The redundancy inherent in speech signal has what results?
(1) Lessens the effect of interfering stimuli (2) Allows listener to compensate for distortions in the signal (3) Reduces impact of individual speaker differences
(1) Lessens the effect of interfering stimuli (2) Allows listener to compensate for distortions in the signal (3) Increases impact of individual speaker differences
(1) Increases the effect of interfering stimuli (2) Allows listener to compensate for distortions in the signal (3) Reduces impact of individual speaker differences
(1) Increases the effect of interfering stimuli (2) Allows listener to compensate for distortions in the signal (3) Increases impact of individual speaker differences
Give an example of research into top-down processing of auditory stimuli and what was found.
Miller and Licklider (1950) recordings of word lists regularly interrupted, words perceived more natural when interrupted by noise, then when interrupted by silence (picket fence effect)
Miller and Licklider (1950) recordings of word lists regularly interrupted, words perceived more natural when interrupted by silence, then when interrupted by noise (picket fence effect)
Miller and Licklider (1950) recordings of sound sequences regularly interrupted, sounds perceived more natural when interrupted by noise, then when interrupted by silence (picket fence effect)
Miller and Licklider (1950) recordings of sound sequences regularly interrupted, sounds perceived more natural when interrupted by silence, then when interrupted by noise (picket fence effect)
Sinewave speech, first investigated by Remez et al (1981) found that when presenting sinewave speech to listeners (a) they reported (b) and however listeners (c) reported (d)
(a) with no instructions (b) hearing beeps, and sci-fi music (c) asked to transcribe strangely synthesised speech (d) were able to do so
(a) with no instructions (b) were able to do so (c) asked to transcribe strangely synthesised speech (d) hearing beeps, and sci-fi music
(a) with no instructions (b) hearing beeps, and sci-fi music (c) asked to transcribe strangely synthesised speech (d) hearing beeps, and sci-fi music
(a) with no instructions (b) were able to do so (c) asked to transcribe strangely synthesised speech (d) were able to do so