Renal Impairment
The acidic and hypoxic environment of kidneys means that the sickling process can lead to significant damage of the glomeruli
Hyposthenuria, or the inability to concentrate urine, is usually the result and is often exhibited in children by nocturnal enuresis (bed wetting) and it can contribute to dehydration
Extensive damage to glomeruli results in nephropathy which can progress to renal failure; dialysis and transplant are often inevitable
Delayed Growth and maturation
Chronic anemia + high caloric need means delayed physical growth and puberty
However, early interventions with endocrinologist and nutritionist should be considered
Impaired cognition
Possibly caused by "silent" infarcts to the brain tissue
Also related to missed school from hospitalizations and chronic anemia
Annual transcranial doppler (TCD) should be performed between ages 2 and 16 to assess increased risk for stroke
Evaluation should be performed by trained neuropsychologist

	Created by Claire Campbell about 8 years ago

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