kels94
Quiz by , created more than 1 year ago

Chapter 15

91
0
0
kels94
Created by kels94 over 10 years ago
Close

Cardiac System

Question 1 of 230

1

The cardiovascular system is made up of

Select one of the following:

  • heart and blood vessels

  • heart and lungs

  • heart and arteries

  • heart and veins

Explanation

Question 2 of 230

1

Which is the correct graduation of vessels?

Select one of the following:

  • Veins --> venules --> capillaries --> arterioles --> arteries

  • Venules --> veins --> arterioles --> arteries --> capillaries

  • Capilaries --> arterioles --> veins --> arteries --> venules

  • Arteries --> arterioles --> capillaries --> venules --> veins

Explanation

Question 3 of 230

1

Arteries carry blood _____________, while veins carry blood __________________ .

Select one of the following:

  • away from the heart; to the heart

  • to the heart; away from the heart

Explanation

Question 4 of 230

1

Capillaries are the site of

Select one of the following:

  • blood flow

  • nutrient, gas, waste, and electrolyte exchange

  • deoxidization

  • cellular respiration

Explanation

Question 5 of 230

1

The two circuits of the cardiovascular system are

Select one of the following:

  • auxiliary and immediate

  • chambered and closed

  • systemic and pulmonary

  • large and reoccurring

Explanation

Question 6 of 230

1

The pulmonary circuit is on the _________ side

Select one of the following:

  • right

  • left

  • lateral

  • medial

Explanation

Question 7 of 230

1

The systemic circuit is on the ________ side

Select one of the following:

  • left

  • right

  • lateral

  • medial

Explanation

Question 8 of 230

1

The pulmonary circuit pumps blood to

Select one of the following:

  • heart and lungs

  • heart and rest of the body

  • lungs only

  • liver and spleen

Explanation

Question 9 of 230

1

The systemic circuit pumps blood to

Select one of the following:

  • heart and rest of the body

  • heart and lungs

  • brain and carotid artery

  • extremeties

Explanation

Question 10 of 230

1

The base of the heart can be defined as

Select one of the following:

  • the bottom of the heart

  • area where large blood vessels originate

  • the top of the heart

  • the lateral side of the heart

Explanation

Question 11 of 230

1

The base of the heart lies at

Select one of the following:

  • just below the second rib

  • between the 5th and 6th ribs

  • touching the spleen

  • on the stomach

Explanation

Question 12 of 230

1

The apex of the heart can be defined as __________________, and lies ____________.

Select one of the following:

  • the bottom of the heart; between the 5th and 6th ribs

  • the area where large blood vessels originate, just below the 2nd rib

  • the left side of the heart, touching the spleen

  • the posterior portion of the heart, touching vertebrae.

Explanation

Question 13 of 230

1

Deoxygenated blood is being pumped _______

Select one of the following:

  • to the lungs

  • to the heart from the lungs

  • to the brain

  • to extremeties

Explanation

Question 14 of 230

1

Oxygenated blood is pumped _______

Select one of the following:

  • coming back to heart from lungs

  • to the lungs

  • to the brain

  • to extremeties

Explanation

Question 15 of 230

1

The heart is bordered laterally by ________, posteriorly by ____________ ___________, and anteriorly by ___________

Select one of the following:

  • sternum, lungs, vertebral column

  • lungs, vertebral column, sternum

  • vertebral column, sternum, lungs

Explanation

Question 16 of 230

1

The pericardium is the

Select one of the following:

  • main valve in the heart

  • calcium buildup in heart

  • membrane that covers the heart

  • mechanism that causes the heart to beat

Explanation

Question 17 of 230

1

The wall of the heart has ____ layers; they are (from outer to inner):

Select one of the following:

  • 2; endocardium and myocardium

  • 4; pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, and epicardium

  • 3; epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium

  • 3; endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium

Explanation

Question 18 of 230

1

Epicardium is the ________ most layer of the heart wall. It's primary function is to __________

Select one of the following:

  • inner most; increases blood flow

  • middle; filter blood cells

  • outer; reduce friction via serous membranes

Explanation

Question 19 of 230

1

The myocardium is the ______ layer of the heart wall. It is composed of

Select one of the following:

  • outer layer; serous membranes

  • inner layer; epithelial cells

  • middle layer; cardiac muscle tissue

Explanation

Question 20 of 230

1

The myocardium is the ______ layer of the heart wall. It is composed of

Select one of the following:

  • outer layer; serous membranes

  • inner layer; epithelial cells

  • middle layer; cardiac muscle tissue

Explanation

Question 21 of 230

1

The endocardium is the ________ most layer of the heart wall; it is composed of

Select one of the following:

  • inner; epithelial cells, blood vessels, parajunkie fibers

  • middle; muscle tissue

  • outer; serous membranes

Explanation

Question 22 of 230

1

Epithelial cells

Select one of the following:

  • are responsible for electrical impulses spread throughout the heart

  • line the chambers of the heart

  • protect heart from pathogens

  • reduce friction in heart

Explanation

Question 23 of 230

1

Purjunkie fibers are

Select one of the following:

  • how electrical impulse are spread through the heart

  • line the chambers of the heart

  • reduce friction

  • hold the heart together

Explanation

Question 24 of 230

1

The heart is comprised of how many chambers?

