Rachel Pointer
Quiz by , created more than 1 year ago

Most of these questions I have taken out of my online textbook (Understanding Psychology 11e by Charles G. Morris and Albert A. Maisto) The chapter the questions come from will be listed with the question. This quiz also includes questions from the tests taken in the class.

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Rachel Pointer
Created by Rachel Pointer about 7 years ago
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General Psychology Final Exam Study Quiz

Question 1 of 63

1

Which of these is the modern, formal definition of psychology? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • Psychology is the study of psychological disorders and treatment

  • Psychology is as much an art as a science

  • Psychology today studies only cognition and emotion

  • Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Explanation

Question 2 of 63

1

Which of these are among the five enduring issues in psychology? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • person-situation

  • opportunity-disenfranchisement

  • friends-family

  • youth-age

Explanation

Question 3 of 63

1

A(n) _____ is a specific, testable prediction derived from a theory. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • experiment

  • scientific method

  • hypothesis

  • phenomenon

Explanation

Question 4 of 63

1

You want to answer the question, "Do opposites really attract?" As a critical thinker using the scientific method, it is most important that you do which of the following? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • If data conflict, go with the largest data set

  • Try to simplify things as much as possible

  • Be skeptical of self-reports as they may be biased

  • Collect a large number of self-reports

Explanation

Question 5 of 63

1

Which of these disciplines falls under the heading of developmental psychology? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • child psychologist

  • clinical psychologist

  • industrial/organizational psychologist

  • attending psychologist

Explanation

Question 6 of 63

1

The emergence of psychology as a science in the 1900s can be seen as having occurred in the following three stages: (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • Freudian, Humanistic, Behavioral

  • animism, dualism, table rasa

  • emergence of science, behaviorism, cognitive behaviorism

  • science of the mind, the behaviorist decades, the cognitive revolution

Explanation

Question 7 of 63

1

What are the three basic elements of consciousness according to Edward Bradford Tutchener? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • race, culture, and ethnicity

  • physical sensations, feelings, and images

  • the id, the ego, and the super ego

  • emotions, actions, and thoughts

Explanation

Question 8 of 63

1

Which of these questions is most likely to be of interest to an evolutionary psychologist? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • How can someone best cope with the loss of a parent?

  • Do stereotypical roles have a role in promoting the survival of the species?

  • What effect does alcohol abuse have on adolescent brain development?

  • How can a store manager learn to increase productivity among her staff?

Explanation

Question 9 of 63

1

What changes brought about the reopening of the study of things we cannot observe directly, like thoughts, by the science of psychology? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • The theories of the behaviorists were proved wrong

  • It was proven that the unconscious mind is what shapes us

  • New research methods made the scientific study of mental processes possible

  • The public did not like the focus of behavior alone

Explanation

Question 10 of 63

1

Understanding how and why groups differ in their values, behaviors, approaches to the world, thought processes, and responses to situations --in other words, understanding _____, gives us tools to reduce interpersonal tensions. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • diversity

  • genetics

  • universal features

  • innate behavior

Explanation

Question 11 of 63

1

Scott was born and raised as Emily, a healthy female, but has lived and identified as a man ever since he was a teenager. While Scott hasn't undergone gender reassignment surgery, he uses male pronouns to refer to himself and doesn't disclose his trans identity except to potential romantic partners. Most of his classmates and colleagues assume he is biologically male. Scott's _____ is female, and his _____ is male. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • culture; sex

  • heritage; gender

  • sex; gender

  • gender; identity

Explanation

Question 12 of 63

1

Which of the following is a reason why feminist theory has been important in expanding traditional psychological theories?(Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • It has led to the understanding that gender is fixed

  • It has helped reinforce traditional gender roles so that psychologists can focus on other topics

  • It has led to the understanding that men and women are so similar that it's easy to apply knowledge about one gender to the experiences of another

  • It examines similarities and differences and puts a spotlight on gender stereotypes

Explanation

Question 13 of 63

1

Whose classic work, Sex and Temperment in Three Primitive Societies, is still cited as evidence that definitions of masculinity and femininity are not biological givens? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • Mary Cover Jones

  • Carol Gilligan

  • Margaret Mead

  • Mamie Clark

Explanation

Question 14 of 63

1

Which of these is a major benefit of naturalistic observation as a research method? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • Researchers don't need to be specially trained to learn how to observe their enviorment

