Th2L02 DNA damage and mutations

What are the 3 forms of induced mutation and what are their main mechanisms of action

What is UV-C (180-290 nm)

What is UV-B (290-320 nm)

What is damage causes by UV irradiation

What is Nitrous acid an example of

What is Alkylating agents an example of

What are Free radicals examples of (strand breaks and base modification)

What are free radicals

What is Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP)

What are the symptoms of Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP)

What are the general characteristics of cancer cells

How many mutations are sufficient to turn healthy somatic cell to a cancerous cell

To the point where DNA polymerase will not recognise mutated strand

How many (%) of human primary tumours test positive for telomerase activity

What kind of point mutations are there (4)

What is a silent mutation

What is a missense (non-synonymous)

What is a nonsense mutation

What are indels (mutations)

What kind of indels exist (2)

loss of 508th codon in CFTR > cystic fibrosis when homozygous is an example of what kind of mutation

Which mutation results in frame shifts resulting in non-native polypeptides which can be catastrophic

What is Huntington's disease an example of

What happens as a result of loss of 32bp in CCR5

What is CCR5

What is cri du chat

What is Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML)

What are the 3 examples of spontaneous mutation

What is replication slippage

What is deamination

What causes human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

What do CD4 T cells do

What do the high mutations rate of HIV genome result in

What do early HIV symptoms resemble

What does Azidothymidine (AZT) do

What is the main issue with Azidothymidine (AZT)

What is the HIV mutation rate

What is the typical mutation rate of a eukaryotic genome

What is reverse transcriptase

What features of reverse transcriptase make it so lethal (2)

What is Acute myeloid leukaemia

What do all forms of AML have in common

Which genes are mutated in AML (3)