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JJ Ralph
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Feminist Theory of Religion

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JJ Ralph
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Feminist Theory of ReligionReligion is patriarchal andlegitimates female oppressionEvidence of PatriarchyReligious OrganisationsMale dominated despite mostly femaleparticipation. Armstrong (1993) sees women asforbidden to become priests is a clear exampleof marginalisation.Places of WorshipParticipation within or access to certain areas is restrictedfor women. E.g. menstruating women cannot touch theQur'anSacred TextsFeature mostly male godsand figureheads.Written/interpreted by menPresent anti-female stereotypes. E.g. Eve asreason for Eden expulsion.Religious Laws and CustomsWomen have fewer rights. E.g. spousenumbers, divorce, dress codesUnequal treatment such asgenital mutilationCatholic church bans abortionand contraceptionSaadawi (1980): Religion is not the direct cause of female oppression.Patriarchy has influenced and reshaped religions as a result ofmonotheism.Religious Feminism: Woodhead (1980)Patriarchy isn't true forall religionsHijab (Islam): Symbol of liberation,culture and identity to Muslim womenEvangelicals believe men should showrespect to womenCofE has allowed female priests since 1992.EvaluationMarxists believe feminists ignore the role of religion inpropping up capitalismPostMod: traditional Feminism is outdatedDouble click this nodeto edit the textClick and drag this buttonto create a new node