Shannon Wilkes
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Quiz on MBI 111 Final Exam, created by Shannon Wilkes on 10/05/2014.

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MBI 111 Final Exam

MBI 111 Final Exam

Question 1 of 62

1

What kind of disease is dental caries?

Select one of the following:

  • Fungal

  • Viral

  • Bacterial

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 2 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Periodontal Disease?

Select one of the following:

  • Fungal

  • Viral

  • Protozoan

  • Bacterial

Explanation

Question 3 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Oral Herpes/Heres Labialis?

Select one of the following:

  • Bacterial

  • Fungal

  • Viral

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 4 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Thrush?

Select one of the following:

  • Bacterial

  • Fungal

  • Viral

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 5 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Peptic Ulcers?

Select one of the following:

  • Viral

  • Fungal

  • Protozoan

  • Bacterial

Explanation

Question 6 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Staphylococcus Intoxication?

Select one of the following:

  • Protozoan

  • Bacterial

  • Viral

  • Fungal

Explanation

Question 7 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Botulism?

Select one of the following:

  • Bacterial

  • Viral

  • Fungal

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 8 of 62

1

Which of the following are bacterial strains of Enteritis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Rotavirus

  • E.coli

  • Coxsackie

  • Salmonella

  • Bacillus cereus

  • Clostridium perfringens

  • Cryptosporidium parvum

  • Giardia lamblia

  • Campylobacter jejuni

  • Echovirus

Explanation

Question 9 of 62

1

Which of the following strains are viral Enteritis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • E.coli

  • Rotavirus

  • Coxsackie

  • Salmonella

  • Bacillus cereus

  • Clostridium perfringens

  • Cryptosporidium parvum

  • Giardia lablia

  • Campylobacter jejuni

  • Echovirus

Explanation

Question 10 of 62

1

Which of the following strains are protozoan Enteritis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • E.coli

  • Rotavirus

  • Coxsackie

  • Salmonella

  • Bacillus cereus

  • Clostridium perfringens

  • Cryptosporidium parvum

  • Giardia lamblia

  • Echovrius

  • Campylobacter jejuni

Explanation

Question 11 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Clostridium diificile infection?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Viral

  • Bacterial

  • Fungal

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 12 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Cholera?

Select one of the following:

  • Bacterial

  • Viral

  • Protozoan

  • Fungal

Explanation

Question 13 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Poliomyelitis?

Select one of the following:

  • Bacterial

  • Viral

  • Fungal

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 14 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Hepatitis A and E?

Select one of the following:

  • Viral

  • Bacterial

  • Fungal

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 15 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Urinary Cystitis?

Select one of the following:

  • Viral

  • Bacterial

  • Fungal

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 16 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Septicemia and Septic Shock?

Select one of the following:

  • Viral

  • Fungal

  • Bacterial

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 17 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Vaginosis caused by Candida albicans?

Select one of the following:

  • Bacterial

  • Fungal

  • Protozoan

  • Viral

Explanation

Question 18 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Vaginosis that caused by gardnerella vaginalis?

Select one of the following:

  • Viral

  • Bacterial

  • Fungal

  • Protozoal

Explanation

Question 19 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Vaginosis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis?

Select one of the following:

  • Viral

  • Bacterial

  • Protozoan

  • Fungal

Explanation

Question 20 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Toxic Shock Syndrome?

Select one of the following:

  • Bacterial

  • Viral

  • Fungal

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 21 of 62

1

What kind of infection is gonorrhea?

Select one of the following:

  • Viral

  • Bacterial

  • Fungal

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 22 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Chlamydial Disease?

Select one of the following:

  • Viral

  • Fungal

  • Bacterial

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 23 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Syphilis?

Select one of the following:

  • Viral

  • Fungal

  • Protozoan

  • Bacterial

Explanation

Question 24 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Genital Herpes?

Select one of the following:

  • Bacterial

  • Viral

  • Fungal

  • Protozoan

Explanation

Question 25 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Genital Warts?

Select one of the following:

  • Viral

  • Bacterial

  • Protozoan

  • Fungal

Explanation

Question 26 of 62

1

What kind of infection is Hepatitis B, C and D?

Select one of the following:

  • Protozoan

  • Fungal

  • Viral

  • Bacterial

Explanation

Question 27 of 62

1

What kind of infection is AIDS?

Select one of the following:

  • Fungal

  • Viral

  • Protozoan

  • Bacterial

Explanation

Question 28 of 62

1

Stomach ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori are most effectively treated with what?