  • Naturalistic observation has the least risk of observer bias

  • Researchers tend to record all of what they see, so potentially relevant details are not likely to be overlooked

  • The behavior observed in everyday life is likely to be more natural, spontanious, and varied than that observed in a laboratory

Explanation

Question 15 of 63

1

Why is it important to distinguish between correlation and cause and effect ? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • When one variable causes another, that doesn't mean that the variables are necessarily related, only that they occur in tandem

  • Two variables can be related to each other, but that does not imply that one causes the other

  • Studies that look for cause and effect run the risk of asking leading questions, which yeild unreliable results

  • Correlated variables are not statistically significant

Explanation

Question 16 of 63

1

In an experiment, the _____ variable is measured to see ho it is changed by manipulations in the _____ variables. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • dependent; independent

  • control; experimental

  • experimental; control

  • independent; dependent

Explanation

Question 17 of 63

1

In an experiment, to test the effects of sleep deprivation on test performance, a researcher who manipulates the amount of sleep that participants get is controlling the _____. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • control group

  • independent variable

  • experimental group

  • dependent variable

Explanation

Question 18 of 63

1

Which of the following is part of the American Psychological Association (APA) code of ethics regarding psychological experiments? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • Deception about the goals of the research can never be used

  • Participants in research studies must be 18 or older

  • Participants must be informed about the nature of the research only when the experiment's methods are potentially harmful

  • Deception about the goals of the research can be used only when absolutely necessary to the integrity of the research

Explanation

Question 19 of 63

1

According to the APA code of ethics, are researchers who use animals in experiments ever allowed to subject those animals to pain or stress? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • No, the APA does not condone the use of animals in research in any circumstances

  • Yes, but only if the animals are given appropriate anesthesia and no other procedure is available

  • Yes, but only when an alternate procedure is unavailable and the goal is justified by its prospective scientific, educational, or applied value

  • The APA does not issue guidelines on the use of animals in research

Explanation

Question 20 of 63

1

Which psychologist's controversial 1963 experiment involved participants being told to administer increasingly intense shocks to other participants? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • Jean Piaget

  • Keneth Clark

  • Al Maisto

  • Stanley Milgram

Explanation

Question 21 of 63

1

Trina is a psychology student who plans to work with patients who are struggling with depression and anxiety. She received a PhD in psychology and is starting a one-year internship in psychotherapy. After that, she'll have one more year of supervised practice before she can open her own practice. What career path is Trina on? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • clinical psychology

  • social worker

  • developmental psychology

  • psychiatrist

Explanation

Question 22 of 63

1

Mateo has been feeling very sad lately and has decided to see a mental health professional in order to receive a prescription for some antidepressant medication. He will also engage in psychotherapy with this individual. Mateo is most likely to visit a _____. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • psychiatrist

  • health psychologist

  • counseling psychology

  • clinical psychologist

Explanation

Question 23 of 63

1

Which type of psychologist is most likely to be desirable to human resources and personnel departments? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • cognitive

  • evolutionary

  • indistrial/organizational

  • behavioral

Explanation

Question 24 of 63

1

Three key terms that constitute the definition of psychology are (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • cognition, attitudes, and brain function

  • therapy, behavior problems, and mental illness

  • cognition, human motivation, and thinking

  • scientific, behavioral, and mental processes

Explanation

Question 25 of 63

1

A psychologist following the scientific method would first: (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • design an experiment

  • make observations

  • disprove invalid theories

  • develop a theory

Explanation

Question 26 of 63

1

Critical thinkers are willing to _____. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • accept the opinions of established experts in a field

  • accept common knowledge

  • look at similarities but not differences in a problem

  • subject their own deeply held beliefs to scrutiny

Explanation

Question 27 of 63

1

If you believe that how you've acquired your mental and behavioral traits from your historical past is of key importance, then you're likely favoring the _____ view of psychology. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • humanistic

  • cognitive

  • psychodynamic

  • evolutionary

Explanation

Question 28 of 63

1

Psychologist William James developed the theory of _____. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • psychodynamics

  • structuralism

  • functionalism

  • dualism

Explanation

Question 29 of 63

1

If you subscribe to this school of psychology, you believe that psychology is the study of only what is observable and measurable. This historical and modern perspective is better known as _____. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • behaviorism

  • functionalism

  • psychoanalysis

  • gestalt psychology

Explanation

Question 30 of 63

1

Alessio believes that men's and women's gender roles are the result of biological adaptions in our deep ancestry. Allesio is using theories based in _____ to explain his views on gender roles. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • gender studies

