SpO2: Use pulse ox on finger, head, or ear. SpO2 should remain >%. SpO2 < % or a decrease of – % indicates a pulmonary disorder.
BP: Systemic or arterial to estimate normal response to exercise. Manual or automatic or indwelling arterial line.
HR and ECG: HR 60 – 100. HR >100. HR <60. <200. too fast to count.
: Minute ventilation and RR, VO2 and VCO2 should be monitored.

ECG Monitoring
Brady: <
Normal: 60 –
Tachy: >
Flutter: >
Fibrillarion: fast to count
Estimating HR: Measure distance between 2 .
Between - boxes: HR is 60-100
Closer than boxes: HR is >
Wider than boxes: HR is <
HR = /# of large boxes between R waves

Arryhtmias
Sinus Tach: Treat with
Sinus Brady: treat with O2 and
: Treat with O2 and consider causes
Vtach with pulses:
Vtach without pulses: , Defibrillate, , Amio,
Asystole – Confirm in 2 leads, start ,
1st degree AV block: interval is >. : Treat with
2nd degree AV block: waves with missing : Treat with
3rd degree AV block: Treat with

: Decreased blood flow to tissue: Depressed waves
: Acute damage to tissue: Elevated segment
: Necrosis of tissue: Significant waves