Select one of the following:

  • 2

  • 3

  • 4

  • 6

Explanation

Question 25 of 230

1

The upper chambers of the heart are known as the

Select one of the following:

  • Atria (right and left)

  • Auricles (right and left)

  • Ventricles

  • Aorta

Explanation

Question 26 of 230

1

The lower chambers of the heart are known as

Select one of the following:

  • Atria (right and left)

  • Ventricles (right and left)

  • Auricles

  • Aorta

Explanation

Question 27 of 230

1

Atria are responsible for

Select one of the following:

  • forcing blood into corresponding ventricles when they contract

  • pump blood throughout body

  • decrease blood flow

  • slow heart rate

Explanation

Question 28 of 230

1

Ventricles are responsible for

Select one of the following:

  • forcing blood throughout into corresponding atria when they contract

  • pumping blood throughout the entire body

  • separating blood cells

  • clotting

Explanation

Question 29 of 230

1

Auricles are attached to _________ and increase

Select one of the following:

  • atria; blood volume atria can hold

  • ventricles; heart size

  • atrioventricular orifice; blood flow throughout body

Explanation

Question 30 of 230

1

Auricles are attached to _________ and increase

Select one of the following:

  • atria; blood volume atria can hold

  • ventricles; heart size

  • atrioventricular orifice; blood flow throughout body

Explanation

Question 31 of 230

1

Left and right atria are separated by

Select one of the following:

  • Auricles

  • Ventricles

  • Interatrial Septum

  • Atrioventricular Orifice

Explanation

Question 32 of 230

1

Ventricles are separated by

Select one of the following:

  • interatrial septum

  • interventricular septrum

  • atrioventricular orifice

  • AV Valves

Explanation

Question 33 of 230

1

Atria is separated from the ventricles by

Select one of the following:

  • atrioventricular orifice

  • AV valves

  • Auricles

  • interatrial septum

Explanation

Question 34 of 230

1

The muscular walls of the left ventricle are thicker because:

Select one of the following:

  • it holds more blood

  • pumps blood farther than right ventricle

  • more epithelial cells line the left side

  • the left side is smaller

Explanation

Question 35 of 230

1

Valves of the heart are important for

Select one of the following:

  • sorting red blood cells

  • clotting mechanisms

  • preventing "back-wash" from the muscular pumping action

Explanation

Question 36 of 230

1

The tricuspid valve is the AV valve found on the _______ side of the heart

Select one of the following:

  • left

  • right

  • lateral

  • medial

Explanation

Question 37 of 230

1

The tricuspid valve has _____________ ___________ attached to one end of the cusps, while the other end attach to papillary muscles

Select one of the following:

  • blood vessels

  • arteries

  • chordae tendinae

  • mucous membranes

Explanation

Question 38 of 230

1

The tricuspid valve:

Select one of the following:

  • contracts when the right ventricle contracts

  • prevents the tricuspid from swinging into the right atria

  • closure of the right AV valve is passive

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 39 of 230

1

The tricuspid valve:

Select one of the following:

  • contracts when the right ventricle contracts

  • prevents the tricuspid from swinging into the right atria

  • closure of the right AV valve is passive

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 40 of 230

1

The pulmonary valve does not contain

Select one of the following:

  • epithelial cells

  • chordae tindineae

  • blood vessels

  • T cells

Explanation

Question 41 of 230

1

The pulmonary valve

Select one of the following:

  • opens as the right ventricle contracts

  • separates right ventricle from pulmonary trunk

  • closes due to blood backing up on it after the right ventricle stops contracting

  • all the above

Explanation

Question 42 of 230

1

The atrioventricular valve for the left side of the heart is known as the

Select one of the following:

  • mitral (bicuspid valve)

  • pulmonary valve

  • tricuspid valve

  • chordae tendineae

Explanation

Question 43 of 230

1

The mitral valve is responsible for

Select one of the following:

  • separating the left atrium from left ventricle, closes passively, and has papillary muscles and chordae tendinae

  • stops blood flow

  • increasing heart rate

  • all the above

Explanation

Question 44 of 230

1

The contraction of the left ventricle does what?

Select one of the following:

  • stops blood flow

  • pumps blood into aorta through aortic valve

  • squeezes blood into capillaries

  • encourages filtration of blood cells

Explanation

Question 45 of 230

1

The main result of coronary circulation is to

Select one of the following:

  • get blood to the brain

  • supply heart tissue with blood

  • pump blood to extremities

  • provide nutrients to body

Explanation

Question 46 of 230

1

The atria ___________ while the ventricles ____________, and vice versa.

Select one of the following:

  • contract; relax

  • stop; start

  • enlarge; decrease

Explanation

Question 47 of 230

1

The pattern of contraction and relaxation in the heart is known as

Select one of the following:

  • coronary circulation

  • the heart cycle

  • cardiac rhythm

  • beating pattern

Explanation

Question 48 of 230

1

When the atria contract, it is known as _________ __________. When atria relax it is known as ______ ________

Select one of the following:

  • atria diastole; atria systole

  • atria systole; atria diastole

  • atrial enlargement; atrial decreasing

Explanation

Question 49 of 230

1

ventricular contraction is known as ________ ________ ; ventricular relaxation is known as _______ _______

Select one of the following:

  • ventricular systole ; ventricular diastole

  • ventricular diastole; ventricular systole

  • ventricular enlargement ; decreasing ventricle

Explanation

Question 50 of 230

1

During atrial/ventricular systole/diastol cycle, there is a brief _________ period for both ventricles and atria.

Select one of the following:

  • contraction

  • relaxation (diastole)

  • spasm

  • acceleration

Explanation

Question 51 of 230

1

High blood pressure causes the heart to

Select one of the following:

  • beat slower

  • work harder

  • beat faster

  • stop

Explanation

Question 52 of 230

1

During the cardiac cycle, pressure __________ and __________ within the chambers of the heart

Select one of the following:

  • begins and ends

  • rises and falls

  • stops and starts

Explanation

Question 53 of 230

1

Changes in pressure in the heart result in

Select one of the following:

  • decreased blood flow

  • acceleration of heartbeat

  • opening and closing of the valves

  • cardiac arrest

Explanation

Question 54 of 230

1

During diastole, pressure is _______ which allows blood from areas of _____ pressure to come in

Select one of the following:

  • high; lower

  • low; higher

  • pressure does not affect this.

Explanation

Question 55 of 230

1

During systole, pressure is _______ and blood will push valves open and move to _______ areas

Select one of the following:

  • higher; lower

  • lower; higher

  • this does not affect pressure.

