Brianna Murphy
Quiz by , created more than 1 year ago

NATS1670 Test on Aids and HIV

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Brianna Murphy
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HIV and AIDS

Question 1 of 30

1

HIV and AIDS has a natural reservoir in monkeys. This virus most likely made the jump from monkeys to humans when:

Select one of the following:

  • Humans engaged in sexual behaviour with monkeys.

  • Humans started hunting monkeys.

  • Scientists started on careless research with monkeys.

  • Zoos were created, increasing monkey-human contact.

Explanation

Question 2 of 30

1

Dr. Gottlieb is:

Select one of the following:

  • A doctor who noticed HIV starting to emerge.

  • The doctor responsible for the outbreak of HIV.

  • The first HIV patient in the US.

  • A field doctor in Congo.

Explanation

Question 3 of 30

1

In 1981, with the emergence of HIV and AIDS, many young, homosexual males started coming down with Kaposi's sarcoma. Kaposi's sarcoma is:

Select one of the following:

  • An extremely lethal brain cancer.

  • A potentially lethal cancer of blood vessels.

  • A completely benign skin cancer.

  • A benign cancer in the lungs and throat.

Explanation

Question 4 of 30

1

In 1981, these two diseases were the most common indicators of people who had come down with HIV.

Select one of the following:

  • Kaposi's sarcoma and PCP.

  • PCP and pneumonia.

  • Kaposi's sarcoma and small pox.

  • Kaposi's sarcoma and measles.

Explanation

Question 5 of 30

1

Which of the following are ways HIV and AIDS can be transferred? Check ALL that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Sexual activity.

  • Insect bites.

  • Close proximity.

  • Intravenous drug use.

  • Blood transfusion.

  • Coagulation factor VIII for Hemophilia A.

  • Casual physical contact.

  • Mother to child.

Explanation

Question 6 of 30

1

Gaëtan Dugas was written about in the book 'And The Band Played On: Politics, People and the AIDS Epidemic'. He was an important figure in AIDS research because:

Select one of the following:

  • For a long time he was mistakenly considered to be the index patient for AIDS.

  • He was a prominent author who wrote about AIDS.

  • He created to the first name of HIV, 'GRIDS'.

  • He was a primary cause in the intravenous drug use transmission of HIV.

Explanation

Question 7 of 30

1

In response to HIV, the immune system is attacked, and antibodies cannot be generated quickly. This is why from 3 weeks to 6 months an antibody test on an infected person might mistakenly turn up a:

Select one of the following:

  • false positive.

  • false negative.

  • true positive.

  • true negative.

Explanation

Question 8 of 30

1

The first symptoms of HIV within the first two weeks commonly appears to be:

Select one of the following:

  • An acute, flu-like infection.

  • A fever that lasts several weeks.

  • Dilated pupils.

  • A slight rash.

Explanation

Question 9 of 30

1

If you want the most accurate results for if you have HIV, you should get an antibody test.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 30

1

The most common way for HIV to be transferred between mother and child is:

Select one of the following:

  • Transplacentally in the womb.

  • During the birth process.

  • Postnatal breast feeding.

  • Upon conception.

Explanation

Question 11 of 30

1

Giving an HIV-positive mother a dose of HIV drugs before birth and a dose to the child up to 72 hours after birth can greatly reduce likelihood of permanent HIV infection in the child.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 30

1

Approximately what percent of all people living with AIDS live in Sub-Saharan Africa?

Select one of the following:

  • 10%.

  • 70%.

  • 50%.

  • 90%.

Explanation

Question 13 of 30

1

In HIV, the genome is contained in:

Select one of the following:

  • Two identical strands of RNA.

  • One long coil of RNA.

  • DNA.

  • There is no genome.

Explanation

Question 14 of 30

1

In order to make DNA out of their RNA, retroviruses like HIV use an enzyme called:

Select one of the following:

  • Reverse transcriptase.

  • RNAstase.

  • Genome Inverstil.

Explanation

Question 15 of 30

1

In viral cell attachment, there are multiple steps. First, must bind to two receptors to get into the host cell. Once in the cell, the virus' turns RNA into DNA. The enzyme enables integration of viral DNA into cellular DNA. After this, the enzyme cleaves polypeptides into functional . Lastly, the virus from the cell wall and leaves to infect other cells.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    GP120
    reverse transcriptase
    integrase
    protease
    buds
    HIV-1 proteins
    mRNA
    immune system

Explanation

Question 16 of 30

1

For HIV Chemotherapy, one of the treatments is HAART. HAART stands for:

Select one of the following:

  • Highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy.

