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Name means "land between the rivers"; Where the 1st civilizations began; Present day Iraq and Syria
The region in the Middle East which curves, like a quarter-moon shape; Known as the Cradle of Civilization
Belief in MANY gods; Ancient Sumerians believed in over 3,000 gods.
The massive platform that the sumerians built their religious temples on
means "rule by god"; describes a govt. where the ruler is thought to be a God
Ex. Ancient Egypt
1st writing system developed by the Sumerians; "wedge-shape writing
1st written laws; given to people of Ancient Babylon by King Hammurabi; very strict laws based on principle of an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth
describes a society dominated by men
the longest river in the world; Egypt is often called "the gift of the nile river; Egyptians depended on the Nile for everything
the annual flooding of the Nile River. The flood river leave behind rich fertile mud.
rick black mud left behind from the flooding of the Nile River
King who united Lower and Upper Egypt around 1300 BC
means "great house of"; a family of rulers
name for Egyptian King
"Ka"
"Ba"
Mummification
containers used to hold the internal organs (lungs, stomach, intestine, liver) of the deceased that was going to be mummified; the jars had lids shaped as the heads of the 4 sons of horus
Sarcophagus
earned everlasting fame for being the pharaoh responsible for the Great Pyramid at Giza which he built to serve as his tomb
largest of the 3 pyramids at Giza; built by King Khufu; the only monument of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient world to survive
discovered in 1952 buried under The Great Pyramid; it would be needed to ferry King Khufu's spirit across the sky to be with Ra, the sun god.
one of the largest and oldest statues in the world. Archeologists believe that it was carved around 2500 BC and that the head is meant to be the likeness of the Pharaoh Khafra.
Egyptian picture writing
a stone with writing on it in two languages (Egyptians and Greek), using three scripts (hieroglyphic, demotic, and Greek)
Invaded Egypt; and ruled for 200 years; introduced the horse drawn chariot.
first great woman ruler in history; she ruled Egypt as King not Queen. Sculptures and masks show her with a false beard.
rejected the traditional religion in favor of worshipping the Aten, or sun disc, after whom he renamed himself. He closed all the temples to the old gods and obliterated their names from monuments.
17 year old boy pharaoh whose tomb survived untouched by grave robbers; more than 3,000 artifacts discovered in his tomb
Rameses the Great reigned 67 years; fathered over 100 children; defeated the Hittites, the other superpower of ancient times; he declared himself a living god
Reed like plant that grows on the Nile River Ancient Egyptians used to write on
the spreading of ideas from one culture to another culture
