Compared to older babies, younger babies prefer to look a large, bolder checkerboards than checkerboards with many small squares. This is because:
More complex checkerboards overwhelm very young infants
Very young infants cannot resolve the small features in complex patterns
Very young infants are sensitive to the contrast in complex patterns
None of the above
According to Piaget, when do infants demonstrate a full understanding of object permanence?
Once they search and find a fully hidden object
At 12 months of age
When they look more at impossible events
When they can pass invisible displacement tasks
Once they no longer make the A-not-B error
According to the nativist perspective, deliberate training by parents ________ language development
Is unnecessary for
Can actually hinder
Is beneficial to
Is absolutely necessary for
All of the above
Carroll represents the structure of intelligence as:
180 unique intelligence factors organised along three dimensions
A pyramid with a "g" at the top, broad abilities in the second tier, and narrow abilities in the third tier
Eight independent intelligences that are based on distinct sets of processing operations
Three interacting theories: componential, experiential, and contextual
50 independent 'primary mental abilities'
A five-year-old girl sees a handbag being taken from a girl doll and given to a boy doll. When asked if the second doll is a boy or girl she says “a boy”. According to Cognitive Developmental Theory, what does she now understand?
Gender stability
Gender constancy
Gender identity
Gender difference
An infant drops her biscuit from her high chair, just out of reach. She points to the biscuit and cries. According to Baron-Cohen, she is engaging in what type of activity?
Social referencing
Self-recognition
Proto-imperative pointing
Proto-declarative pointing
Emotional contagion
According to Shah and Frith (1983), when asked to find an “embedded figure” (such as a triangle in the pram), people with autism:
Will be poorer at this task than the control group
Will be about the same as this task than the control group
Will be better at this than the control group
Will not be able to do this task
Citing behavioural genetic studies, Judith Rich Harris (1995) challenged socialisation theories of parenting, instead emphasising the role of _________ in child outcomes:
Genes
Shared environment
Unshared environment
Genes and unshared environment
Which of the following statements best describes two to three-year-olds’ understanding of television?
They understand that television is symbolic
They understand the difference between fantasy and reality
They are simply attracted to the light and sound of the television
They understand the motives and consequences of characters in television programmes
They can extract some meaning, but their ability to distinguish between fantasy and reality is weak