Explanation

Question 56 of 230

1

When the ventricles contract, pressure is greater in the _______ than the ________

Select one of the following:

  • arteries; ventricles

  • ventricles; arteries

  • aorta; auricle

  • left chamber; right chamber

Explanation

Question 57 of 230

1

The sound the heart makes is:

Select one of the following:

  • thump

  • pitter patter

  • lubb-dupp

  • click

Explanation

Question 58 of 230

1

The "lubb" sound occurs during __________, which results in the closing of the AV valves

Select one of the following:

  • ventricular diastole

  • ventricular systole

  • atrial diastole

  • atrial systole

Explanation

Question 59 of 230

1

The "dubb" sound of a heartbeat occurs during ___________, which is the result of the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves closing

Select one of the following:

  • ventricular diastole

  • ventricular systole

  • atrial diastole

  • atrial systole

Explanation

Question 60 of 230

1

Heart sounds can indicate problems such as

Select one of the following:

  • cardiac arrest

  • clogged arteries

  • heart murmurs

  • decreased blood flow

Explanation

Question 61 of 230

1

The key parts of the cardiac conduction system are:

Select one of the following:

  • Sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, Atrioventricular (AV) bundle, and Purkinje fibers

  • ventricles and atria

  • atria and auricles

  • blood vessels and heart

Explanation

Question 62 of 230

1

The SA node is known as the

Select one of the following:

  • blood flow regulator

  • filtration center

  • oxygen receptor

  • pacemaker

Explanation

Question 63 of 230

1

The SA reaches __________ _________ on its own

Select one of the following:

  • purkinje fibers

  • AV valve

  • threshold stimulus

  • aortic valve

Explanation

Question 64 of 230

1

The SA node is responsible for

Select one of the following:

  • white blood cell production

  • cardiac tissue development

  • pumping blood

  • rhythmic activity

Explanation

Question 65 of 230

1

SA node causes the _________ to contract almost simultaneously

Select one of the following:

  • ventricles

  • atria

  • auricles

  • AV valve

Explanation

Question 66 of 230

1

The AV node __________ impulse further allowing ________ to completely contract.

Select one of the following:

  • quickens; atria

  • quickens; ventricle

  • slows; atria

  • slows; ventricle

Explanation

Question 67 of 230

1

The AV bundles _________

Select one of the following:

  • branch into left and right AV bundles

  • stop contraction of atria

  • cause blow flow to increase

  • produce rhythm of heartbeat

Explanation

Question 68 of 230

1

Purkinje fibers

Select one of the following:

  • carry impulse very quickly to distant regions of ventricles, so that the ventricles contract as a functional unit

  • stop electrical impulse

  • cause increased heartbeat

  • contract atrial walls

Explanation

Question 69 of 230

1

The correct order for chain of impulse during cardiac conduction system is:

Select one of the following:

  • ventricular syncticum, purkinje fibers, av bundle, av node, sa node

  • purkinje fibers, ventricular syncticum, av valve, sa node, av bundle

  • av bundle, sa node, av valve, ventricular syncticum, purkinje fibers

  • sa node, av node, av bundle, purkinje fibers, ventricular syncticum

Explanation

Question 70 of 230

1

The junctional fibers are _________, therefore _________ electrical impulse.

Select one of the following:

  • wide; increasing

  • wide; slowing

  • narrow; increasing

  • narrow; slowing

Explanation

Question 71 of 230

1

_________ record changes in electrical potential during the cardiac cycle.

Select one of the following:

  • PKG

  • ECG

  • PET scan

  • MRI scan

Explanation

Question 72 of 230

1

Electrocardiograms produce several waves; these are:

Select one of the following:

  • A, B, C, D

  • P, Q, R, S, T

  • 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  • Z, Y, X, W, V

Explanation

Question 73 of 230

1

The ______ waves of an electrocardiogram combine to make up the ______ ________

Select one of the following:

  • QRS; QRS complex

  • 123; 123 complex

  • ZYX; ZYX complex

Explanation

Question 74 of 230

1

Large electrical changes in an electrocardiogram show up as a ________

Select one of the following:

  • inflection

  • deflection

  • spasm

  • murmur

Explanation

Question 75 of 230

1

P wave is a result of

Select one of the following:

  • atrial polarization

  • atrial depolarization

  • atrial repolarization

  • ventricular systole

Explanation

Question 76 of 230

1

The P wave in an ECG leads to

Select one of the following:

  • ventricular systole

  • atrial diastole

  • atrial systole

  • ventricular dyastole

Explanation

Question 77 of 230

1

The QRS complex is a result of

Select one of the following:

  • ventricular polarization

  • ventricular depolarization

  • atrial depolarization

  • atrial systole

Explanation

Question 78 of 230

1

The QRS wave occurs just before

Select one of the following:

  • ventricular contraction

  • ventricular dilation

  • atrial contraction

  • atrial dilation

Explanation

Question 79 of 230

1

Due to the QRS complex, repolarization of the atria is

Select one of the following:

  • quickened

  • obscured

  • impossible

Explanation

Question 80 of 230

1

Repolarization ECG wave begins at

Select one of the following:

  • apex of QRS complex

  • low point of QRS complex

Explanation

Question 81 of 230

1

The _____ wave is a result of ventricular repolarization

Select one of the following:

  • Q

  • R

  • S

  • T

Explanation

Question 82 of 230

1

The T wave takes longer to produce, seeing as

Select one of the following:

  • ventricle walls are shorter

  • ventricle walls are longer

  • ventricle walls are larger

  • ventricle walls are stronger

Explanation

Question 83 of 230

1

Factors that affect the cardiac control system are

Select one of the following:

  • parasympathetic fibers, sympathetic fibers, and barioreceptors

  • blood pressure

  • blood flow

  • blood volume

Explanation

Question 84 of 230

1

vagus nerves are _________ and originate in ______ and terminate in _____

Select one of the following:

  • parasympathetic; SA node; medulla oblongata

  • parasympathetic; medulla oblongata; SA node

  • sympathetic; heart; brain

  • sympathetic; liver; extremities

Explanation

Question 85 of 230

1

Vagus nerves can both increase and decrease _____________ ________ through _____________.