  • HIV Analysis And Removal Therapy.

  • Heavily Aggressive Antigen Resource Treatment.

  • Heat Activated Aorta Resonance Treatment.

Explanation

Question 17 of 30

1

Inhibitors of viral enzymes can be competitive or non-competitive. With competitive inhibitors, the inhibitor:

Select one of the following:

  • Leaves substrate in the enzyme, preventing other substrate (the virus) from binding.

  • Prevent integrase from inserting viral DNA into cellular DNA.

  • Coats the outside of the cell, preventing the virus from budding out of the cell.

  • Fights the viral enzymes directly.

Explanation

Question 18 of 30

1

The HAART treatment commonly helps patients survive:

Select one of the following:

  • To their mid 30s.

  • To the life expectancy they would have without HIV.

  • 10 years longer than they would have without HAART.

  • Forever. HAART patients commonly become immortal.

Explanation

Question 19 of 30

1

All cells will make viruses once they are infected with HIV.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 30

1

AZT is a competitive inhibitor for HIV. It stops reverse transcriptase from making viral DNA by:

Select one of the following:

  • Integrating into the chain without a hydroxyl group, terminating the chain.

  • Taking apart the reverse transcriptase.

  • Preventing it from getting the necessary materials to make the DNA.

  • Cutting the RNA into segments.

Explanation

Question 21 of 30

1

A similar competitive inhibitor to AZT, Lamivudine was initially used for HIV patients, but found to be more effective combating:

Select one of the following:

  • Pertussis.

  • Hepatitis B.

  • Polio.

  • AIDS.

Explanation

Question 22 of 30

1

This drug is used for best prevention of mother to child HIV transmission, as it is very safe:

Select one of the following:

  • Nevirapine.

  • Lamivudine.

  • AZT.

  • Integrase.

Explanation

Question 23 of 30

1

In America, these are the proportion of HIV infected individuals at each stage of care.
Of all patients with HIV,

80% -
62% -
41% -
36% -
28% -

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    Are diagnosed.
    Are linked to HIV care.
    Are retained in HIV care.
    Are on antiretroviral therapy.
    Have a suppressed viral load.

Explanation

Question 24 of 30

1

HAART requires 5 years of continuous viral treatment with full adherence to eliminate HIV in the body.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 25 of 30

1

During HAART treatment, it's possible for patients to experience ARV (anti-retroviral) failure. This is most commonly caused by:

Select one of the following:

  • Treatment interruption.

  • Piranhas.

  • Too much sexual contact (protected or not).

  • Death.

Explanation

Question 26 of 30

1

To enter the Helper T cell, the HIV receptor must bind to two receptors:

Select one of the following:

  • First, CD4, then CCR5.

  • First, CCR5, then CD4.

  • First, to the nucleus, then to the plasma membrane.

  • First to the CD4, then to the genome.

Explanation

Question 27 of 30

1

Timmothy Brown is a famous patient in HIV treatment because:

Select one of the following:

  • After a bone marrow transplant, he became HIV negative.

  • He was the index case for HIV.

  • His tears could heal other HIV patients.

  • He survived to over 100 without any treatment whatsoever.

Explanation

Question 28 of 30

1

HIV most commonly attacks Helper T cells. This is is a problem because:

Select one of the following:

  • Helper T cells are high on the immune system hierarchy, and T and B cells depend on them.

  • Helper T cells are very low on the immune system hierarchy, so it's not that much of a problem.

  • Helper T cells are at the top of the immune system hierarchy, and everything depends on them.

  • Helper T cells are coated with CCR5, an important receptor that will lead to death if suppressed.

Explanation

Question 29 of 30

1

HIV can infect the brain if it's transported into it by this cell, which has clearance into the brain:

Select one of the following:

  • Helper T Cells.

  • Macrophages.

  • Memory B Cells.

  • Plasma Cells.

Explanation

Question 30 of 30

1

In HIV patients, the relationship between helper T cells and antibodies is commonly as follows:

Select one of the following:

  • Antibody levels rise, and helper T cell levels rise.

  • Antibody levels rise, and helper T cell levels lower.

  • Antibody levels lower, and helper T cell levels lower.

  • Antibody levels lower, and helper T cell levels rise.

Explanation

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