Select one of the following:

  • Antibiotics only

  • Drugs that reduce stomach acid production

  • Avoidance of spicy foods only

  • A change in lifestyle that reduces stress only

  • Drugs that coat the stomach lining only

  • Antibiotics combined with drugs that reduce stomach acid production and ones that coat the stomach lining

Explanation

Question 29 of 62

1

Chemical host defense factors for the digestive system include:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Peristalsis

  • Diarrhea

  • Sloughing epithelium

  • Normal Microbiota

  • Enzymes

  • Bile

  • Vomiting

  • Stomach acid

Explanation

Question 30 of 62

1

Food-borne infection is caused by microbes in food that infect the intestines of the host, then proliferate and produce toxins there; in contrast, food-borne intoxication results from direct effects of toxins ingested in food that has been stored under conditions that promote microbial growth and toxin production.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 31 of 62

1

About a day and a half after a fraternity-sorority picnic (and for a few days after that), many students experienced gastrointestinal distress (cramps, diarrhea and vomiting), along with fever and nausea. Each of these students ingested undercooked barbecued chicken (because of the barbecue sauce, it was difficult to see that the chicken was still pink in color). These students most likely suffered from what?

Select one of the following:

  • Staphylococcal intoxication

  • Cholera

  • Salmonella enteritis

  • Stomach Ulcers

  • Botulism

Explanation

Question 32 of 62

1

Enteritis and periodontal disease are both syndromes because each of these diseases had a number of different etiological agents that ultimately lead to generation of its own characteristic set of signs and symptoms that lets us know that we have either enteritis or periodontal disease.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 33 of 62

1

In cases of botulism due to eating contaminated food, appropriate treatment consists of:

Select one of the following:

  • Antibiotic only

  • Antibiotic and antitoxin

  • Antitoxin only

  • Antibiotic and fluid replacement

  • Letting the disease run its course

Explanation

Question 34 of 62

1

When Helicobacter pylori uses urease to generate ammonia to neutralize stomach acid and vacuolating cytotoxin to damage gastric cells to release nutrients, it induces inflammation that leads to infiltration of phagocytes which secrete cytokines that make the inflammation worse and lead to formation of ulcers, which generate a gnawing or burning pain in the abdomen.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 35 of 62

1

Select the ONE statement that is TRUE

Select one of the following:

  • Plaque damage to teeth occurs by means of a specific toxin that erodes tooth enamel

  • Fecal transplant is a "last ditch" method for the treatment of cholera infections

  • Cryptosporidium oocysts can be transmitted in swimming pools by infected young children with diarrhea, even when they are wearing swim diapers or swim pants

  • TLC and supportive care are the only treatments for hepatitis A and E, oral herpes, giardiasis, staphylococcal intoxication and poliomyelitis, because effective CTAs are not available

  • Vaccines are available for cholera, hepatitis A and E and polio, but not rotavirus

Explanation

Question 36 of 62

1

Select the ONE answer that is TRUE

Select one of the following:

  • Once a herpes cold sore or oral herpes lesion disappears, the infection is cured and lesions will not recur

  • Access to good sanitation and clean drinking water is a key to prevention of most gastrointestinal infections worldwide

  • Shigatoxic E.coli (STEC) is uncommon in the US and serious infections are very rare

  • An infected person's feces can contain infectious agents, but their vomitus cannot, due to its highly acidic nature

  • The cysts of both Giardia and Cryptosporidium are readily killed by chlorine, so there is no need to use filtration to purify drinking water

Explanation

Question 37 of 62

1

Select ALL of the following that are TRUE

Select one or more of the following:

  • Because this opportunistic bacterium is a member of the normal microbiota, use of broad spectrum antibiotic therapy (which kills off most of the other normal microbiota) can lead to Clostridium difficult infections, especially in the elderly

  • Food contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus can only cause illness in people who eat it while the bacteria are still alive

  • The organisms that cause both dental caries and periodontal disease are normal bacterial microbiota that accumulate on teeth as dental plaque, and the caries they cause can be prevented by regular flossing and brushing with fluoride toothpaste plus biannual tooth cleaning by a dental hygienist

  • Polio begins as an intestinal infection that is followed by a production of a neurotoxin that causes damage of motor neurons in the CNS and leads to flaccid paralysis

  • Botulism is transmitted by improperly canned foods containing bacterial spores that germinate to form vegetative bacteria that grow and produce an exotoxin that can lead to cardiac and/or respiratory failure

  • Cholera toxin leads to sever dehydration, but patients can usually be successfully treated by replacing water and salts, either by oral hydration or by IV administration

  • Toxins play a significant role in hepatitis A and botulism, but not in enteritis or oral Candidiasis (thrush)

Explanation

Question 38 of 62

1

Identify ALL of the properties SHARED by infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis

Select one or more of the following:

  • The signs and symptoms are more apparent in men than in women

  • Signs and symptoms may include painful urination and discharge

  • Pelvic inflammatory disease is not a complication of both of these diseases, just one of them

  • Antibiotic resistance is a significant problem for either of these diseases

  • Due to damage to the fallopian tubes, they may lead to ectopic pregnancy or infertility in women