  • behavioral adaption

  • evolutionary psychology

  • feminist theory

Explanation

Question 31 of 63

1

We cannot understand human behavior without also understanding: (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • that culture has little influence on human psychology

  • animal cognition and behavior

  • how little human diversity there is

  • the influence of culture on human diversity

Explanation

Question 32 of 63

1

_____ is a research technique based on the naturally occurring relationship between two or more variables. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • a control group

  • correlational research

  • the experimental method

  • causative research

Explanation

Question 33 of 63

1

Cherie is participating in a study on the sleep habits of college students. The experimenter is putting Cherie in Group A and is examining if one extra hour of sleep per night leads to 20% increase in concentration. The dependent variable in this experiment is ______. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • Cherie

  • level of concentration

  • the participants in Group B

  • one extra hour of sleep

Explanation

Question 34 of 63

1

DeShawn is researching the effects of brain lesions on depression. For ethical reasons, he is not able to cut into brains of study participants. What is one research method that DeShawn might consider that could shed light on this problem without violating APA ethical guidelines? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • paying volunteers more for their consent to have surgery

  • performing the tests on children whose parents have given consent

  • telling participants that he's actually studying productivity

  • using animals as tests subjects

Explanation

Question 35 of 63

1

The APA code of ethics requires that researchers obtain _____ from participants, and stipulates that participants must be informed of the nature of research in clearly understandable language. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • consensus

  • notified agreement

  • personal information

  • informed consent

Explanation

Question 36 of 63

1

Marlisa is a researcher who is studying brain MRIs of patients with severe anxiety. She hopes to identify exactly how brain chemistry changes during an anxiety attack. Marlisa is working in which field of psychology? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • neuropsychology

  • cognitive development

  • counseling psychology

  • neural conditioning

Explanation

Question 37 of 63

1

Many students majoring in psychology want to be therapists. The career that requires a medical degree for a career as specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of behavior disorders is that of a _____. (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • psychoanalyst

  • psychiatrist

  • child psychologist

  • clinical psychologist

Explanation

Question 38 of 63

1

Is there a single perspective dominating psychology today? (Chapter 1, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • No. Although the emerging field of positive psychology is exciting, not many psychologists are adhering to it

  • No. Psychologists are more flexible in considering new approaches and combining elements of different perspectives

  • Yes. Behaviorism, as developed by John Watson, remains unchallenged as the most comprehensive psychological perspective in the early 21st century

  • Yes. As the influence of Freudian psychodynamic theory declined, evolutionary psychology took its place as the dominant mode of study today

Explanation

Question 39 of 63

1

The _____ is the level an impulse must exceed to cause a neuron to fire. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • threshold of excitation

  • graded potential

  • action potential

  • threshold of potential

Explanation

Question 40 of 63

1

Which of the following is true about dendrites? (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • They carry outgoing messages to neighboring neurons

  • They pick up incoming messages and transmit them to the cell body

  • Some neurons have them, and some do not

  • They are found in every type of cell

Explanation

Question 41 of 63

1

Glutamate enhances learning and memory by _____. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • strengthening the myelin sheath

  • strengthening synaptic connections between neurons

  • stimulating neurons that reside in the hindbrain

  • stimulating neurons in the midbrain

Explanation

Question 42 of 63

1

The ______ is the tiny gab between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrites or cell body of the next neuron (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • vesicle

  • neurotransmitter

  • synaptic cleft

  • terminal button

Explanation

Question 43 of 63

1

Why do people from different cultures develop different neural networks? (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • Because people from different cultures have different levels of hormones

  • Because people from different cultures have different levels of intelligence

  • Because people from different cultures often have very different experiences

  • Because people from different cultures have very different genes

Explanation

Question 44 of 63

1

Damage to the hypothalamus might result in which of the following problems? (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • difficulty recognizing people's faces

  • difficulty sleeping

  • difficulty controlling emotions

  • difficulty paying attention

Explanation

Question 45 of 63

1

The _____ includes the brain and the spinal cord, which together contain more than 90% of the body's neurons. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • peripheral nervous system

  • limbic system

  • central nervous system

  • somatic nervous system

Explanation

Question 46 of 63

1

_____ are impairments of the ability to use or understand language. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • occipital delays

  • speech impediments

  • aphasias

  • temporal delays

Explanation

Question 47 of 63

1

Which of the following is true of macroelectrode recording techniques? (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • They are used to study brain waves

