Charlotte Joseph
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MCQ on Analysis of Variance

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Charlotte Joseph
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General ANOVA

General ANOVA

Question 1 of 31

1

For an experiment comparing more than two treatment conditions you should use analysis of variance rather than separate t-tests because:

Select one of the following:

  • You are less likely to make a mistake in the computations of ANOVA

  • A test based on variance is more sensitive than a test based on means

  • ANOVA has less risk of a Type I error because several means are compared in one test

  • ANOVA has less risk of a Type II error because several means are compared in one test

Explanation

Question 2 of 31

1

The null hypothesis for an ANOVA states that

Select one of the following:

  • There are no differences between any of the population means

  • At least one of the population means is different from the others

  • All the population means are different from each other

  • None of the other 3 choices are correct

Explanation

Question 3 of 31

1

When the null hypothesis is true for ANOVA, what is the expected value for the F-ratio?

Select one of the following:

  • 0

  • 1.00

  • k-1

  • N-k

Explanation

Question 4 of 31

1

In analysis of variance, the F-ratio is a ratio of:

Select one of the following:

  • Two (or more) sample means

  • Two variances

  • Sample means divided by sample variances

  • None of the other 3 choices are correct

Explanation

Question 5 of 31

1

In an ANOVA, which of the following is most likely to produce a large value for he F-ratio?

Select one of the following:

  • Large mean differences and small sample variances

  • Large mean differences and large sample variances

  • Small mean differences and small sample variances

  • Small mean differences and large sample variances

Explanation

Question 6 of 31

1

For an independent-measures experiment comparing two treatment conditions with a sample of n= 10 in each treatment, the F-ratio would have to have df equal to:

Select one of the following:

  • 18

  • 19

  • 1, 18

  • 1, 19

Explanation

Question 7 of 31

1

A researcher uses analysis of variance to test for mean differences among four treatments with a sample of n=6 in each treatment. The F-ratio for this analysis would have what df values?

Select one of the following:

  • df= 3,5

  • df= 3,15

  • df= 3,20

  • df= 4, 24

Explanation

Question 8 of 31

1

A researcher reports an F-ratio with df= 3,36 for an independent-measures experiment. How many treatment conditions were compared in this experiment?

Select one of the following:

  • 3

  • 4

  • 36

  • 39

Explanation

Question 9 of 31

1

A researcher reports an F-ratio with df= 3,36 for an independent-measures experiment. How many individual subjects participated in the experiment?

Select one of the following:

  • 36

  • 39

  • 40

  • Cannot be determined from the information given

Explanation

Question 10 of 31

1

A factor experiment means that the experimental design includes:

Select one of the following:

  • Two independent variables

  • Two dependent variables

  • An interaction between the independent and the dependent variable

  • Exactly two separate groups of subjects

Explanation

Question 11 of 31

1

In a two-factor analysis of variance a main effect is defined as:

Select one of the following:

  • The mean differences among the levels of one factor

  • The mean differences among all treatment conditions

  • The mean differences between the two factors

  • The difference between the largest treatment mean and the smallest treatment mean

Explanation

Question 12 of 31

1

The results from a 2-way ANOVA show that both main effects are significant. We can conclude:

Select one of the following:

  • That the interaction also must be significant

  • That the interaction cannot be significant

  • There must be an interaction but it may not be statistically significant

  • You can make no conclusions about the significance of the interaction

Explanation

Question 13 of 31

1

Prior to introducing a new cake mix to the public, a food company wishes to determine the combination of baking temperature and baking time that will result in the best tasting cake. In their experiment, cakes made from the new cake mix are baked at 325 degrees F, 350 degrees F, and 400 degrees F for 50 minutes, 60 minutes, 70 minutes and 80 minutes. Taste is rated for each combination of baking temperature and baking time. How many treatments are in the experiment?

Select one of the following:

  • 12

  • 3

  • 4

  • 7

Explanation

Question 14 of 31

1

In two way ANOVA what should you always look at first?

Select one of the following:

  • The significance of factor 1

  • The significance of factor 2

  • The interaction between factors 1 and 2

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 15 of 31

1

To test for an interaction effect the statistic should be:

Select one of the following:

  • One way ANOVA

  • Two way ANOVA

  • Two way chi-squared

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 16 of 31

1

A researcher wants to test the differences between three treatment conditions (cognitive-behavioural therapy, aversion therapy and behavioural therapy) by assigning individuals randomly to one of the three conditions. The researcher would need to perform which of the following tests to analyse the results?

