Pharmacology Exam 4

Question 1 of 54

1

The nurse will monitor for which adverse reaction to calcium containing antacids?

Select one of the following:

Diarrhea, kidney stones, rebound hyperacidity
Constipation, kidney stones, rebound hyperacidity
Hyperglycemia, kidney stones, rebound hyperacidity
Hypoglycemia, kidney stones, rebound hyperacidity

Explanation

Question 2 of 54

1

Which type of antacids will a nurse most likely question in an order for a patient who has chronic renal failure?

Select one of the following:

Aluminum-containing antacids
Calcium-containing antacids
Magnesium-containing antacids
Sodium-containing antacids

Explanation

Question 3 of 54

1

A nurse is providing a client who has peptic ulcer disease with instructions about managing his condition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Select one or more of the following:

Eat a bedtime snack
Seek measures to reduce stress
Drink decaffeinated coffee
Avoid the use of NSAIDS or Aspirin
Avoid smoking

Explanation

Question 4 of 54

1

Which of the following drugs is sometimes added to the oral medication protocol with PPIs to reduce flatulence and abdominal discomfort associated with gas?

Select one of the following:

Sucralfate
Citroma
Dulcolax
Simethicone

Explanation

Question 5 of 54

1

After confirmation of suspected H. pylori in a client with peptic ulcer disease, which of the following pharmacological interventions could be implemented by the physician? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Antibiotic therapy
Supplementary simethicone
Bismuth containing product
Histamine2-receptor antagonists
Proton Pump Inhibitor

Explanation

Question 6 of 54

1

A patient with peptic ulcer disease reports pain while urinating. A urinalysis reveals the presence of cystine, oxalate, and urate renal stones. Which antacid might the patient be overusing?

Select one of the following:

Calcium-containing antacids
Magnesium-containing antacids
Aluminum-containing antacids
Sodium-containing antacids

Explanation

Question 7 of 54

1

Which of the following drugs can cause confusion in elderly patients? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Cimetidine
Bisacodyl
Omeprazole
Bismuth sabsalicylate

Explanation

Question 8 of 54

1

A patient is being prepared for a colonoscopy. The nurse expects which laxative to be used as preparation for this procedure?

Select one of the following:

methylcellulose
docusate sodium
PEG-3350
glycerin

Explanation

Question 9 of 54

1

An underweight patient comes to the clinic complaining of fatigue and weakness. She tells the nurse she has been using laxatives to promote bowel movements to help her keep her weight down, and can't seem to have a bowel movement without using a laxative. The nurse knows the patient is at risk for which of the following related to laxative abuse? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Damage to the bowel
Secretion of oily discharge
Laxative tolerance
Intestinal problems
Impaired psychosocial development

Explanation

Question 10 of 54

1

Which of the following antidiarrheals is a controlled substance?

Select one of the following:

loperamide
diphenoxylate
belladonna alkaloid combinations
lactobacillus

Explanation

Question 11 of 54

1

This class of laxatives, which produces normal, formed stools with very few (if any) adverse effects is which of the following?

Select one of the following:

Emollient laxatives
Hyperosmotic laxatives
Saline laxatives
Bulk-forming laxatives

Explanation

Question 12 of 54

1

A patient who has been using pepto-bismol for the past several days has come into the clinic worried about his black stools. Which of the following responses is most appropriate for the nurse?

Select one of the following:

"You are right to be concerned. It is possible you are eliminating needed stores of iron."
"This is an expected adverse effect of pepto-bismol."
"Has this ever happened to you before with any other drug treatment?"
"When did you first start noticing the color change in your stool?"

Explanation

Question 13 of 54

1

A patient has been receiving long-term antibiotic therapy as part of treatment for an infected leg wound. He tells the nurse that he has had "spells of diarrhea" for the last week. Which medication is most appropriate for him at this time?

Select one of the following:

bismuth subsalicylate
L. acidophilus
diphenoxylate with atropine
codeine

Explanation

Question 14 of 54

1

When speaking with a patient who has been taking pepto-bismol as needed for the past couple of weeks, the nurse should be concerned when the patient also states he is taking which of the following drugs? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Vitamin K supplements
warfarin (Coumadin)
psyllium
digoxin
NSAIDs

Explanation

Question 15 of 54

1

Which of the following pharmacologic interventions creates a drug-induced acidic environment that also functions to reduce ammonia levels while producing a laxative effect?

Select one of the following:

senna
docusate sodium
bisacodyl
lactulose

Explanation

Question 16 of 54

1

A patient taking alosetron to treat her IBS has recently called in to her provider to report severe constipation and terrible abdominal pain. The nurse tells her to come to the clinic right away. Which life-threatening complication of IBS treatment is this patient at risk for?

