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College Environmental Microbiology Quiz on Environment Effect to Microbiology, created by raifedora on 21/01/2014.

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Environment Effect to Microbiology

Question 1 of 21

10

Who is the inventor of The Winogradsky Column?

Select one of the following:

  • Seiger Winogradsky

  • Sergei Winogradsky

Explanation

Question 2 of 21

1

The winogradsky column is as an artificial microbial ecosystem that serve a short term source of bacteria for isolating a pure culture.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 21

1

Mud is supplemented with Calcium Sulphate as a buffer and Calcium Carbonate as a source of Carbon

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 21

1

Air is not prohibited in the Winogradsky column since the anaerobic microorganism could live below the surface where the Oxygen is not available. The column could be packed loosely but should be covered by different source of water.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 5 of 21

1

Agar dilution tubes is a mixed culture diluted in molten agar for purifying anaerobic microorganisms.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 6 of 21

1

General staining method includes all of these, except

Select one or more of the following:

  • DAPI (Diamido Phenylindole)

  • AO (Acridine Orange)

  • SYBR Green II

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 7 of 21

1

DAPI, AO, and SYBR Green stain will be fluorescent under UV, but unable to be used to measure the quantity of microorganism in the sample.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 21

1

Select every true statement below:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Sergei Winogradsky first used the Winogradsky column to identify anaerobes and aerobes.

  • The column was first used in 19th century to study soil microorganisms.

  • The result of the column is shown by a change in color and the existence of colony patches in the soil. The existence of gas could also be detected by a crack in the soil.

  • A direct sunlight is necessary when storing the column.

Explanation

Question 9 of 21

1

Select every true statement below:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Sergei Winogradsky first used the Winogradsky column to identify anaerobes and aerobes.

  • The column was first used in 19th century to study soil microorganisms.

  • The result of the column is shown by a change in color and the existence of colony patches in the soil. The existence of gas could also be detected by a crack in the soil.

  • A direct sunlight is necessary when storing the column.

Explanation

Question 10 of 21

1

In the Winogradsky Column, the up-most layer in the water column is oxic because algae and cyanobacteria produces O2 by photosynthesis. Decomposition process happens in the mud, leading to the production of organic acid, alcoholes, and H2 that provides a good environment for non-sulfate-reducing bacteria. These bacteria then produce H2S, triggering the growth of purple and green bacteria. These bacteria grow in the shape of layers and may bloom due to the lack of oxygen and/or oxygenic phototrophs.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 21

1

Winogradsky columns have been used to enrich only the aerobic prokaryotes since the anaerobic ones are inhibited by anaerobic bacteria. The other purpose of using this columns is to test the hypothesis that an organism in the inoculum is able to degrade the specific compound that supplemented in the column. Using this column as a supply source of inocula for enrichment cultures is impossible.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 21

1

Agar Dilution Tubes method uses a serial dilution in a molten agar to isolate a single colony of aerobic microorganism.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 21

1

MPN (Most Probable Number) technique is used to estimate the number of microorganism in samples that have to be assessed regularly like food, wastewater, etc.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 21

1

Choose the right statement below:

Select one of the following:

  • DAPI fluoresce blue and absorbs optimally at 450 nm

  • AO fluoresce orange or greenish orange and absorbs optimally at 400 nm

  • SYBR Green I fluoresce blue-green and absorbs optimally in 597 nm

  • None of the above

  • Three of the options are right.

Explanation

Question 15 of 21

1

Since DNA Staining such as DAPI and AO is highly specific, the viability of the cells could be assessed and measure the living cells. Thus, this technique is desirable to track species of microorganism in the environment.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 21

1

The basis of differentiating between living and dead cells is whether or not the endoplasmic reticulum is intact. Dyes that fluoresce green and red are used, green for all bacteria, and red only stains dead bacteria. Viability staining like this could instantly give an information about the abundance and viability of microorganism observed.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 21

1

The more specific fluorescent staining possible is by using fluorescent antibodies. This antibody provides a great information about the microorganism observed. However, this technique is rather expensive and time-consuming.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 21

1

The downside of using the Fluorescent Antibodies to stain are

Select one or more of the following:

  • A pure culture is often optional.

  • Preparation of specific antibodies against the microorganism is obligatory.

  • Preparation of specific antibodies is prohibited.

  • A pure culture is obligatory.

  • None of the above.

Explanation

Question 19 of 21

1

gfp gene is able to be used on both oxic and anoxic environment because the need of O2 is optional for GFP protein to fluoresce. That is the reason why gfp method is widely used in many fields to track microorganism and its life cycle.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 21

1

A reporter gene is a gene that able to report an activity of translation.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 21

1

Why does general fluorescent staining method can't provide a sufficient information about the diversity of organisms in nature?

Select one or more of the following:

  • The range of size of the organisms is very wide.

  • it's not possible to determine live and dead cells.

  • The phylogenetic diversity of microorganisms is not revealed.

Explanation

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