Jim Shimoda
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Practice questions for the first week of MNE

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Jim Shimoda
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MNE First Week Practice Quiz

Question 1 of 36

1

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be caused by...

Select one of the following:

  • A lack of 21-Beta-Hydroxylase

  • A lack of 11-alpha-hydroxylase

  • A lack of both

  • A lack of either

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 2 of 36

1

A lack of oxytocin can be caused by

Select one of the following:

  • A problem with the anterior pituitary gland

  • A problem with the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus

  • An excess of vasopressin

  • Grave's disease

Explanation

Question 3 of 36

1

Oxytocin and vasopressin are protected from degradation by

Select one of the following:

  • Antigens

  • Their large size

  • Amidation

  • Disulfide bridges

  • Both amidation and disulfide bridges

  • Amidation and antigens

Explanation

Question 4 of 36

1

A patient presents with moon facies, abdominal striations, a hump behind the neck, and abdominal adipose tissue build up, tests demonstrate high cortisol and high ACTH levels. This patient most likely has:

Select one of the following:

  • Addison's disease

  • Cushing's Syndrome caused by adrenal malfunction

  • Cushing's Syndrome caused by Cushing's disease

  • Wollf-Chaikov disease

Explanation

Question 5 of 36

1

Which of these is the strongest inhibitor of ACTH production?

Select one of the following:

  • High cortisol levels

  • Sleep-wake transition

  • High Growth Hormone levels

  • Hyperthyroidism

Explanation

Question 6 of 36

1

A lack of Tyrosine in the thyroid would cause

Select one of the following:

  • The overproduction of T4

  • The underproduction of T3

  • The overproduction of TBG

  • The underproduction of both T3 and T4

  • The underproduction of both TBG and TSH

Explanation

Question 7 of 36

1

Competitive inhibition of the follicular iodide pump due to excess _____________ can halt the production of ___________

Select one of the following:

  • perchlorate ; thyroid hormones

  • thyroid hormones ; TSH

  • TSH ; thyroid hormones

  • Oxytocin ; Vasopressin

Explanation

Question 8 of 36

1

(Choose the most accurate answer) - Synthesis of Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) occurs....

Select one of the following:

  • In the pituitary gland

  • In the thyroid

  • In the follicular space

  • In the follicular cells

Explanation

Question 9 of 36

1

A patient in the first trimester of pregnancy presents with hyperthyroidism, high Thyroid hormone levels, and low TSH levels. The recommended course of treatment is

Select one of the following:

  • PTU

  • Methimazole

  • Exogenous TSH

  • Radioactive Iodine

Explanation

Question 10 of 36

1

Prenatal iodine deficiency causes

Select one of the following:

  • Cretinism

  • Overproduction of Growth Hormone

  • Grave's disease

  • Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

Explanation

Question 11 of 36

1

________ has a longer half-life in plasma

Select one of the following:

  • T4

  • T3

Explanation

Question 12 of 36

1

Conversion of T4 to T3 occurs in the:

Select one of the following:

  • Thyroid

  • Pituitary gland

  • Peripheral tissues

  • TBG

Explanation

Question 13 of 36

1

Choose the correct relationship between somatostatin and the hormone(s) below:

Select one of the following:

  • Somatostatin inhibits TSH, Promotes GH

  • Somatostatin inhibits both TSH and GH

  • Somatostatin inhibits GH, has no effect on TSH

  • Somatostatin promotes TSH and inhibits GH

  • Somatostatin has no effect on TSH or GH

Explanation

Question 14 of 36

1

Thyroid hormone receptors are:

Select one of the following:

  • Bound to DNA and activated when T3 binds to the receptor

  • In the nucleus, are activated and bind to DNA when T3 binds the receptor

  • On the membrane of cells, act via second messengers

  • Deactivated by HSP90 binding, which is only removed when T3 binds the receptor

  • Only activated by T4, not T3

Explanation

Question 15 of 36

1

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is causes

Select one of the following:

  • Hyperthyroidism

  • Hypothyroidism

Explanation

Question 16 of 36

1

Cerebral osmoreceptors in the __________ respond to changes in the blood osmolality

Select one of the following:

  • Supraoptic nucleus

  • OVLT and SFO

  • Posterior pituitary

  • Anterior pituitary

Explanation

Question 17 of 36

1

Plasma concentration of AVP is a function of....

Select one of the following:

  • ADH concentration

  • Osmotic threshold

  • Oxytocin concentration

  • Urine osmolality and Osmotic Threshold

  • Plasma osmolality and Osmotic Threshold

  • Plasma Osmolality, osmotic threshold, and BP

Explanation

Question 18 of 36

1

Maximum antidiuresis occurs at what concentration of AVP?