Select one of the following:

Severe GI hemorrhage
Spontaneous abortion
Intestinal polyps
Ischemic colitis

Explanation

Question 17 of 54

1

When reviewing the various types of anti nausea medications, the nurse recognizes that prokinetic drugs such as metaclopramide (Raglan) are also used for:

Select one of the following:

motion sickness
vertigo
delayed gastric emptying
GI obstruction

Explanation

Question 18 of 54

1

Serotonin-blocking drugs such as granisetron and ondansetron are most commonly used for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 19 of 54

1

A patient has been newly prescribed meclizine (Antivert) for the treatment of vertigo. Which of the following patient statements indicate a need for further patient education?

Select one of the following:

"I will commit to avoiding alcohol for the duration of my treatment."
"Taking this drug before leaving for work will help to improve my alertness."
"I should avoid other CNS depressants while taking this drug."
"I can take this drug with a full glass of water or milk."

Explanation

Question 20 of 54

1

A patient using a transdermal scopolamine patch has set a watch alarm to help her remember to change her patch. When her alarm goes off, how much time has passed?

Select one of the following:

24 hours
48 hours
72 hours
84 hours

Explanation

Question 21 of 54

1

Fill the blank space to complete the text.

The order reads: "Give promethazine (Phenergan) 12.5 mg IM q4h prn nausea/vomiting." This medication is available in 25-mg/mL vials. Because of this, the nurse will administer mL per dose.

Explanation

Question 22 of 54

1

Lack of which of the following vitamins leads to rickets, osteomalacia, and tetany?

Select one of the following:

Vitamin A
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Vitamin D

Explanation

Question 23 of 54

1

Which of the following foods would be recommend to a patient with a calcium deficiency?

Select one or more of the following:

High-bran foods
Dairy products
Orange juice
Sardines and salmon
Fortified cereals

Explanation

Question 24 of 54

1

Which of the following vitamin injections are given to newborns prophylactically within 1 hour of birth?

Select one of the following:

Vitamin D
Vitamin C
Vitamin K
Vitamin A

Explanation

Question 25 of 54

1

While caring for a newly admitted patient who has a long history of alcoholism, the nurse anticipates that part of the patient's medication regimen will include which vitamin?

Select one of the following:

Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
Vitamin A (retinol)

Explanation

Question 26 of 54

1

Which of the following are uses of the mineral zinc? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Development and maintenance of skeletal system and teeth
Assistive function in wound healing
Enzymatic metabolic reactions involving proteins and carbohydrates
Required for muscle contraction and nerve function
Normal tissue growth and repair

Explanation

Question 27 of 54

1

The nurse is providing care to a patient following a non-accidental traumatic brain injury. The patient has developed diabetes insipidus due to the injury. What medication is most often used in the management of diabetes insipidus?

Select one of the following:

desmopressin (DDVAP)
corticotrophin (Acthar)
octreotide (Sandostatin)
somatropin (Humatrope)

Explanation

Question 28 of 54

1

When monitoring for the therapeutic effects of intranasal desmopressin (DDVAP) in a patient who has diabetes insipidus, which assessment finding will the nurse look for as an indication that the medication therapy is successful?

Select one of the following:

Increased insulin levels
Decreased diarrhea
Improved nasal patency
Decreased thirst

Explanation

Question 29 of 54

1

What would the nurse assess when monitoring for the therapeutic effectiveness of vasopressin?

Select one of the following:

Fluid balance
Patient's pain scale
Serum albumin levels
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels

Explanation

Question 30 of 54

1

What would the nurse assess when monitoring for the therapeutic outcome with Somatropin treatment?

Select one of the following:

Increased insulin levels
Decreased diarrhea
Increased growth
Improved nasal patency

Explanation

Question 31 of 54

1

A patient receiving propylthiouracil (PTU) asks the nurse how this medication will help relieve his symptoms. What is the nurse’s best response?

Select one of the following:

“Propylthiouracil inactivates any circulating thyroid hormone, thus decreasing signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism.”
“Propylthiouracil inhibits the formation of new thyroid hormone, thus gradually returning your metabolism to normal.”
“Propylthiouracil helps your thyroid gland use iodine and synthesize hormones better.”
“Propylthiouracil stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which inhibits the production of hormones by the thyroid gland.”

Explanation

Question 32 of 54

1

A patient recently diagnosed with hypothyroidism is prescribed Synthroid. She demonstrates the need for further teaching when she states which of the following?

Select one of the following:

“I will take this medication in the morning so as not to interfere with sleep.”
“I can expect to see relief of my symptoms within 1 week.”
"I should only take this medication once a day."
"I will not discontinue the use of this medication without seeing my healthcare provider."