Select one of the following:

  • Repeated measures ANOVA

  • Fisher's exact probability test

  • One-way between groups ANOVA

  • Pearsons r

Explanation

Question 17 of 31

1

THe one way ANOVA is used to test hypothesis concerning:

Select one of the following:

  • Means tests

  • Standard deviation

  • Mean squares

  • Variance

Explanation

Question 18 of 31

1

ANOVA assumes that the data to be analysed:

Select one of the following:

  • Has a normal distribution

  • That the data is interval

  • The variances in the groups are similar

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 19 of 31

1

One way ANOVA should be used when:

Select one of the following:

  • We want to compare the means of 1 variable from 2 groups

  • We want to compare the means of 2 variables within 2 groups

  • We want to compare 1 variable from more than 2 groups

  • None of these options are correction

Explanation

Question 20 of 31

1

Which of the following is incorrect in relation to ANOVA:

Select one of the following:

  • ANOVA is relatively robust to small numbers of participants

  • ANOVA is relatively robust to unequal numbers of scores in different conditions

  • ANOVA relatively robust to skewed data

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 21 of 31

1

ANOVA evaluates how likely it is that any differences in conditions is due to:

Select one of the following:

  • Sampling

  • Homogeneity of variance

  • Normal distributions

  • The IV

Explanation

Question 22 of 31

1

ANOVA evaluates how likely it is that any differences in conditions is due to:

Select one of the following:

  • Sampling

  • Homogeneity of variance

  • Normal distributions

  • The IV

Explanation

Question 23 of 31

1

In a study which investigates the differences in contents among 3 different brands of cigarettes an ANOVA was performed which yielded a small p value. Which of the following is correct:

Select one of the following:

  • Because the p value is small there is evidence that all the brands differ from each other in the mean amount of tar present.

  • Because the p value is small, there is no evidence than any of the brands differ in the mean tar content from the other brands.

  • Because the p value us small, there is evidence that at least one brand has a different mean tar content from the other brands.

  • Because the p value is small, there is evidence that all brands have the same men tar content.

Explanation

Question 24 of 31

1

A large F ratio means:

Select one of the following:

  • more likelihood the variance is causes by the IV

  • Less likelihood the variance is caused by the IV

  • The sample size used was small

  • The error variance was larger than the IV variance

  • B and D

Explanation

Question 25 of 31

1

For ANOVA the null hypothesis states:

Select one of the following:

  • For the individuals in the sample there is no consistent difference between treatments

  • For the individuals in the population there is no consistent difference between the treatments

  • For the individuals in the sample there is a consistent difference between the treatments

  • For the individuals in the sample there is a consistent difference between treatments

Explanation

Question 26 of 31

1

If the null hypothesis is true you expect:

Select one of the following:

  • F to have a value closer to 1

  • F to have a value closer to 0

  • p to have a value > .05

  • p to have a value < .05

Explanation

Question 27 of 31

1

The degrees of freedom for the F test in a one way ANOVA are:

Select one of the following:

  • (n-c) and (c-1)

  • (c-1) and (n-c)

  • (c-n) and (n-1)

  • (n-1) and (c-n)

Explanation

Question 28 of 31

1

In a one way ANOVA:

Select one of the following:

  • An interaction is present

  • An interaction can be tested

  • There is no interaction

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 29 of 31

1

When carrying out an analysis, if the variance due to the IV is greater than the error variance, what does this mean?

Select one of the following:

  • An error in calculation was made

  • There should have been additional controls in the experiment

  • That there is a consistent difference between treatments

  • That there is no consistent difference between treatments

Explanation

Question 30 of 31

1

What do we call the overall effect of an IV on a DV:

Select one of the following:

  • Main effect

  • Indirect effect

  • Interaction effect

  • Direct effect

Explanation

Question 31 of 31

1

When the between-groups variance is a lot larger than the within-groups varience, the F-value is _____ and the likelihood of such a result occurring by sampling error _____.

Select one of the following:

  • Large, decreases

  • Small, decreases

  • Large, increases

  • Small, increases

Explanation

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