Select one of the following:

  • 5 pg/ml

  • 20 pg/ml

  • 5 mg/ml

Explanation

Question 19 of 36

1

At constant plasma osmolality, a decrease in blood pressure leads to

Select one of the following:

  • An increase of AVP concentration

  • An increase of oxytocin concentration

  • A decrease of AVP concentration

  • Both A and B

Explanation

Question 20 of 36

1

AVP functions by

Select one of the following:

  • Increasing the number of Aquaporins in the kidney tubule lumen

  • increasing Protein Kinase A activity in kidney tubule cells

  • Exocytosis of AQP2 containing vesicles in kidney tubule cells

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 21 of 36

1

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is caused by:

Select one of the following:

  • Lack of AVP production in the posterior pituitary

  • Problems with V1a receptors in the CNS

  • Problems with V2 receptors in the kidneys

  • Problems with oxytocin receptors

  • Placental secretion of vasopressinase

Explanation

Question 22 of 36

1

If excess Potassium is detected, ____________ secretion will occur

Select one of the following:

  • Aldosterone

  • Cortisol

  • Growth Hormone

  • Vasopressin

Explanation

Question 23 of 36

1

Steroid receptors work by

Select one of the following:

  • Binding HSP90 and beginning transcription

  • Binding G-proteins that have been released by membrane receptors

  • Releasing HSP90 upon binding a steroid

Explanation

Question 24 of 36

1

What is the major dimerization partner for receptors?

Select one of the following:

  • RAR

  • RXR

  • PPAR

  • GR

Explanation

Question 25 of 36

1

In a Stachard plot, a hormone that binds two different receptors with different affinities makes a _________ line.

Select one of the following:

  • Straight

  • Curved

  • It actually makes two lines

  • Vetical

  • Horizontal

Explanation

Question 26 of 36

1

On a hormone binding curve, a left-shift equals a(n) ___________

Select one of the following:

  • Increase in affinity

  • Decrease in affinity

  • increase in plasma hormone concentration

  • Decrease in plasma hormone concentration

Explanation

Question 27 of 36

1

In the islet of Langerhans

Select one of the following:

  • Beta cells produce glucagon

  • Gamma cells produce insulin

  • Blood flows from the periphery to the center

  • Beta cells are the most numerous

Explanation

Question 28 of 36

1

In the pancreas, endocrine glands secret ___________ and exocrine glands secrete ___________

Select one of the following:

  • directly into an artery ; directly into a vein

  • into a vein ; into the digestive system

  • into the pancreatic duct ; into the venous system

  • into the digestive system ; into the liver

Explanation

Question 29 of 36

1

The cell type(s) of the islet of langerhans that serete Ghrelin are:

Select one of the following:

  • Epsilon and alpha

  • Beta and alpha

  • F cells

  • Beta only

  • epsilon only

Explanation

Question 30 of 36

1

Pancreatic F cells release:

Select one of the following:

  • Insulin

  • Glucagon

  • Somatostatin

  • Pancreatic polypeptide

Explanation

Question 31 of 36

1

Put these steps into the proper order for Insulin excretion

1) Rise in ATP
2) Opening of inflowing calcium channels
3) Entry of Glucose through the GLUT2 channel
4)Opening of Voltage gated K channel
5) Insulin secretion

Select one of the following:

  • 1, 5, 3, 4, 2

  • 3, 1, 5, 2, 4

  • 4, 3, 1, 2, 5

  • 3, 1, 4, 2, 5

Explanation

Question 32 of 36

1

Insulin exocytosis from Beta cells is most similar to which process:

Select one of the following:

  • TBG exocytosis from the thyroid follicle cells

  • Exocrine gland function of pancreas cells

  • Acetylcholine exocytosis in the Neuromuscular junction

  • Posterior pituitary hormone release

Explanation

Question 33 of 36

1

In the presence of high norepinephrine levels, the exocytosis of insulin from Beta cells is

Select one of the following:

  • Increased

  • Inhibited

  • Unaffected

  • Only affected if epinephrine is also present

Explanation

Question 34 of 36

1

How does amylin assist in glycemic regulation

Select one of the following:

  • It doesn't

  • Slows gastric emptying

  • Boosts insulin levels

  • Forms plaques that speed glucose uptake

Explanation

Question 35 of 36

1

How does caffeine effect Beta cell exhaustion

Select one of the following:

  • Dude, caffeine is bad for you. Everyone knows that.

  • Breaks up amyloid plaques, keeping Beta cells functional longer

  • Slows insulin release, regulating Beta cell function

  • Stimulates insulin release, helping relieve type 2 diabetes

  • Stimulates insulin release, helping relieve type 1 diabetes

Explanation

Question 36 of 36

1

Over-release of growth hormone in childhood causes:

Select one of the following:

  • Gigantism

  • Acromegaly

  • TSH release

  • Glucocorticoid release

Explanation

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