Explanation

Question 33 of 54

1

To help with insomnia associated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy, the nurse will teach the patient to:

Select one of the following:

take half the dose at lunchtime and the other half 2 hours later
use a sedative to assist with falling asleep
take the dose upon awakening in the morning
reduce the dosage as needed if sleep is impaired

Explanation

Question 34 of 54

1

When teaching a patient who has a new prescription for thyroid hormone, the nurse will instruct the patient to notify the physician if which adverse effects are noted? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Palpitations
Weight gain
Angina
Fatigue
Cold intolerance

Explanation

Question 35 of 54

1

The pharmacy has called a patient to notify her that the current brand of thyroid replacement hormone is on back order. The patient calls the clinic to ask what to do. Which is the best response by the nurse?

Select one of the following:

"Go ahead and take the other brand that the pharmacy has available for now."
"You can stop the medication until your current brand is available."
"You can split the thyroid pills that you have left so that they will last longer."
"Let me ask your physician what needs to be done; we will need to watch how you do if you switch brands."

Explanation

Question 36 of 54

1

Which is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of action of less than 15 minutes?

Select one or more of the following:

insulin glargine (Lantus)
insulin aspart (NovoLog)
regular insulin (Humulin R)
insulin detemir (Levemir)

Explanation

Question 37 of 54

1

Which long-acting insulin mimics natural, basal insulin with no peak action and a duration of 24 hours?

Select one or more of the following:

insulin glargine (Lantus)
insulin glulisine (Apidra)
regular insulin (Humulin R)
NPH insulin

Explanation

Question 38 of 54

1

Which of the following are symptoms of hypoglycemia? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Nervousness
Irritability
Weight gain
Confusion
Sweating

Explanation

Question 39 of 54

1

When checking a patient's fingerstick blood glucose level, the nurse obtains a reading of 42 mg/dL. The patient states he is awake, but feels a bit "cloudy-headed." After double-checking the patient's glucose level and getting the same reading, which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

Select one of the following:

Administer two packets of table sugar.
Administer oral glucose in the form of a semisolid gel.
Administer 50% dextrose IV push
Administer the morning dose of lispro insulin.

Explanation

Question 40 of 54

1

The patient is prescribed 30 units regular insulin and 70 units NPH insulin subcutaneously every morning. The nurse will provide which instruction to the patient?

Select one of the following:

“Draw up the regular insulin into the syringe first, followed by the cloudy NPH insulin.”
“Mixing insulins will help increase insulin production.”
“Rotate sites at least once weekly.”
“Use a 23- to 25-gauge syringe with a 1-inch needle for maximum absorption.”

Explanation

Question 41 of 54

1

Which insulin can be administered by continuous intravenous infusion?

Select one of the following:

insulin glargine (Lantus)
insulin aspart (Novolog)
regular insulin (Humulin R)
insulin detemir (Levemir)

Explanation

Question 42 of 54

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Expected blood glucose levels while fasting are less than or equal to , but greater than . While blood glucose levels 2 hours post prandial are less than or equal to , but greater than .

Explanation

Question 43 of 54

1

The HbA1C blood glucose test is the most reliable method of testing months of blood sugars and is not affected by recent fluctuations in blood glucose.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 44 of 54

1

A patient is taking oral anti diabetics for new-onset type 2 diabetes. When reviewing potential adverse effects, the nurse will include information about: (select all that apply)

Select one or more of the following:

Weight gain
GI upset
Headache
Abdominal bloating
Hypoglycemia

Explanation

Question 45 of 54

1

What class of drugs can raise blood glucose even if everything else is being done correctly?

Select one of the following:

Hyperosmotic laxatives
Corticosteroids
Insulin therapy
Proton pump inhibitors

Explanation

Question 46 of 54

1

A pregnant patient was recently diagnosed with gestational diabetes. The nurse should expect which of the following orders?

Select one of the following:

Oral antidiabetic medication
Restrictive diet modifications
Increased fluid intake
Insulin therapy

Explanation

Question 47 of 54

1

A student nurse has asked her preceptor to explain the concept of basal dosing as it relates to insulin administration. Which of the following is the best response of the preceptor?

Select one of the following:

"Basal dosing helps prevent an overdose of insulin to the patient. If we meet the very basic needs for insulin in the body, we are less likely to cause adverse effects to the patient."
"Basal dosing is a method of using both long-acting and short or rapid-acting insulins to deliver and maintain optimal insulin levels in the body throughout the course of an entire day."
"Basal dosing is the method for administering subcutaneous regular insulin doses adjusted according to serum glucose test results."
"Basal dosing is used for hospitalized diabetic patients experiencing drastic changes in serum glucose levels due to physical and emotional stress, infections, surgery, and acute illness."

Explanation

Question 48 of 54

1

A patient is taking metformin for new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. When reviewing potential adverse effects, the nurse will include information about: (select all that apply.)