Explanation

Question 39 of 62

1

Although Chlamydia causes the highest number of reported STD cases each year, it is not the number one sexually transmitted infection in the US; in fact, the estimated incidence of Trichomonsas and HPV STIs are both higher than that of Chlamydia STIs

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 40 of 62

1

Select the ONE statement that is TRUE

Select one of the following:

  • Indwelling urethral catheters post little or no risk for nosocomial infections

  • The death rates for septicemia and septic shock makes these maladies the number 11 killer in the country

  • Septicemia, but not septic shock, is associated with loss of blood flow to vital organs

  • In septic shock, the damage is caused by bacteria growing in the lungs and physically clogging them

Explanation

Question 41 of 62

1

Because prevention of vaginal infections depends on sloughing of glycogen-containing epithelial cells and maintenance of low vaginal pH by normal microbiota, treatment of urinary cystitis with an antibiotic that kills Gram-positive bacteria is highly unlikely vaginal candidiasis in a twenty-something woman

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 42 of 62

1

Identify ALL of the potential results of infection Syphilis

Select one or more of the following:

  • Formation of a chancre

  • Pelvic inflammatory disease

  • Transmission of syphilis via contact with open lesions

  • Congenital (birth) defects

  • Gumma formation that occurs after a latent period

Explanation

Question 43 of 62

1

Select the ONE statement that is TRUE

Select one of the following:

  • The symptoms characteristics of vaginosis include vaginal inflammation and open cervical lesions, but neither itching or discharge

  • Urinary cystitis is caused by vaginal normal microbiota that are introduced into the urethra during sexual intercourse

  • Vaginosis is a syndrome, the causes of which include fungal, protozoal and bacterial normal microbiota

  • While vaginosis is associated with renal damage, urinary cystitis is not

  • Although condom use will not help prevent vaginosis, personal hygiene can

Explanation

Question 44 of 62

1

Select the ONE statement that is TRUE

Select one of the following:

  • Once an STD is cured, reinfection will not occur, although latent organisms can cause recurrence of some of these diseases

  • With most STDs, when the symptoms go away, one can no longer be considered infectious, so transmission of the disease to a sexual partner is of little concern

  • The latest estimates indicate that 15 million Americans become newly infected with an STD each year, yet these diseases are one of the most under recognized health threats

  • Condoms are not effective in preventing STDs, so vaccination remains the primary means of prevention

  • Women who are promiscuous and practice unprotected sex do not have a higher risk of miscarriage or children with birth defects

Explanation

Question 45 of 62

1

Urinary cystitis is not considered an STD; rather it is a urinary tract infection caused by normal GI tract microbiota, frequently E.coli, that are often introduced into the urethra during sexual intercourse.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 46 of 62

1

You receive the following medical history from a male patient: development of an odorless, whitish discharge, abdominal pain and burning sensation on urination 10 days following sex with a new partner. Staining of the discharge did NOT reveal gram negative diplococci. His partner probably gave him what?

Select one of the following:

  • Chlamydia

  • Gonorrhea

  • Syphilis

  • Gardnerella

Explanation

Question 47 of 62

1

Select the statement that is TRUE

Select one of the following:

  • Normal microbiota are never associated with genitourinary infections

  • There should be no normal microbiota of any kind in the urinary tract

  • Phagocytes are not a significant cellular host defense factor involved in genitourinary infections

  • Mucus is both a chemical and physical host defense factor involved in preventing genitourinary infections

Explanation

Question 48 of 62

1

Which of the following infections have vaccines?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Botulism

  • Rotavirus

  • Cholera

  • Poliomyelitis

  • Hepatitis A

  • Septicemia/Septic Shock

  • Chlamydia

  • Genital Herpes

  • Genital Warts

  • Hepatitis C

Explanation

Question 49 of 62

1

Which infections are treated by a procedure/surgery?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Dental Caries

  • Periodontal Disease

  • Oral Herpes

  • Botulism

  • Staphylococcal Intoxication

  • Toxic Shock Syndrome

  • Genital Warts

  • Genital Herpes

  • Hepatitis B, C, D

  • HIV/AIDS

Explanation

Question 50 of 62

1

Which of all the following are treated with antibiotics/antifungals/antivirals?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Oral Herpes

  • Botulism

  • Toxic Shock Syndrome

  • Septicemia/Septic Shock

  • Vaginosis

  • Chlamydia

  • Gonorrhea

  • AIDS/HIV

  • Syphilis

  • Hepatitis B, C, D

Explanation

Question 51 of 62

1

Which of the following infections are treated with antimicrobial agent therapy/other drug therapies?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Dental Caries

