an example of a multidentate ligand

If there are 3 bidentate ligands attached to a metal ion, what is the coordination number?

What is haem?

A complex with small ligands (H2O, NH3) commonly forms __________ structures

What shape do complexes form with larger complexes such as Cl-?

Cisplatin has a _____ ______ structure

Which ion commonly forms colourless, linear complexes?

Colour changes can arise from changes in what three things?

Write the equation for which [Co(H2O)6]2+ changes its ligand to Cl and also its coordination number. Describe the colour change.

Write an equation and describe the colour change for when [Co(H2O)6]2+ reacts with ammonia. Which, out of the three, is the colour change a result of?

Write the equation for when [Co(NH3)6]2+ (aq) is oxidised. What two things change?

Colour changes arise from _________ _________ from the ground state to excited states between different d orbitals

A portion of _______ ______ is absorbed to promote d electrons to higher energy levels

The light that is not absorbed is _________ to give the substance colour

Ligands cause the 5d orbitals to split into how many energy levels?

What is the equation linking the colour and the freq of light absorbed with the energy difference between the split orbitals?

What colour will a solution appear if it absorbs orange light?

Changing the lignad/coordination number will alter the energy split between the d orbitals, changing ΔE and hence...

Explain why Sc (Sc3+) has no colour.

Explain why Zn2+ and Cu+ have no colour.