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Endocrine System Anatomy PMU 2nd Year

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Endocrine System Anatomy PMU 2nd Year

Question 1 of 52

1

Adenohypophysis derives from the ectoderm of the primary oral cavity

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 2 of 52

1

There are three parts in the adenohypophysis

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 52

1

Lobus pyramidalis is not an obligatory part of the thyroid gland.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 52

1

Acidophilic cells constitute 30-40% of the cell composition of adenohypophysis.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 5 of 52

1

The islets of Langerhans are mostly located in the head of pancreas.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 6 of 52

1

Secretion of Langerhans’ island cells is regulated by the adenohypophysis.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 7 of 52

1

Gonadotropic cells refer to the acidophilic cells of adenohypophysis.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 52

1

Calcitonin and parathormone have antagonistic function.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 52

1

Parafollicular cells have mesoblastic origin.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 52

1

The function of parafollicular cells is regulated from adenohypophysis.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 52

1

The cells of the zona reticularis of the adrenal gland produce aldosterone.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 52

1

The cells of zona glomerulosa in suprarenal gland are functionally related with the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 52

1

Secretory cells in epiphysis are pituicytes.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 52

1

There are two lobes in the thyroid gland.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 15 of 52

1

Iodine is needed for the synthesis of the parafollicular hormone.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 52

1

Melatonin is secreted by the cells of epiphysis.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 52

1

Mitochondria with tubulo-vesicular folds are characteristic for the cells of the gland:

Select one of the following:

  • Cortex of suprarenal gland

  • Medulla of suprarenal gland

  • Thyroid gland

  • Adenohypophysis

Explanation

Question 18 of 52

1

What kind are the capillaries of the hypophysis?

Select one of the following:

  • Non Continuous

  • Fenestrative

  • Continuous

  • All 3 kinds

Explanation

Question 19 of 52

1

The hormones of neurohypophysis are produced from cells located in:

Select one of the following:

  • Neurohypophysis

  • Anterior nucleus of hypothalamus

  • Medial nucleus

  • Infundibulum

Explanation

Question 20 of 52

1

In the chromophilic cells o adenohypophysis are stained with different staining:

Select one of the following:

  • Mitochondria

  • Granules

  • Plasmalema

  • Golgi Apparatus

Explanation

Question 21 of 52

1

For which gland adenohypophysis does not secrete hormones?

Select one of the following:

  • Ovary

  • Mammary gland

  • Parathyroid gland

  • Cortex of suprarenal gland

Explanation

Question 22 of 52

1

Herring bodies are:

Select one of the following:

  • Structure of pituicytes

  • Vesicles with hormone. found in the terminal part of the axon of the neurosecretory cells Dilated Blood Sinuses

  • Granules in chromphilic cells

Explanation

Question 23 of 52

1

In normal function of the thyroid gland, thyrocytes in follicles are:

Select one of the following:

  • Squamous

  • Cuboidal

  • Cylindrical

  • Flattened

Explanation

Question 24 of 52

1

Indicate how the cells of the cortex of suprarenal gland a called:

Select one of the following:

  • Chromaffin

  • Adrenocorticocytes

  • Pituicytes

  • Pinealocytes

Explanation

Question 25 of 52

1

Pituicytes are cells in:

Select one of the following:

  • Neurohypophysis

  • Epiphiss

  • Thyroid gland

  • Adenohypophysis

Explanation

Question 26 of 52

1

The cells of the APUD system are:

Select one of the following:

  • Basophilic

  • Acidophilic

  • Argentophilic

  • Sudanophilic

Explanation

Question 27 of 52

1

Tubulovesicular mitochondria are typical for:

Select one of the following:

  • The cells of the adrenal gland cortex

  • C cells of the thyroid gland

  • Thyrocytes

Explanation

Question 28 of 52

1

The cells of the adrenal gland cortex are:

Select one of the following:

  • Chromaphin

  • Adrenocorticocytes

  • Pinealocytes

Explanation

Question 29 of 52

1

Insulin is produced by:

Select one of the following:

  • A-cells of the Langerhans islets

  • B-cells of the Langerhans isiets

  • pinealocytes

  • adrenocorticocytes

Explanation

Question 30 of 52

1

C cells are in:

Select one of the following:

  • thyroid gland

  • adenohypophysis

  • adrenal gland

Explanation

Question 31 of 52

1

The epithelium of the thyroid follicle in hypofunction is:

Select one of the following:

  • Cuboidal

  • Cylindrical

  • Flatten

Explanation

Question 32 of 52

1

Parafollicular cells of thyroid gland have:

Select one of the following:

  • Ectoblastic origin

  • Mesoblastic origin

  • Endoblastic origin

  • Mesenchymal origin

Explanation

Question 33 of 52

1

For endocrine glands is characteristic:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Pour their secretion into the cavities

  • Rich network of fenestrated capillaries

  • Originate only from the ectoblast

  • Participate in the humoral regulation of vital functions

Explanation

Question 34 of 52

1

For the basophilic cells of the adenohypophysis is characteristic:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Regulate the synthesis and secretion of triiodothyronine and thyroxine

  • Contain granules stained with basic dyes

  • Consist of 50% of all the cells of adenohypophysis

  • Secrete steroid hormones

  • Functionally they are separated to 3 kinds

Explanation

Question 35 of 52

1

For the thyroid gland is characteristic:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Follicles as the main structural unit

  • 2 kinds of secretory cells

  • The function of parafollicular cells is independent from the hormones

  • The hormone of parafollucular cells is tetraiodothyronin.

