Diagnosis of chronic bronchitis

Pathogenesis of obstruction secondary to chronic bronchitis

How are alveolar walls destroyed in emphysema?

Elastase & α1-antitrypsin

Most common early symptom of COPD

What type of emphysema is typically associated with smoking?

What type of emphysema is associated with α1-antitrypsin deficiency

FEV1/FVC ratio in COPD

Increased or decreased in COPD?
1. FEV1
2. TLC
3. RV

To diagnose airway obstruction, patient must have a _______ or ________ TLC with a _________ FEV1.

"Pink puffers" vs. "Blue bloaters"

Which is which?

Expiratory time is _________ in COPD.

GOLD staging of COPD

Vital capacity is _____ in obstructive lung disease and ______ in restrictive.

COPD leads to chronic respiratory _________ with metabolic ________ as a compensation.

At around age ____, FEV1 decreases ___ to ____ mL/yr, in a non-smoker.

How does rate of decline of FEV1 change for a smoker when he/she quits smoking?

Respiratory symptoms should improve within ______ of quitting smoking

Criteria for long-term oxygen therapy in COPD

_________ has more side effects than other bronchodilators and a narrow therapeutic index, but it is occasionally used for refractory COPD

O2 saturation goal during acute COPD exacerbation

3 complications of COPD

T/F: Systemic corticosteroids should be used long-term only for patients with severe COPD.