PSY Test 1

A series of dots arranged in the shape of a face will be perceived as a face, not a series of dots. A psychologist studying this phenomenon is applying the principals of ________.

According to Sigmund Freud, all of the following represent ways to access the unconscious mind except through ________.

According to the biopsychosocial model, what determines health?

Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in?

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by ________.

Char heard from her friends that marijuana use can cure glaucoma so it should be legal in all 50 states. Char knows that she is biased in favor of marijuana legalization, so she decides to exercise some skepticism about this claim. She researches where her friends got their information, how reliable it is, and what other sources say about legalizing marijuana. Char is ________.

Cognitive psychology focuses on studying ________.

Critical thinking is ________.

For a scientific explanation to be testable, it must also be ________.

I provide Ralph with the positive reinforcement of a candy bar when he does something I like. I punish him by squirting him with a squirt gun when he does something I don't like. I am applying the principles of ________ in an attempt to modify Ralph's behavior.

If you show an adult a toy, and then hide it behind a curtain, the adult knows that the toy still exists. However, infants act as if a hidden object no longer exists. What does this exemplify?

In a study of mate preference differences between men and women that spanned 37 cultures, Buss (1989) found that men value youthful appearance more than women. Why?

In developmental psychology, there is an increasing interest in researching cognitive changes that occur later in life. Why?

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the ________ include food, water, and shelter.

Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ________ as objectively as possible.

Marta is pursuing a graduate degree in psychology. As part of her program she must write a long research paper based on the data she spent the last year gathering. What is the long research paper called?

Oona wants to conduct research on personnel management, workplace environment, and what type of environment results in high levels of employee productivity and efficiency. Oona should conduct research in the area of ________ psychology.

Penelope studies how the structure and function of the nervous system is related to behavior. She is a ________.

Psychoanalytic theory focuses on ________ and early childhood experiences.

Psychology is a social science discipline. Psychologists scientifically study ________.

Susan wants to study prejudice, attraction, how we explain our own behavior versus how we explain the behavior of others, and how we resolve interpersonal conflicts. Susan should conduct research in the area of ________.

What is a PsyD?

What is Abraham Maslow best known for?

What was the primary conclusion of Stanley Milgram's obedience research?

Which aspect of the scientific method occurs first?

Which kind of psychologist would be consulted in jury selection and witness preparation?

Which of the following defines hypothesis?

Which of the following exemplifies the unconditional positive regard component of client-centered therapy?

Which of the following psychologists was a behaviorist?

Which of the following refers to a broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is consistently supported by evidence over time?

________ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.

A group of preschool-age children are enrolled in a study that plans to follow them over time in order to assess behaviors and other characteristics that may predict later development of schizophrenia. This is an example of a(n) ________ design.

A major advantage of case studies is ________.

An intelligence test yields the same results when administered on three separate occasions. However, the test's results are more strongly correlated with hours spent doing homework than they are with other standardized intelligence tests. This test has________ reliability and ________ validity.

An upper-level psychology class is conducting an experiment on racial prejudice that involves having participants rate the likeability of faces in a set of photos. However, they tell participants that the study is about the effects of aging on likeability. When participants are finished, they are thanked for their time and leave the experiment. In this example, the class forgot to ________ in order to resolve the ________ in the study.

Devine et al. are interested in assessing whether active versus passive play causes a preference for sweet or salty foods in toddlers. They assign groups of children to either an active play, passive play, or no play group and record their food choices when presented with a variety of sweet and salty foods. In this study, ________ is the independent variable and ________ is the control group.

Drs. Goran and Lieberman are interested in assessing differences in pain threshold between men and women. They recruit male and female participants to a study that assesses tolerance for thermal pain. This is an example of a(n) ________ study.

Ethics need to be considered when ________ scientific research.

Harrison et al. are conducting a study assessing the ability of depressed versus non-depressed participants to remember negative emotions in a short story about a family whose car breaks down. They plan to ask participants to read the story and then make a list of the emotions expressed in the story. Before beginning the study, they make a list of negative emotions (e.g., sadness and anger) that they will record from the participants' responses. In this example, negative emotions are the ________.

Lesley, a sociology major, believes that money is the key to happiness. Her friend Stephen, a psychology major, believes that good health is the key to happiness. How might the two friends resolve their disagreement?

One hundred introductory psychology students are surveyed about their intended majors. The results indicate that more women than men intend to pursue a psychology major, whereas more men than women intend to pursue a history major. What do these results indicate?

Research shows that people who smoke cigarettes are more likely to get lung cancer than those who do not smoke. This research alone demonstrates that ________.

Researchers are conducting a study where they have concerns that the participant's beliefs and/or the experimenter's beliefs may skew the results. Therefore, they chose to conduct a ________ study.

Simply expecting something to happen can make it happen. This describes ________.

Stan and Jenny are in a psychology course that requires them to repeat an experiment that researchers have conducted in the past, in order to determine whether they produce the same results. This is called ________.

The only way to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between two variables is to conduct a(n) ________.

The possible range for a correlation coefficient is ________.

Which correlation coefficient best represents a moderate relationship showing fewer anxiety symptoms in people who report higher life satisfaction?

________ is the tendency to ignore evidence that disproves ideas or beliefs.

________ refers to the ability of an instrument or tool to accurately measure what it is supposed to measure.

A particular electrical signal being transmitted to a neuron is sufficient to generate an action potential. If the magnitude of the incoming electrical signal is doubled, the action potential will ________.

Psychotropic medications are drugs that treat psychiatric symptoms by restoring ________ balance.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are drugs commonly prescribed for ________.

Sensory and motor neurons of the ________ nervous system are associated with activities traditionally thought of as conscious or voluntary.

The brain contains ________ of interconnected neurons and glia.

The endocrine system consists of a series of glands that produce chemical substances known as ________.

The space between two neurons is called the ________.

Twin boys both have a gene associated with aggressive tendencies. What is the most likely outcome to be observed in their behavior as they grow up?

Which two neurotransmitters have roles in appetite suppression?

________ is a neurotransmitter involved in mood, reward, addiction, and motor behavior.