  • Has endoblastic origin

Explanation

Question 36 of 52

1

For the follicular cells of the thyroid gland-thyrocytes is characteristic:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Synthesize and secrete calcitonin

  • Organized in groups with connective tissue between the follicles

  • They have double secretion

  • They have cuboid shape and oval nuclei

  • They can transform iodide ions to iodine

Explanation

Question 37 of 52

1

For the cortex of the suprarenal gland is characteristic:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Separated to 3 zones

  • Cells with mitochondria with cristae from tubulo-vesicular type and lipid inclusions.

  • Cells of zona glomerulosa form strands reaching the medulla of the gland.

  • Regular for the synthesis and secretion of glucocorticords is the system renin-angiotensin-aldosterone.

  • Cells of zona fasciculata produce a great amount of vitamin C.

Explanation

Question 38 of 52

1

For the medulla of the suprarenal gland is characteristic:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Divide into 3 zones

  • Originates from ectoblast

  • Cells with an affinity to chromium salts and called Chromatin

  • Cells with mitochondria cristae from tubular-vesicular type and lipids

  • Secretes hormones originating from dopamine

Explanation

Question 39 of 52

1

For the cells of the reticular zone of the adrenal gland is characteristic

Select one or more of the following:

  • Peripherally located directly below the capsule

  • Synthesize glycocorticoid hormones

  • Their function is controlled by the adrenocorticotropic hormone

  • Arranged in strands that form a network

  • Have affinity with chromium salts

Explanation

Question 40 of 52

1

For the endocrine part of the pancreas (Islets of Langerhans) is characteristic:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Arranged in the follicles

  • Four types of basic secretory cells

  • The islets are mostly located in the pancreatic head

  • B-Cells are located in the islets

  • Secretion is regulated by hormones of the adenohypophysis

Explanation

Question 41 of 52

1

For cells of the APUD-system is characteristics

Select one or more of the following:

  • Neuroectodermal origin

  • available only in the organs of the digestive system

  • producing polypeptide hormones and biogenic amines

  • depending on the pituitary hormones

  • affinity for silver and chromium salts

Explanation

Question 42 of 52

1

For the epiphysis is characteristic:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Belongs structurally to the hypothalamus

  • There are two different types of secretory cells

  • It is called the pineal gland

  • Released peptide hormones and biogenic amines

  • A gonadotropic action

Explanation

Question 43 of 52

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The system of the hypothalamic-adenohypophysis blood supply is called

Explanation

Question 44 of 52

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

B cells in the endocrine pancreas represent % of the islets of Langerhans and produce the hormone

Explanation

Question 45 of 52

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The secretory cells of the epiphysis are and produce the hormone and

Explanation

Question 46 of 52

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Connect hormones with glands:
A. Aldosterone ( 2, 1, 3, 4, 5 )
B. Melatonin ( 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 )
C. Somatotropin ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )
D. Thyroxin ( 5, 1, 2, 3, 4 )
E. Insulin ( 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 )

1.Adenohypophysis
2.Adrenal Gland
3.lslets of Langerhans
4.Epiphysis
5.Thyroid Gland

Explanation

Question 47 of 52

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Connect hormones with glands
A. Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ), ( 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 ), ( 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 )
B. Mediobasal and tuberal nuclei ( 2, 1, 3, 4, 5 ), ( 5, 1, 2, 3, 4 )

1. Secretion of the antidiuretic hormone
2. Secretion of liberins and statins
3. Connected with neurohypophysis
4.. Secretion of oxytocin
5. Secretion in the capillary network of median eminence

Explanation

Question 48 of 52

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Connect the relevant endocrine glands with embryonal structures from which they are originated
A. Adenohypophysis ( 3, 1, 2, 4 )
B. Epiphysis ( 1, 2, 3, 4 )
C. Adrenal Cortex ( 4, 1, 2, 3 )
D. Parathyroid Gland ( 1, 2, 3, 4 )
E Thyroid Gland ( 2, 1, 3, 4 )

1. Neuroectoderm
2. Endoderm
3. Ectoderm of the oral cavity
4. Mesoderm

Explanation

Question 49 of 52

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

A. Islets of Langerhans ( 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 )
B. Cortex of the adrenal gland ( 2, 1, 3, 4, 5 )
C. Thyroid gland ( 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 )
D. Epiphysis ( 5, 1, 2, 3, 4 )
E. Leydig cells ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )

1. crystalloids of Reinke
2. adrenocortcocytes
3. C-cells
4. B-cells
5. acervulus

Explanation

Question 50 of 52

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Connect each description with the gland:
A. Follicles ( 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 )
B. Chromafin cells ( 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 )
C. Portal Circulation ( 2, 1, 3, 4, 5 )
D. Pinealocytes ( 5, 1, 2, 3, 4 )
E. Bodies of Herring ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )

1. Neurohypophysis
2. Adenohypophysis
3. Medulla of the Adrenal gland
4. Thryoid Gland
5. Epiphysis

Explanation

Question 51 of 52

1

Herring bodies are dilated blood sinusoids

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 52 of 52

1

For the hypophysis is characteristic:

Select one or more of the following:

  • the neuroglial cells of the neurohypophysis are pinealocytes

  • its secretions have general effects on the cells of the entire body

  • the basophilic cells consist of 50% of all the cells of adenohypophysis

  • the acidophilic cells regulate the synthesis and secretion of triiodothyronine and thyroxine

  • the acidophilic cells synthesize and secrete growth hormone and prolactin

Explanation

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