DNA structure, replication and repair

Question 1 of 15

1

What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Eukaryotic cells have multiple linear chromosomes whereas prokaryotic cells have a singular circular chromosome
Eukaryotic cells contain more genetic information
Eukaryotic cells contain membrane bound organelles
Prokaryotic cells contain no nucleus
Prokaryotic DNA is complexed by histones

Explanation

Question 2 of 15

1

DNA polymerase I is important in the coordination of leading and lagging strand synthesis

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 3 of 15

1

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You receive a nasty sunburn. Your DNA initially attempts to repair this damage through ( Nucleotide Excision Repair, Translesion Synthesis, Photoreactivation, Mismatch Repair ).This initial attempt is unsuccessful but the DNA replication blockage is bypassed by ( Translesion Synthesis, Nucleotide Excision Repair, Photoreactivation, Mismatch Repair ).

Explanation

Question 4 of 15

1

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What DNA repair process is shown here?

Explanation

Question 5 of 15

1

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This diagram shows ( Nucleotide Excision Repair, Base Excision Repair, Mismatch Repair, Recombination, Translesion Synthesis )

Explanation

Question 6 of 15

1

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This diagram shows ( Translesion synthesis, Nucleotide excision repair, Photoreactivation, Base excision repair )

Explanation

Question 7 of 15

1

Label the newly synthesised strand and the template strand in this diagram of mismatch repair.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

New DNA

Template (old) DNA strand

Explanation

Question 8 of 15

1

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( End-joining repair, Mismatch repair ) fixes double stranded breaks and it is an ( inaccurate, accurate ) repair system.

Explanation

Question 9 of 15

1

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Origins of replication are usually ( AT-rich, GC-rich, AU-rich ) because they are joined by only 2 hydrogen bonds (compared to 3 for ( G-C pairs, A-T pairs, A-U pairs )) so it requires ( less, more ) energy to separate the DNA strands for replication to begin.

Explanation

Question 10 of 15

1

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( Single strand binding protein, Primase, Heliscase, DNA polymerase ) binds to unwound DNA during replication to prevent the formation of secondary structure or hairpins (or hold the unwound DNA in a rigid, unpaired structure).

Explanation

Question 11 of 15

1

Label the diagram.

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Lagging strand

Leading strand.

Okazaki Fragments

Parent strand

RNA primer

Explanation

Question 12 of 15

1

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DNA replication is

Explanation

Question 13 of 15

1

What are some differences between base excision repair and mismatch repair.

Select one or more of the following:

Repair different types of base mismatches: replication errors for MR and modified bases eg by deamination for BER
Mismatches are detected differently - MR distinguishes between the parental and newly synthesised strand shortly after DNA replication and corrects the new strand; BER recognises particular incorrect pairs, e.g. those that have arisen by common deamination events and corrects the base that has been deaminated (eg C to U or methylC to T)
MR acts straight after replication while BER acts at any time.
First step involves removal of base only in BER but involves cutting the DNA backbone in MR, or could express this as glycosylase involved (to remove base) in BER but not MR (if you just mentioned the removal of a base, you needed to specify this was in the first step as both processes involve loss of backbone and repair)
Stretch of backbone removed in MR but only 1 nucleotide in BER
The backbone is removed by exonuclease in MR but an endonuclease in BER (like point 4 in similarities, you needed to be fairly specific here.
The backbone is removed by endonuclease in MR but an exonuclease in BER (like point 4 in similarities, you needed to be fairly specific here.

Explanation

Question 14 of 15

1

Label the diagram

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DNA gyrase

Origin

Single-strand binding proteins

DNA helicase

Explanation

Question 15 of 15

1

	Created by Natalina Laria over 8 years ago

Quiz on DNA structure, replication and repair, created by Natalina Laria on 03/06/2016.

DNA structure, replication and repair

Question 1 of 15

What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 15

DNA polymerase I is important in the coordination of leading and lagging strand synthesis

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 15

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 4 of 15

Click on the orange point and select the correct answer.

What DNA repair process is shown here?

Explanation

Question 5 of 15

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

This diagram shows Nucleotide Excision Repair Base Excision Repair Mismatch Repair Recombination Translesion Synthesis( Nucleotide Excision Repair, Base Excision Repair, Mismatch Repair, Recombination, Translesion Synthesis )

Explanation

Question 6 of 15

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This diagram shows Translesion synthesis Nucleotide excision repair Photoreactivation Base excision repair( Translesion synthesis, Nucleotide excision repair, Photoreactivation, Base excision repair )

Explanation

Question 7 of 15

Label the newly synthesised strand and the template strand in this diagram of mismatch repair.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 8 of 15

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End-joining repair Mismatch repair( End-joining repair, Mismatch repair ) fixes double stranded breaks and it is an inaccurate accurate( inaccurate, accurate ) repair system.

Explanation

Question 9 of 15

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Explanation

Question 10 of 15

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Single strand binding protein Primase Heliscase DNA polymerase( Single strand binding protein, Primase, Heliscase, DNA polymerase ) binds to unwound DNA during replication to prevent the formation of secondary structure or hairpins (or hold the unwound DNA in a rigid, unpaired structure).

Explanation

Question 11 of 15

Label the diagram.

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 12 of 15

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

DNA replication is

Explanation

Question 13 of 15

What are some differences between base excision repair and mismatch repair.

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 15

Label the diagram

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 15 of 15

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Histone H1 H2A H2B H3 H4( H1, H2A, H2B, H3, H4 ) binds outside the nucleosome and has a structural role

Explanation

This diagram shows ( Nucleotide Excision Repair, Base Excision Repair, Mismatch Repair, Recombination, Translesion Synthesis )

This diagram shows ( Translesion synthesis, Nucleotide excision repair, Photoreactivation, Base excision repair )

( End-joining repair, Mismatch repair ) fixes double stranded breaks and it is an ( inaccurate, accurate ) repair system.

( Single strand binding protein, Primase, Heliscase, DNA polymerase ) binds to unwound DNA during replication to prevent the formation of secondary structure or hairpins (or hold the unwound DNA in a rigid, unpaired structure).

Histone ( H1, H2A, H2B, H3, H4 ) binds outside the nucleosome and has a structural role