Select one of the following:

  • blood flow; lysosomes

  • clotting factors; calcium

  • heart rate; acetylcholine

Explanation

Question 86 of 230

1

Accelerator nerves are ________, and increase heart rate though _________

Select one of the following:

  • parasympathetic; acetylcholine

  • parasympathetic; norepinephrine

  • sympathetic; acetylcholine

  • sympathetic; norepinephrine

Explanation

Question 87 of 230

1

Barioreceptors are also known as

Select one of the following:

  • calcium receptors

  • plasma receptors

  • stretch receptors

  • rhythm receptors

Explanation

Question 88 of 230

1

Barioreceptors are part of

Select one of the following:

  • cardioinhibitor and cardioaccelerator reflex centers

  • muscle fibers

  • cardiac tissue

  • cardiovascular system

Explanation

Question 89 of 230

1

Baroreceptors arise from

Select one of the following:

  • atria

  • ventricles

  • medulla oblongata

  • SA node

Explanation

Question 90 of 230

1

Baroreceptors are responsible for

Select one of the following:

  • maintaing balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers

  • regulation of blood flow

  • increased heart rate

  • all the above

Explanation

Question 91 of 230

1

The aorta and carotid arteries utilize baroreceptors to

Select one of the following:

  • increase pressure

  • decrease pressure

  • accelerate heart rate

  • decrease heart rate

Explanation

Question 92 of 230

1

Stretch receptors are located in the

Select one of the following:

  • venae cavae

  • aorta

  • atrium

  • ventricles

Explanation

Question 93 of 230

1

Increase in pressure causes increased heart rate and force of contraction because

Select one of the following:

  • the heart is beating very weakly due to blood backup in the venae cavae.

  • the heart is beating strongly due to blood backup in the venae cavae.

Explanation

Question 94 of 230

1

Impulses from the cerebrum or hypothalamus:

Select one of the following:

  • decrease, causing fainting

  • increase, causing anxiety

  • both

Explanation

Question 95 of 230

1

An increase in temperature causes an increase in _________ ______ and vice versa.

Select one of the following:

  • heart rate

  • blood flow

  • oxygen levels

Explanation

Question 96 of 230

1

Baroreceptors also influence ______ changes; such as ______ and ________

Select one of the following:

  • blood cell; red and white

  • ion; sodium and potassium

  • oxygen; deoxygenation and oxygenation

Explanation

Question 97 of 230

1

________ ________ form a closed circuit of tubes carrying blood AWAY from the heart and then back.

Select one of the following:

  • cardiac system

  • blood vessels

  • large capillaries

  • pulmonary system

Explanation

Question 98 of 230

1

Blood vessels include:

Select one of the following:

  • aorta, pulmonary veins

  • arteries, arterioles, metartioles, capillaries, veinules, veins

  • veins and veinules

Explanation

Question 99 of 230

1

Arteries and arterioles (and metarterioles) conduct blood __________ from _______ and lead to ______

Select one of the following:

  • away; capillaries; ventricles

  • away; ventricles; capillaries

  • away; aorta; tricuspid valve

  • away; venules; veins

Explanation

Question 100 of 230

1

The sites of substance exchange between the blood and body cells are

Select one of the following:

  • Venules

  • Veins

  • Arteries

  • Capillaries

Explanation

Question 101 of 230

1

Venules and veins return blood from ________ to _______

Select one of the following:

  • atria; capillaries

  • capillaries; atria

  • blood vessels; capillaries

  • capillaries; blood vessels

Explanation

Question 102 of 230

1

The portion of the arteriole that leads to capillary beds is known as

Select one of the following:

  • metarterioles

  • capillaries

  • veins

  • venule

Explanation

Question 103 of 230

1

Capillaries are the _____ diameter blood vessel

Select one of the following:

  • smallest

  • largest

Explanation

Question 104 of 230

1

Cappillaries are responsible for connecting ________ to _________

Select one of the following:

  • veins ; venules

  • arterioles ; veins

  • arterioles; venules

  • veins; arterioles

Explanation

Question 105 of 230

1

Structurally speaking, capillaries are extensions of the ________ of arterioles

Select one of the following:

  • veins

  • endothelium

  • arteries

Explanation

Question 106 of 230

1

________ in capillary walls permits for capillary permeability

Select one of the following:

  • holes

  • slits

  • valves

  • depressions

Explanation

Question 107 of 230

1

The "slits" in the capillaries are where cells

Select one of the following:

  • build up

  • overlap

  • are not present

  • die

Explanation

Question 108 of 230

1

Capillary permeability is conducive to ________. Muscle tissues have ____ capillary openings, while liver and red bone marrow have _________ capillary openings

Select one of the following:

  • size of organ; large; small

  • size of organ; small; large

  • function; large; small

  • function; small; large

Explanation

Question 109 of 230

1

Why are slits in muscle tissue capillaries smaller?

Select one of the following:

  • muscle tissue needs oxygen

  • muscle tissue needs less nutrients

  • muscle tissue does not need as much aid from capillaries as other organs do

Explanation

Question 110 of 230

1

Arteries are

Select one of the following:

  • weak; break easily

  • weak; yet elastic

  • strong; yet break easily

  • strong; elastic

Explanation

Question 111 of 230

1

Arteries contain ____ layers:

Select one of the following:

  • 1

  • 2

  • 3

  • 4

Explanation

Question 112 of 230

1

The three layers of the artery from outermost to innermost are:

Select one of the following:

  • Tunica media, tunica interna, tunica externa

  • Tunica intera, tunica externa, tunica media

  • Tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intera

Explanation

Question 113 of 230

1

The tunica interna contains

Select one of the following:

  • platelets

  • calcium deposits

  • phagocytes

  • endothelium

Explanation

Question 114 of 230

1

The tunica media contains ________ and which ____________/_________ blood vessels

Select one of the following:

  • elastic connective tissue; dilates; constricts

  • smooth muscle; constricts; dilates

  • plasmids; dilates; constricts

Explanation

Question 115 of 230

1

Collagenous fibers are found in the ______ _____ layer of the artery, these allow for added _______

Select one of the following:

  • tunica interna; strength

  • tunica externa; elasticity

  • tunica media; elasticity

  • tunica media; strength

Explanation

Question 116 of 230

1

The tunica externa contains _____ __ and houses ____ ______

Select one of the following:

  • smooth muscle; vasa vasorum

  • connective tissue; blood cells

  • connective tissue; vasa vasorum

  • elastic connective tissue; vasa vasorum

Explanation

Question 117 of 230

1

The _________ __________, located in the tunica externa region of the artery, are small blood vessels that nourish smooth muscle layers of fibers.