  • Peptic Ulcers

  • Botulism

  • Toxic Shock Syndrome

  • Septicemia/Septic Shock

  • Enteritis

  • Genital Herpes

  • Genital Warts

  • Clostridium difficile infection

  • HIV/AIDS

Explanation

Question 52 of 62

1

Which infections are treated with TLC and supportive measures?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Botulism

  • Staphylococcal Infection

  • Enteritis

  • Septicemia/Septic Shock

  • Cholera

  • Toxic Shock Syndrome

  • Poliomyelitis

  • Hepatitis A and E

  • Clostridium difficile infection

Explanation

Question 53 of 62

1

You observe the following symptoms in a patient: low-grade fever, anorexia and vomiting, followed by jaundice and pain in the region of the liver. Medical records reveal a history of IV drug abuse. This patient is most likely suffering from what?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Genital Warts

  • Chlamydia

  • Gonorrhea

  • Genital Herpes

  • Hepatitis B

  • AIDS

Explanation

Question 54 of 62

1

Select the ONE answer that is TRUE

Select one or more of the following:

  • cervical cancer can be a complication of genital herpes, but not genital warts

  • one will develop visible genital sores when they have genital herpes, but not when they have syphilis

  • HIV and gonorrhea are associated with chronic or latent infections, but neither chlamydia nor syphilis has a latent stage

  • penile cancer can be a complication of genital warts, but not genital herpes

Explanation

Question 55 of 62

1

Identify ALL the correct statements about HIV/AIDS

Select one or more of the following:

  • During asymptomatic HIV infection, levels of virus circulating in the blood remain high

  • Opportunistic diseases are the primary cause of mortality in AIDS patients

  • AIDS is still a significant cause of death of men between the ages of 25 and 44 years in the US

  • Although infected with HIV, people are not considered to have AIDS until they develop opportunistic infections or unusual cancers

  • Combination drug therapies are most effective in reducing circulating HIV than are therapies that utilize only individual drugs

  • During its replication cycle, HIV generates a DNA copy of its genome that is integrated into the chromosomes of infected host cells

  • HIV is remarkably stable genetically because it rarely undergoes mutations

Explanation

Question 56 of 62

1

Which statement about genitourinary infections are TRUE?

Select one of the following:

  • The lesions typical of genital warts occur only on the genitalia, not on (or in) any other part of the body

  • Hepatitis B and C are both associated with IV drug use and transfusions, as well as with promiscuous sexual behavior

  • In both men and women genital herpes causes genital lesions; it may result in PID, but not cervical damage, in women

Explanation

Question 57 of 62

1

Identify ALL the correct statements regarding HPV

Select one or more of the following:

  • High-risk types of HPV are the leading cause of oropharyangeal cancer

  • Low-risk HPV strains are not associated with metastatic cancer because they are not known to generate malignant tumors

  • The vaccine for HPV works in either males or females, and it works best when administered before the onset of sexual activity

  • Only females are at risk of developing cancer from HPV, so they are the only people who should receive HPV vaccine

Explanation

Question 58 of 62

1

In the US, men are typically diagnosed as having AIDS more readily than women because physicians often don't think to look for HIV in women at first since the incidence of HIV infection is higher in men and because women often develop opportunistic diseases or cancers than this that men develop as the infection progresses

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 59 of 62

1

You observed profuse, severe diarrhea to dehydration in a patient. Serologic testing revealed the presence of antibodies to HIV in her blood. The disease signs in this patient most likely resulted from her having what?

Select one of the following:

  • Tuberculosis

  • Cryptosporidiosis

  • Pneumonystis pneumonia

  • Toxoplasmosis

  • Kaposi's sarcoma

  • Candidiasis

Explanation

Question 60 of 62

1

Which of these statements about sexually transmitted diseases is TRUE

Select one of the following:

  • HIV originated in Africa in 1980, and was spread throughout the world primarily by homosexual contact

  • HIV and syphilis, but neither hepatitis nor genital warts, develop into systemic infections

  • Genital herpes, syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia infection can all increase the chances of infection with HIV…they are gateway diseases

  • Both HIV and genital warts, but not genital herpes, are likely to lead to secondary infections of other organisms

Explanation

Question 61 of 62

1

Which of these statements about sexually transmitted diseases is TRUE?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Vaccines are available for prevention of both hepatitis B and C, as well as for genital warts

  • Gardasil is effective in females, but not in males, despite great efforts to modify the vaccine so it would be more widely applicable

  • Once a person is infected with the etiological agents of these diseases, no antibiotic cure exists for genital herpes, genital warts or hepatitis B

  • Although there are medications (CTAs) that can help people infected with HIV manage their disease and live longer, they do not infection or AIDS

Explanation

Question 62 of 62

1

Select all of the following which can be transmitted from mother to infant

Select one or more of the following:

  • Chlamydia

  • Syphilis

  • Gonorrhea

  • Genital Herpes

  • Hepatitis B

  • HIV

Explanation

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