  • They are used to map regions of the brain

  • They use radioactive energy to map the brain

  • They are used to study the function of single neurons

Explanation

Question 48 of 63

1

Which of the following is true about the spinal cord? (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • It is made up of hard, bonelike bundles of dendrites

  • It contains neural circuits that require input from the brain

  • It is not actually connected to the brain

  • It contains to major neural pathways

Explanation

Question 49 of 63

1

Dilated pupils and bronchi, a relaxed bladder, and an accelerated heart rate would all be attributed to the stimulation of the _____. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • limbic system

  • endocrine system

  • parasympathetic division

  • sympathetic division

Explanation

Question 50 of 63

1

What is the main function of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • to signal the body to release hormones from the pituitary gland

  • to calm and relax the body after intense arousal

  • to prepare the body for quick action in an emergency

  • to signal the body to release hormones from the thyroid gland

Explanation

Question 51 of 63

1

The _____ is the part of the peripheral nervous system that carries messages between the central nervous system and the internal organs. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • sympathetic division

  • autonomic nervous system

  • parasympathetic division

  • somatic nervous system

Explanation

Question 52 of 63

1

Neurons belonging to the somatic nervous system are involved in which of the following? (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • making voluntary movements of the skeletal muscles

  • controlling voluntary thoughts and behaviors

  • controlling the involuntary activities of the internal organs

  • making involuntary movements of the skeletal muscles

Explanation

Question 53 of 63

1

Fiona's brain is getting information about her movements and her external environment. The part of the central nervous system that is communicating this is called the _____ nervous system. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • automatic

  • sensory

  • autonomic

  • somatic

Explanation

Question 54 of 63

1

Located on the underside of the brain and often called the "master gland," the _____ gland is connected to the hypothalamus and produces the largest number of different hormones. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • pituitary

  • pineal

  • adrenal

  • thyroid

Explanation

Question 55 of 63

1

Jasper is late for work and decides to skip breakfast. As lunchtime draws near, he begins to feel shaky and weak, and when he gets up to go to the cafeteria for lunch, he faints. His coworkers call an ambulance, and at the hospital, tests reveal there is an unusually low amount of sugar in his blood and urine. Jasper is suffering from _____. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • hypoglycemia

  • overactive thyroid

  • melatonin overload

  • diabetes mellitus

Explanation

Question 56 of 63

1

What is the primary responsibility of the parathyroid glands? (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • to balance levels of androgens in the body

  • to balance levels of acetylcholine in the body

  • to balance levels of calcium and phosphate in the body

  • to balance levels of thyroxin in the body

Explanation

Question 57 of 63

1

Which of the following secretes insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels? (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • gonads

  • pancreas

  • thyroid gland

  • pituitary gland

Explanation

Question 58 of 63

1

Which of the following releases melatonin, which helps regulate sleep-wake cycles? (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • pancreas

  • adrenal glands

  • pineal gland

  • thyroid gland

Explanation

Question 59 of 63

1

A recessive gene can control the appearance of a certain trait only if its _____. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • paired with a dominant gene

  • paired with another recessive gene

  • related to a physical trait

  • related to intelligence

Explanation

Question 60 of 63

1

Which type of study assesses heritability in animals and helps determine the degree to which a trait is inherited? (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • naturalistic observation

  • single-blind study

  • selection study

  • double-blind study

Explanation

Question 61 of 63

1

The human genome, or sum total of all genes necessary to build a human being, contains approximately _____. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • 20,000 to 25,000 genes

  • 15,000 to 20,000 genes

  • 10,000 to 15,000 genes

  • 5,000 to 10,000 genes

Explanation

Question 62 of 63

1

Odessa is 37 and is pregnant with her third child. Her obstetrician tells her that her pregnancy is high risk because of her age and suggests she undergo a test to screen for genetic defects. She explains that the test involves harvesting cells from the fluid in which the fetus grows. Odessa's doctor is referring to _____. (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • gene therapy

  • chorionic villus sampling

  • amniocentesis

  • ultrasound

Explanation

Question 63 of 63

1

In psychology, the idea that adaptive traits that increase survival chances will become more common in a species, as those who survive long enough will pass on the genes for those traits to more members of their species, is known as: (Chapter 2, Exam 1)

Select one of the following:

  • human social survival

  • trait genetics

  • evolutionary psychology

  • behavioral genetics

Explanation

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