Fluids and Electrolytes

What is the primary body fluid?

What is the adult water weight %?

How much weight loss results from 10% body fluid loss?

How much weight loss results from 20% body fluid lost?

What is the average amount of fluid gained and lost every day?

What is the minimum output per hour necessary to maintain renal function?

Examples of fluid intake?

Examples of Output?

Osmolarity

Posterior pituitary

Normal Serum osmolarity?

What increases the osmotic pressure?

Hypothalamus

Renal Regulation

Renin

Angiotensin II

Adrenal Cortex

Aldosterone

Hypertonic

Hypotonic

Isotonic

What are Isotonic imbalances?

Fluid Volume Defecit (FVD)

Causes of FVD

Assessment of FVD

Labs for FVD

Normal Hemoglobin labs

Normal Hematocrit Labs

Normal Blood urea nitrogen labs

Normal Serum creatinine

Fluid Volume Deficit Nursing Diagnosis Examples

FVD interventions

Etiology of FVE

FVE Assessment

Hypernatremia

What would the serum sodium level be for a patient with hypernatremia?

What would the serum osmolality be for a patient with hypernatremia?

Hyponatremia

What would the serum sodium levels be for a patient with hyponatremia?

What would the serum osmolality be for a patient with hyponatremia?

What osmolality imbalance is associated with ADH deficiency and why?

What osmolarity imbalance is associated with an excessive amount of ADH?

What neurological symptom is a risk in both hyponatremia and hyponatremia?

Clinical dehydration

What osmolarity imbalance would be found in dehydration?

What symptoms are common with dehydration?

Electrolytes

Sodium ranges

Potassium Ranges

Calcium Ranges

Magnesium Ranges

Anions

Chloride levels

What is the chief electrolyte in the ECF?

Role of sodium

What regulates sodium levels?

What is the chief electrolyte in the ICF?

Roles of Potassium?

Hypokalemia

What causes hypokalemia?

What are some effects of hypokalemia?

What are some treatments for hypokalemia?

Hyperkalemia

What causes hyperkalemia?

What are signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia?

What are the treatments for hyperkalemia?

What are the normal ranges for calcium?

What is the most abundant electrolyte in the body?

What percentage of total body calcium is present in the teeth and bones?

What are some of the functions of calcium?

What electrolyte does calcium have an inverse reaction with?

What vitamin is needed for Ca absorption?

What are the serum levels for hypocalcemia?

What are the causes of hypocalcemia?

What are the symptoms of hypocalcemia?

What are the treatments for hypocalcemia?

Chovstek Sign

Trousseau's sign

Hypercalcemia Serum Levels

What causes hypercalcemia?

Signs and symptoms

Treatment for Hypercalcemia