Select one of the following:

  • vasa vasorum

  • connective tissue

  • endothelial tissue

  • collagenous fibers

Explanation

Question 118 of 230

1

The function of _________ in artery walls is so that blood can have a smooth surface to flow through, cutting down damage to blood cells.

Select one of the following:

  • elastic connective tissue

  • endothelium

  • connective tissue

  • vasa vasorum

Explanation

Question 119 of 230

1

Endothelium in arteries secrete chemicals to inhibit

Select one of the following:

  • blood flow

  • clotting

  • platelet coagulation

Explanation

Question 120 of 230

1

Endothelium in arteries uses _______ ______ to cause dilation/constriction of blood vessels

Select one of the following:

  • blood flow

  • nitrous oxide

  • sulfur phosphate

Explanation

Question 121 of 230

1

Smooth muscles of arteries and arterioles are innervated by sympathetic motor fibers, known as:

Select one of the following:

  • parasympathetic fibers

  • sympathetic fibers

  • vasomotor fibers

  • elastic fibers

Explanation

Question 122 of 230

1

Vasomotor fibers stimulate contraction of smooth muscle fibers in arterial walls. This is known as

Select one of the following:

  • smooth muscle constriction

  • smooth muscle contraction

  • vasoconstriction

  • vasocontraction

Explanation

Question 123 of 230

1

When impulse of vasomotor fibers is interrupted, it causes relaxation of muscles, known as

Select one of the following:

  • vasoconstriction

  • vasocontraction

  • vasodilatation

Explanation

Question 124 of 230

1

Vasoconstriction and vasodilation have opposing effects on

Select one of the following:

  • blood flow

  • blood pressure

  • heart rate

Explanation

Question 125 of 230

1

Exchange in the capillaries occurs via

Select one of the following:

  • diffusion

  • osmosis

  • filtration

  • all the above

Explanation

Question 126 of 230

1

Capillaries use __________ as the primary mode of exchange

Select one of the following:

  • diffusion

  • osmosis

  • filtration

Explanation

Question 127 of 230

1

In capillaries, if a molecule is lipid soluble it diffuses through ______ ________. If the molecule is water soluble, it goes through __________ _________.

Select one of the following:

  • capillary slits; cell membrane.

  • cell membrane; capillary slits.

  • both diffuse through cell membrane

  • both diffuse through capillary slits

Explanation

Question 128 of 230

1

Plasma proteins tend to not leave the capillaries, resulting in:

Select one of the following:

  • hydrostatic pressure

  • increased blood flow

  • colloid osmotic pressure

  • decreased blood flow

Explanation

Question 129 of 230

1

Colloid osmotic pressure is responsible for

Select one of the following:

  • blood pressure

  • drawing water in

  • increased blood flow

Explanation

Question 130 of 230

1

Hydrostatic pressure results in the filtration of ______ molecules (like water)

Select one of the following:

  • small

  • large

  • heavy

  • rigid

Explanation

Question 131 of 230

1

Blood pressure __________ the ______ _________ ____ the heart you get

Select one of the following:

  • increases; further away from

  • decreases; further away from

Explanation

Question 132 of 230

1

Veins tend to follow a path _____ to arteries

Select one of the following:

  • vertical

  • parallel

  • there is no set path

Explanation

Question 133 of 230

1

While veins are similar to arteries, the major difference between the two is that:

Select one of the following:

  • veins are larger

  • veins have valves, that prevent back flow of blood

  • veins hold less blood

  • all the above

Explanation

Question 134 of 230

1

Veins do not have the _______ that arteries do; there is approximately ____ % blood pressure acting on veins

Select one of the following:

  • strength; 10%

  • elasticity; 0%

  • rigidity; 20%

  • volume; 100%

Explanation

Question 135 of 230

1

The primary source of moving blood from veins is

Select one of the following:

  • skeletal muscle contractions

  • smooth muscle contractions

  • dilated vessels

  • increased oxygen

Explanation

Question 136 of 230

1

___________ can be used as blood reservoirs by contracting due to sympathetic muscles in their lining causing them to maintain blood pressure and volume by increasing the amount of blood being returned to the heart.

Select one of the following:

  • Arteries

  • Capillaries

  • Venules

  • Veins

Explanation

Question 137 of 230

1

The force exerted by the blood on walls of the blood vessels is known as

Select one of the following:

  • Blood pressure

  • constriction

  • dilation

  • vasodilation

Explanation

Question 138 of 230

1

Blood pressure refers to the pressure in

Select one of the following:

  • veins

  • venules

  • capillaries

  • systemic arteries

Explanation

Question 139 of 230

1

Systolic blood pressure is during

Select one of the following:

  • atrial systole

  • atrial diastole

  • ventricular systole

  • ventricular diastole

Explanation

Question 140 of 230

1

Diastolic blood pressure occurs during

Select one of the following:

  • atrial systole

  • atrial diastole

  • ventricular systole

  • ventricular diastole

Explanation

Question 141 of 230

1

Blood vessels expand and recoil, resulting in

Select one of the following:

  • heartbeat

  • increased blood flow

  • decreased blood flow

  • pulse

Explanation

Question 142 of 230

1

The first beat you hear when taking blood pressure is the ________ blood pressure; the last beat you hear is the _________ blood pressure.