Select one or more of the following:

Abdominal bloating
Nausea
Diarrhea
Headache
Weight gain
Metallic taste

Explanation

Question 49 of 54

1

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following adverse effects of metformin should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider?

Select one of the following:

Somnolence
Constipation
Fluid retention
Weight gain

Explanation

Question 50 of 54

1

The nurse is discussing with a patient the time of day for taking prednisone. What information would the nurse include in the teaching based on knowledge of glucocorticoids?

Select one of the following:

It is usually administered early in the evening to coincide with the natural secretion pattern of the adrenal cortex.
It is usually administered on a strict, unchanging schedule in order to prevent adverse reactions.
It should be administered with food to diminish the risk of gastric irritation.
It should be administered with the patient’s morning coffee to enhance its effects.

Explanation

Question 51 of 54

1

When teaching a patient who has been prescribed a daily dose of prednisone (Deltasone), the nurse knows that the patient will be told to take the medication at which time of day to help reduce adrenal suppression?

Select one of the following:

In the morning
At lunchtime
At dinnertime
At bedtime

Explanation

Question 52 of 54

1

Which of the following are identified side effects of prednisone (Deltasone)?

Select one or more of the following:

Weight gain
Restlessness
Insomnia
Nausea and vomiting
Headache
Thinning skin and acne

Explanation

Question 53 of 54

1

During long-term corticosteroid therapy, the nurse will monitor the patient's laboratory results for adverse effects, such as: (Select all that apply.)

Select one or more of the following:

Increased serum potassium levels
Decreased serum potassium levels
Increased sodium levels
Decreased sodium levels
Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia

Explanation

Question 54 of 54

1

The nurse has provided teaching about oral corticosteroid therapy to a patient. Which statement by the patient shows a need for more teaching?

Select one of the following:

"I will report any fever or sore throat symptoms."
"I will stay away form anyone who has a cold or infection."
"I can stop this medication if I have severe adverse effects."
"I will take this drug with food or milk."

	Created by Rachel Bullock about 8 years ago

	Copied by Rachel Bullock about 8 years ago

Pharmacology Quiz on Pharmacology Exam 4, created by Rachel Bullock on 31/10/2016.

Pharmacology Exam 4

Question 1 of 54

The nurse will monitor for which adverse reaction to calcium containing antacids?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 54

Which type of antacids will a nurse most likely question in an order for a patient who has chronic renal failure?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 54

A nurse is providing a client who has peptic ulcer disease with instructions about managing his condition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 54

Which of the following drugs is sometimes added to the oral medication protocol with PPIs to reduce flatulence and abdominal discomfort associated with gas?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 54

After confirmation of suspected H. pylori in a client with peptic ulcer disease, which of the following pharmacological interventions could be implemented by the physician? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 54

A patient with peptic ulcer disease reports pain while urinating. A urinalysis reveals the presence of cystine, oxalate, and urate renal stones. Which antacid might the patient be overusing?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 54

Which of the following drugs can cause confusion in elderly patients? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 54

A patient is being prepared for a colonoscopy. The nurse expects which laxative to be used as preparation for this procedure?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 54

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 54

Which of the following antidiarrheals is a controlled substance?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 54

This class of laxatives, which produces normal, formed stools with very few (if any) adverse effects is which of the following?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 54

A patient who has been using pepto-bismol for the past several days has come into the clinic worried about his black stools. Which of the following responses is most appropriate for the nurse?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 54

A patient has been receiving long-term antibiotic therapy as part of treatment for an infected leg wound. He tells the nurse that he has had "spells of diarrhea" for the last week. Which medication is most appropriate for him at this time?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 54

When speaking with a patient who has been taking pepto-bismol as needed for the past couple of weeks, the nurse should be concerned when the patient also states he is taking which of the following drugs? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 54

Which of the following pharmacologic interventions creates a drug-induced acidic environment that also functions to reduce ammonia levels while producing a laxative effect?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 54

A patient taking alosetron to treat her IBS has recently called in to her provider to report severe constipation and terrible abdominal pain. The nurse tells her to come to the clinic right away. Which life-threatening complication of IBS treatment is this patient at risk for?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 54

When reviewing the various types of anti nausea medications, the nurse recognizes that prokinetic drugs such as metaclopramide (Raglan) are also used for:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 54

Serotonin-blocking drugs such as granisetron and ondansetron are most commonly used for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 54

A patient has been newly prescribed meclizine (Antivert) for the treatment of vertigo. Which of the following patient statements indicate a need for further patient education?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 54

A patient using a transdermal scopolamine patch has set a watch alarm to help her remember to change her patch. When her alarm goes off, how much time has passed?

Select one of the following: