ashj2008
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cardiac

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Cardiac

Question 1 of 25

1

Which of these is not a type of cel death?

Select one of the following:

  • Apoptosis

  • Necrosis

  • Autolysis

  • Oncosis

  • utiss

Explanation

Question 2 of 25

1

Which of these is not part of apoptosis?

Select one of the following:

  • Membrane integrity preserved

  • Active processes, requires ATP and protein syntehsis'caspase cascade activated

  • cells shrink and components packaged into membrane-bound vesicles (apoptic bodies)

  • Single cels

  • no inflammation

  • Pasive process

Explanation

Question 3 of 25

1

Which of these is not part of oncosis?

Select one of the following:

  • Membranes breached

  • Passive process,driven by energy deprovation

  • Cells swell with haphazard destruction of organelles

  • contiguous cells

  • inflammatory response

  • active process

Explanation

Question 4 of 25

1

Which are the causes of cell damage?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Oxygen deficiency(hypoxia)

  • Physical agents

  • chemicals and drugs

  • Micro-organisms

  • Immune reactions

  • creams

Explanation

Question 5 of 25

1

Which of these causes ischaemia heart conditions?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Angina pectoris

  • MI

  • Sudden cardiac death

  • Chronic ischaemic heart disease

  • endocardidit s

Explanation

Question 6 of 25

1

What are the complications of MI?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Reduced Myocardial contractility --> acute heart failure

  • Arrhythmias and heart block

  • papillary muscle dysfunction

  • Myocardial rupture

  • Change in blood group

  • pericarditis

  • mural thrombus

  • ventricular aneurysm

  • distorted papillary muscles

Explanation

Question 7 of 25

1

Dressler syndrome is an autoimmune complication after an MI, caused by immune system attacking the pericardium.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 25

1

Which of these are the symptoms and signs of Dressler syndrome?

Select one or more of the following:

  • chest pain

  • fever

  • pericarditis with effusion

  • pain in left arm

Explanation

Question 9 of 25

1

What causes vasoconstriction?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Increase in oxygen

  • decrease in CO2 and other metabolites

  • Increase in endothelin

  • Increase in SNS stimulation

  • Increase in vasopressin,

  • Increase in angiotensin II

  • Cold

  • Decrease in O2

  • Increase in Co2

Explanation

Question 10 of 25

1

What causes vasodilation?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Decrease in o2

  • Increase in Co2 and other metabolites

  • Increase NO

  • Decrease in SNS stimulation

  • Decrease in histamine stimulation

  • Heat

  • Increase in Co2

Explanation

Question 11 of 25

1

Coronary cirulation receives 4-5% resting Cardiac output

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 25

1

Is cerebral resistance vessels are spared from baroreflex vasoconstriction?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 25

1

Is this correct?
MAP=CO X SVR

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 25

1

Which factors affect venous return?

Select one or more of the following:

  • CO

  • Muscle pump

  • venous valves

  • thoracic pump

  • blood group

Explanation

Question 15 of 25

1

Which of these are the types of shock?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Hypovolaemic

  • Cardiogenic

  • Obstructive

  • Septic

  • Anaphylactic

  • Neurogenic

  • hypotension

Explanation

Question 16 of 25

1

Acute coronary syndrome is a result of rupture of an atheromatous plaque?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 25

1

Non vunerable plaques have thin fibrous capsule, large atheromatous core

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 25

1

Blood pressure is determined by CO and Peripheral resistance

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 25

1

Normal pulse pressure is 40mmHg

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 25

1

Mean arterial pressure is 93mmHG

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 25

1

Where are baroreceptors located?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Carotid sinus

  • aortic arch

  • renal arteries

Explanation

Question 22 of 25

1

The two types of fibres responding to stretch artery?

Select one or more of the following:

  • A fibres

  • C fibres

  • D fibres

Explanation

Question 23 of 25

1

Which of these are secondary hypertension?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Renal hypertension

  • Endocrine tumours
    -Conn's tumours: primary hyperaldosterone
    -Phaeochromocytoma:adrenal medulla

  • Coarctation of the aorta

  • pre-eclampsia of pregnancy

  • liquorice addiction

  • flu

Explanation

Question 24 of 25

1

Primary(essential) hypertension?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Genetic
    -Glutathione-S-transferase
    -eNOS
    -B2 adrenoreceptor polymorphism

  • Renal
    -Hypertension travels with kidneys
    -reduced nephron number in hypertensives

  • Stomach

Explanation

Question 25 of 25

1

120/80mmHg is normal

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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