Select one of the following:

  • diastolic; systolic

  • high; low

  • systolic; diastolic

  • low; high

Explanation

Question 143 of 230

1

The factor(s) that affect blood pressure are

Select one of the following:

  • heart action (stroke volume and rate)

  • blood volume

  • resistance to flow

  • blood viscosity

  • all the above

Explanation

Question 144 of 230

1

_____________ ___________ determines blood volume entering arterial system

Select one of the following:

  • Blood pressure

  • Ventricular contraction

  • heart rate

  • oxygen levels

Explanation

Question 145 of 230

1

If cardiac output increases, then ________ ______ increases and vice versa

Select one of the following:

  • blood pressure

  • blood flow

  • heart rate

  • energy levels

Explanation

Question 146 of 230

1

The ___________ ________ is equal to the sum of all formed elements and plasma volume in vascular system (about 8%)

Select one of the following:

  • blood pressure

  • red blood cell count

  • white blood cell count

  • blood volume

Explanation

Question 147 of 230

1

Blood pressure is directly proportional to

Select one of the following:

  • red blood cell count

  • oxygen levels

  • heart rate

  • blood volume

Explanation

Question 148 of 230

1

How easily the molecules in a fluid flow past one another is known as the

Select one of the following:

  • texture

  • formula

  • viscosity

Explanation

Question 149 of 230

1

__________ _______ and __________ ________ increase viscosity

Select one of the following:

  • red blood cells and white blood cells

  • oxygen levels and iron levels

  • blood cells and plasma proteins

  • heart rate and calcium levels

Explanation

Question 150 of 230

1

__________ ________ rises with an increase in viscosity; Normal blood has a ________ viscosity

Select one of the following:

  • heart rate; thin

  • blood levels; normal

  • blood pressure; normal

  • blood levels; thick

Explanation

Question 151 of 230

1

_________ ____________ is the friction between the blood vessel wall and the blood

Select one of the following:

  • blood friction

  • peripheral resistance

  • blood pressure

  • hemaglobic friction

Explanation

Question 152 of 230

1

Anything that alters peripheral resistance also affects _______ ______________

Select one of the following:

  • blood levels

  • blood pressure

  • heart rate

  • blood flow

Explanation

Question 153 of 230

1

BP= ________ ________ x ___________ ___________

Select one of the following:

  • blood levels; blood flow

  • cell count; heart rate

  • blood levels; heart rate

  • cardiac output; peripheral resistance

Explanation

Question 154 of 230

1

_________ __________ is the difference between end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume

Select one of the following:

  • cardiac output

  • blood pressure

  • blood flow

  • stroke volume

Explanation

Question 155 of 230

1

Factors that affect stroke volume are:

Select one of the following:

  • Mechanical

  • Neural

  • Chemical

  • All the above

  • None of these

Explanation

Question 156 of 230

1

The amount of blood that gets back into the ventricles is known as

Select one of the following:

  • ventricle blood return

  • venous return

  • blood back flow

  • veinous backflow

Explanation

Question 157 of 230

1

Normally, only about ______% of EDV is pumped out in a single contraction

Select one of the following:

  • 20%

  • 30%

  • 60%

  • 75%

Explanation

Question 158 of 230

1

____________ stimulation can increase the strength of ventricular contraction and increase stroke volume

Select one of the following:

  • parasympathetic

  • sympathetic

  • cardiac

  • pulse

Explanation

Question 159 of 230

1

The stretching of the myocardial fibers in the ventricles is known as

Select one of the following:

  • preload

  • mechanical stretching

  • cardiac pulling

  • cardostretch

Explanation

Question 160 of 230

1

A higher EDV will result in a greater _______

Select one of the following:

  • stroke volume

  • cardiac output

  • blood flow

  • preload

Explanation

Question 161 of 230

1

The increase in venous return, resulting in the increase in preload, resulting in the increase in cardiac output helps ensure that

Select one of the following:

  • blood circulates quickly

  • the blood leaving the heart equals the blood entering the heart

  • blood still flows to the head

Explanation

Question 162 of 230

1

The amount of blood left in the ventricles after contraction depends on

Select one of the following:

  • preload

  • contractility

  • afterload

  • all the above

Explanation

Question 163 of 230

1

_____________ is the amount of force for a contraction at a given preload

Select one of the following:

  • cardiac output

  • EDV

  • ESV

  • contractility

Explanation

Question 164 of 230

1

Contractility is influenced by ____________ stimulation and ________

Select one of the following:

  • parasympathetic; hormones

  • sympathetic; hormones

  • ESV; chemicals

Explanation

Question 165 of 230

1

The amount of force needed to open semilunar valves to eject blood is known as

Select one of the following:

  • preload

  • contractility

  • afterload

  • ESV

Explanation

Question 166 of 230

1

Afterload is increased by

Select one of the following:

  • increased contractility

  • decreased contractility

  • increased arterial pressure

  • decreased arterial pressure

Explanation

Question 167 of 230

1

Afterload leads to a _________ in stroke volume, therefore an ________ in ESV

Select one of the following:

  • decrease; decrease

  • decrease; increase

  • increase; decrease

  • increase; increase

Explanation

Question 168 of 230

1

The reflex that decreases blood pressure is known as

Select one of the following:

  • Cardioaccelerator reflex

  • Cardioinhibitor reflex

  • blood volume reflex

  • cardioflow reflex

Explanation

Question 169 of 230

1

The reflex that involves sympathetic impulses going to the SA nodes, in turn increasing heart rate is

Select one of the following:

  • Cardioinhibitor reflex

  • Cardiovascular reflex

  • Cardioaccelerator reflex

  • blood flow reflex

Explanation

Question 170 of 230

1

Increases in heart rate can increase _________ ______ and _______ ________

Select one of the following:

  • blood flow; blood pressure

  • blood levels; blood flow

  • blood pressure; cardiac output

  • cardiac output; blood flow

Explanation

Question 171 of 230

1

Factors that can increase heart rate are

Select one of the following:

  • epinephrine

  • emotions

  • exercise

  • rise in body temperature

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 172 of 230

1

Arteriole diameter can influence

Select one of the following:

  • heart rate

  • blood pressure

  • peripheral resistance

  • cardioaccelerator reflex

Explanation

Question 173 of 230

1

Decreases in diameter of arterioles results in

Select one of the following:

  • decreased peripheral resistance

  • increased peripheral resistance

Explanation

Question 174 of 230

1

Anything that results in vasoconstriction increases

Select one of the following:

  • blood flow

  • peripheral resistance

  • blood pressure

  • heart rate

Explanation

Question 175 of 230

1

The vasomotor center is located in the __________ ________ and sends _______ signals to ________ muscles of arterioles

Select one of the following:

  • pulmonary arteries; parasympathetic; rough

  • pulmonary arteries; sympathetic; smooth

  • medulla oblongata; parasympathetic; smooth

  • medulla oblongata; sympathetic; smooth

Explanation

Question 176 of 230

1

The chemicals responsible for affecting precapillary sphincters and smooth muscles or arteriole and metarteriole walls are

Select one of the following:

  • CO2

  • O2

  • H+

  • all the above

Explanation

Question 177 of 230

1

Nitric oxide and bradykinin are considered

Select one of the following:

  • vasodilators

  • vasoconstrictors

Explanation

Question 178 of 230

1

Angiotensin and endothelin are considered

Select one of the following:

  • vasodilators

  • vasoconstrictors

Explanation

Question 179 of 230

1

Little _________ is found in the veins and venules

Select one of the following:

  • blood

  • pressure

  • clotting

  • plasma

Explanation

Question 180 of 230

1

Blood movement depends on not only the heart, but

Select one of the following:

  • skeletal muscle action

  • breathing movements

  • vasoconstriction of veins

  • all the above

Explanation

Question 181 of 230

1

During respiration:

Select one of the following:

  • pressure of thoracic cavity is reduced

  • Pressure in abdominal cavity increases

  • blood is squeezed from abdominal to thoracic veins

  • all the above

Explanation

Question 182 of 230

1

When venous pressure is low, ________ signals stimulate the contraction of smooth muscles in the walls of the veins

Select one of the following:

  • sympathetic

  • parasympathetic

Explanation

Question 183 of 230

1

Vasoconstriction maintains

Select one of the following:

  • blood flow

  • venous return

  • heart rate

Explanation

Question 184 of 230

1

Blood returns to the pulmonary circuit via

Select one of the following:

  • pulmonary arteries

  • pulmonary veins

  • cardiac veins

  • cardiac arteries

Explanation

Question 185 of 230

1

The arterial system carries blood _____ _____ the heart. Starts in ______ ends in _____ and ______.

Select one of the following:

  • away from; aorta; toes; head

  • closer to; head; aorta; toes

  • away from; left ventricle; head; toes

  • closer to; aorta; head; toes.

Explanation

Question 186 of 230

1

All veins except pulmonary veins empty in the _______ atria

Select one of the following:

  • right

  • left

Explanation

Question 187 of 230

1

The pressure in the right atria is known as

Select one of the following:

  • right atrial pressure

  • central pressure

  • central venous pressure

  • right central venous pressure

Explanation

Question 188 of 230

1

Central venous pressure can influence pressure in

Select one of the following:

  • left arterial veins

  • right arterial veins

  • carotid artery

  • peripheral veins

Explanation

Question 189 of 230

1

Subclavian and common carotid arteries supply blood to

Select one of the following:

  • spleen and liver

  • brain, head, neck

  • toes and lower extremities

  • stomach and kidneys

Explanation

Question 190 of 230

1

Divisions of subclavian arteries include

Select one of the following:

  • vertebral arteries, thyrocervical arteries, and costocervical arteries

  • internal carotid arteries, external carotid arteries

  • thoracic and splenic arteries

Explanation

Question 191 of 230

1

Common carotid arteries include

Select one of the following:

  • internal carotid arteries

  • external carotid arteries

  • both

  • neither

Explanation

Question 192 of 230

1

Vertebral arteries come together to form

Select one of the following:

  • subclavian arteries

  • basilar artery

  • internal carotid arteries

  • cerebral arteries

Explanation

Question 193 of 230

1

The basilar artery branches to

Select one of the following:

  • cervix

  • pons, midbrain, cerebellum

  • liver

Explanation

Question 194 of 230

1

The vertebral arteries also divide into two posterior ______ arteries, which supply blood to parts of the temporal and occipital lobe

Select one of the following:

  • cerebral

  • basilar

  • carotid

  • femoral

Explanation

Question 195 of 230

1

What arteries provide blood to the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, larynx, trachea, esophagus, pharynx, and muscles of neck, shoulder, and back?

Select one of the following:

  • costocervical arteries

  • basilar arteries

  • vertebral arteries

  • thryocervical arteries

Explanation

Question 196 of 230

1

What arteries are LAST to branch from the subclavian divisions, and supply blood to the muscles in neck, back, and thoracic walls?

Select one of the following:

  • Costocervical

  • Thyrocervical

  • Vertebral

Explanation

Question 197 of 230

1

The external common carotid artery divides into the superior thyroid artery, lingual artery, facial artery, occipital artery, and posterior auricular artery just above the ______ border

Select one of the following:

  • subclavian

  • laryngeal

  • cardiac

  • esophageal

Explanation

Question 198 of 230

1

The external carotid artery ends by dividing into the

Select one of the following:

  • superior thyroid artery

  • maxillary and superficial temporal arteries

  • occipital artery

  • posterior auricular artery

Explanation

Question 199 of 230

1

The internal carotid artery is the major blood supply for the

Select one of the following:

  • brain

  • neck

  • heart

  • stomach

Explanation

Question 200 of 230

1

Major branches of the internal carotid artery include

Select one of the following:

  • ophthalmic artery, posterior communicating artery, anterior choroid artery

  • superior thyroid artery, lingual artery

  • maxillary artery, superficial temporal artery

Explanation

Question 201 of 230

1

At the base of the internal carotid arteries is

Select one of the following:

  • apex of heart

  • larynx

  • esophagus

  • coronary sinus

Explanation

Question 202 of 230

1

The ________ artery passes between the clavicle and first rib and becomes part axillary artery

Select one of the following:

  • carotid

  • lingual

  • maxillary

  • subclavian

Explanation

Question 203 of 230

1

The subclavian artery provides blood to

Select one of the following:

  • face

  • skin of shoulder, part of mammary gland, proximal end of humorous, muscles of back, shoulder, and chest

  • hands

Explanation

Question 204 of 230

1

The subclavian artery becomes the ________ artery as it leaves the axilla

Select one of the following:

  • temporal

  • mammilary

  • brachial

  • humoral

Explanation

Question 205 of 230

1

The radial artery

Select one of the following:

  • is a great place to find pulse

  • provides blood to entire arm

  • is very thin

Explanation

Question 206 of 230

1

Where does the internal thoracic artery derive from?

