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Mind Map
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Sam Houghton
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more than 1 year ago
Mind Map on Systems software and security, created by Sam Houghton on 11/01/2017.
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Created by
Sam Houghton
almost 8 years ago
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Declan Barker
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10/10 ign gr8 m8 i r8
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mind_map
2017-01-12T00:33:27Z
Systems software and security
Operating system software
Utility software
Network threats
Identifying and preventing vulnerabilities
encryption software
defragmentation software
data compression
software
What are utilities?
The operating system controls and manages the computer
system
Utilities provide extra functionality that make it easier to
use
They can be packaged as part of the operating system or bought as stand-alone software
programs
Encryption software is used to transform text so that it cannot be read without knowing the key
to decode it
Encryption tools :
Uses
Encrypt files and folders on a portable
disk such as a USB memory stick
Encrypt web communication
Encrypt data on an organisation’s
database
File management and
transfer
Think of the tools we use for
managing our files We can
move, copy and delete folders
and files
Disk defragmentation
When you save a large file it may not fit on the disk in
consecutive memory locations
The file is referred to as “fragmented” Retrieving data
from the file takes more processing More processing
means reduced performance
Defragmenting the hard disk reorganises files so they
are stored together Processing time reduces so
performance is improved Free space is also in one
place so new files do not have to be fragmented
Backup utilities
You need to back up data on your hard disk –
why?
Windows has a Backup and Restore utility which will
create a backup of your files on a regular schedule
You need to save the backed up data onto an
external hard drive
Organisations from the smallest companies to the largest
banks, cannot afford to lose any data
Commercial backup utilities make sure that even in the
event of fire or flood, all data can be recovered
Backup and
recovery
Backing up files is vital to protect against loss from accidental
or malicious damage, corruption or natural disaster
Companies and individuals should adopt a routine backup
strategy to insure against any losses
Backup methods
Full backup
Incremental backup
Complete backup of everything which can be
restored independently of any other backup
Takes greater time and disk space to create
the backup
Records only the changes made since
the last backup A entire chain of
backups is required to fully restore files
Utilities such as WinZip enables users to
compress and decompress files or
folders
Reduces bandwidth usage and data
consumption to download and send a
compressed file Can enable file sizes
to fit with strict email attachment or
ISP limits Increases the amount of
data that can be stored or archived
on disk
Some operating systems
Android OS Versions have nicknames such as Jelly Bean and Kit Kat OS X (Apple MACs) Versions have
nicknames such as “Mountain Lion” and “Snow Leopard” iOS (iPhone/iPad) MS-DOS and Windows
Google Chrome OS (based on Linux) Linux
Functions of an operating system
Provides a user interface
Manages
memory --- multitasking --- peripherals --- files --- user access rights
User Interface
Without a user interface we would have to
communicate in binary! The user interface for
a device has to suit how it is used....
Types of User Interface
GUI: Graphical User Interface
WIMP: Windows, Icons,
Menus and Pointers
Menu-driven interface
CLI: Command Line Interface
Voice activated
Real-time
User can click on icons using a pointer or cursor Icons representing functions mean
less need to type instructions – just click on an icon or menu item Right-clicking
brings up context-sensitive menus Different shaped pointers have different uses
All user commands must be typed in as text No graphics Quicker for expert
users who know the commands Takes less space on the disk and in RAM
To run a program, the computer must copy
the program from storage into main memory
The operating system keeps a record of where each
program and its data are located It must not overwrite
existing programs
Multi-tasking
There are many background processes running on the computer as well
They are taking it in turns to get processor time to execute instructions The OS must manage how
the processes share the processor
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7348300
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2017-01-12T00:33:27Z
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