Select one of the following:

  • thoracic aorta

  • subclavian artery

  • iliac artery

Explanation

Question 207 of 230

1

The posterial intercostals comes from

Select one of the following:

  • thoracic aorta

  • subclavian artery

  • thoracic artery

Explanation

Question 208 of 230

1

The abdominal aorta divides to form what?

Select one of the following:

  • iliac arteries

  • subclavian arteries

  • thoracic arteries

Explanation

Question 209 of 230

1

The iliac arteries divides into

Select one of the following:

  • internal iliac artery and external iliac artery

  • posterior and anterior iliac arteries

  • medial and lateral iliac arteries

Explanation

Question 210 of 230

1

The iliolumbar artery, superior and inferior gluteal arteries, internal pudendal artery, superior and inferior vesical arteries, middle rectal artery, and uterine artery are all derivatives of

Select one of the following:

  • external iliac artery

  • internal iliac artery

  • subclavian artery

  • popliteal artery

Explanation

Question 211 of 230

1

The external iliac artery becomes

Select one of the following:

  • femoral artery

  • subclavian artery

  • pulmonary artery

Explanation

Question 212 of 230

1

The superficial circumflex iliac artery, superficial epigastric artery, superficial and deep external prudendal arteries, deep femoral artery, and deep genicular artery are derivatives of

Select one of the following:

  • the popliteal artery

  • femoral artery

  • carotid artery

  • subclavian artery

Explanation

Question 213 of 230

1

The femoral artery becomes the __________ artery, which supplies the ________ and muscles of the ________ and calf with blood.

Select one of the following:

  • subclavian; elbow; gluteus

  • popliteal; knee; thigh

  • thoracic; stomach; knee

Explanation

Question 214 of 230

1

The popliteal artery divides into

Select one of the following:

  • anterior and posterior tibial arteries

  • anterior and posterior popliteal arteries

  • major and minor femoral arteries

Explanation

Question 215 of 230

1

The popliteal artery divides into

Select one of the following:

  • anterior and posterior tibial arteries

  • anterior and posterior popliteal arteries

  • major and minor femoral arteries

Explanation

Question 216 of 230

1

The anterior tibial artery branches to ________, while the posterior tibial artery branches to _______

Select one of the following:

  • calf, anterior and lateral portions of leg

  • anterior and lateral portions of leg, calf.

Explanation

Question 217 of 230

1

The anterior tibial artery branches to

Select one of the following:

  • fibular artery

  • plantar arteries

  • dorsalis pedis artery

Explanation

Question 218 of 230

1

The posterior tibial artery branches to

Select one of the following:

  • fibular branch

  • plantar arteries

  • dorsalis pedis artery

  • A & B

Explanation

Question 219 of 230

1

The venous system

Select one of the following:

  • carries blood from the heart

  • returns blood to the heart

Explanation

Question 220 of 230

1

________ system pathways are difficult to follow

Select one of the following:

  • venous

  • capillary

  • artery

Explanation

Question 221 of 230

1

Blood veins of the systemic circuit converge into two major pathways

Select one of the following:

  • major and minor venae cavae

  • superior and inferior venae cavae

  • anterior and posterior venae cavae

Explanation

Question 222 of 230

1

External _________ veins drain blood from the face, scalp, and superficial regions of the neck, and empty into right and left _______ veins.

Select one of the following:

  • subclavian; jugular

  • jugular; subclavian

  • subclavian; carotid

  • carotid; jugular

Explanation

Question 223 of 230

1

Internal _________ veins drain blood from brain and veins in the face and neck and empties into _________ veins.

Select one of the following:

  • jugular; subclavian

  • subclavian; jugular

  • carotid; subclavian

  • subclavian; carotid

Explanation

Question 224 of 230

1

The union of the internal jugular and subclavian makes the ________ veins, which empty into the _________ _______ ______

Select one of the following:

  • superior vena cava; brachiocephalic

  • brachiocephalic; supera vena cava

  • brachiocephalic; common carotid artery

  • pulmonary veins; common carotid artery

Explanation

Question 225 of 230

1

Radial and ulnar veins merge to form

Select one of the following:

  • brachial veins

  • subclavian veins

  • popliteal veins

Explanation

Question 226 of 230

1

Deep venous drainage veins are

Select one of the following:

  • radial and ulnar

  • basilic and cephalic

  • cubital

Explanation

Question 227 of 230

1

Superficial venous drainage veins are

Select one of the following:

  • radial and ulnar

  • basilic and cephalic

  • medial cubital

Explanation

Question 228 of 230

1

The normal site of venipuncture is

Select one of the following:

  • brachiocephalic vein

  • medial cubital vein

  • basilic vein

  • radial vein

Explanation

Question 229 of 230

1

The internal thoracic and intercostal veins drain into

Select one of the following:

  • basilic vein

  • subclavian vein

  • brachiocephalic vein

  • jugular vein

Explanation

Question 230 of 230

1

The posterior intercostal veins, superior and inferior hemiazygos vein, and ascending lumbar vein all drain into

Select one of the following:

  • brachiocephalic vein

  • subclavian vein

  • azygos vein

Explanation